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Lessons from France on the Regulation of Internet Pornography: How Displacement Effects, Circumvention, and Legislative Scope May Limit the Efficacy of Article 23

Neil Thurman, Asmik Nalmpatian, Fabian Obster

Policy & Internet, issue 1 (2022), pp. 1-21

"In 2020, the French Parliament passed an amendment that put the country at the forefront of attempts by democratic states to restrict young people's access to legal online pornography. This study examines the necessity for and potential efficacy of the amendment, Article 23, through a comparative a ... more

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The Effect of Children’s Exposure to the YouTube Platform Moshaya Family Channel on Socialization of the Saudi Child Regarding Life Satisfaction

Afnan A Qutub, Alaa A Muhammad,

Global South, volume 1, issue 2 (2022), pp. 437-463

"This study aims to measure the effects of exposure to a YouTube platform, the Moshaya Family Channel, on the socialization of children. We monitored the content provided by the channel and how children are affected by it in terms of moral and behavioral aspects, specifically the impacts of their re ... more

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Mapping the nexus between media reporting of violence against girls: The normalization of violence, and the perpetuation of harmful gender norms and stereotypes. Evidence review

Lorena Fuentes, Abha Shri Saxena, Jennifer Bitterly

UNICEF; UN Women (2022), 66 pp.

"It finds broad consensus across the literature that mainstream news media outlets tend to make use of harmful tropes and stereotypes when reporting on cases of gender-based violence, and that this contributes to the normalization of violence and perpetuation of discriminatory gender norms and stere ... otypes. The key modalities considered in the scholarly literature relate to the visual and textual features of news stories, and the sourcing practices used by journalists. Studies highlight a tendency for mainstream news reporting to mirror and reinforce the dynamics that contribute to gender-based violence in the first place, such as victim blaming, decentring the responsibility of perpetrators, and deploying stigmatizing or sensationalizing language that draws upon harmful gender norms and stereotypes about women’s and girls’ ‘appropriate roles’. Overall, the effect of these reporting modalities is to direct the public’s attention towards the behaviour and actions of victims and to suggest that the transgression is in the violation of a gender norm, rather than in the exercise of violence. Evidence from the scholarly literature also highlights that incidents of gender-based violence are largely reported as episodic events or independent incidents of crime, that such reports deploy language that blames the victim by suggesting that she violated established or expected gender norms and rules, and that the level of sensationalism or ‘shock value’ in the case determines its ‘newsworthiness’. Evidence also suggests that reporters still largely neglect to include inputs from gender-based violence, women’s rights or child protection experts. Subsequent sections dig deeper into the evidence of the nexus between news media reporting of violence against girls and the normalization of that violence. This involves analysing some of the more common tropes and stereotypes that circulate in relation to victims and perpetrators, and providing illustrative examples of how these shape interpretations of gender-based violence and its victims. These tropes and stereotypes are also shaped by vectors of intersectional discrimination across regional contexts, and evidence highlights that media reports play a crucial role in reinforcing hierarchies by differentiating between ‘types’ of victims (where some victims matter, or matter more than others). Significantly, from the age analysis perspective, evidence from media reports also indicates that there is often an ‘expiration date’ after which girl victims may not ‘count’ as children. Specifically, sexualization in news media coverage of cases of gender-based violence can function as a mechanism to portray adolescent girls as adult women, and thus to obscure not only the gender dimension but also age-based rights violations at play. Notably, while this review identifies a burgeoning literature analysing the dynamics of media reporting on gender-based violence against women and how these relate to the perpetuation of discriminatory gender norms and stereotypes, there is a concerning gap in similar scholarly literature analysing these dynamics in relation to girls. Specifically, while there is a rich body of literature that includes gender and intersectional analyses of media reporting of gender-based violence, research that centres the age-related lens and analysis alongside the gender lens is relatively thin or nascent. The final section spotlights the range of existing frameworks and guidelines for promoting more gender- and age-sensitive as well as victim-/survivor-centred reporting. It notes that, while there is a relatively clear path forward in terms of what needs to be done to drive positive change, a pressing gap remains in how to incentivize and ensure uptake and implementation of these frameworks and strategies for more responsible reporting of GBV within and across media organizations and among media practitioners. This section leverages insights from stakeholders, as well as the literature, to flag additional ‘enablers’ that may be key to unlocking the potential within these existing frameworks. These include dynamics that may have more or less impact at scale, including the values and commitments of individual journalists, networks of feminist journalists and gender editors, the presence of strong feminist and women’s movements that mobilize civil society in response to cases of violence and push for greater accountability from the state and media organizations, and advocacy and engagement with local news organizations and media practitioners by international organizations. Reflecting on the evidence, the review concludes by suggesting that achieving the kinds of changes needed to enable more gender- and age-sensitive reporting will require a combination of formal and informal mechanisms, strategies, and long-term efforts and investments. These need to acknowledge that, even though gender norms and stereotypes are ‘sticky’ and take time to change, the vast sphere of influence of news reporting, and of the media more broadly, means that it presents a tremendous opportunity and entry point for catalysing positive changes in how gender-based violence against girls is represented, and thus how we as a society interpret and respond to it." (Overview, pages 7-8) more

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Informe especial niñas y niños 2022

México, DF: Instituto Federal de Telecomunicaciones (IFT) (2022), 39 slides

"Este informe presenta el panorama de la oferta de contenidos audiovisuales dirigida a y utilizada por niñas e niños mexicanos en televisión abierta y restringida." (commbox)

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Kinder- und Jugendbuchverlage: Macher, Märkte, Medien

Ulrich Störiko-Blume

Frankfurt am Main: Bramann (2021), 171 pp.

"Der Kinder- und Jugendbuchmarkt ist das zweitgrößte Teilsegment im Bereich der Publikumsverlage. Somit besitzen Kinder- und Jugendbücher nicht nur eine kulturelle Bedeutung, sondern haben auch einen hohen ökonomischen Stellenwert. Während sich das Umsatzvolumen der Belletristik seit der Jahrta ... more

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Buchmarkt China 2020

Buchinformationszentrum (BIZ) Peking (2021), 58 pp.

"Dieser Bericht besteht aus drei Teilen. Im ersten Teil finden sich Informationen über den chinesischen Bucheinzelhandel im Jahr 2020, auf Basis einer im Januar 2021 veröffentlichten Marktanalyse von Open Book. Der zweite Teil enthält Branchenstatistiken der chinesischen Regierungsbehörden, die ... more

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Online Violence Agianst Children in Sri Lanka: A National Research on Incidence, Nature and Scope

Nishara Fernando, M. A. M. Hakeem, Wasantha Seneviratne, Malith De Silva, Jerome Cooray

Colombo: State Ministry of Women and Child Development; Save the Children; World Vision (2021), v, 94 pp.

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Informe ejecutivo del estudio Infancia y medios audiovisuales: Apropiación, usos y actitudes

Bogotá: Comisión de Regulación de Comunicaciones (CRCOM) (2021), 71 pp.

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Parenting Generation Screen: Guiding Your Kids to Be Wise in a Digital World

Jonathan McKee

Colorado Springs (CO): Focus on the Family Publishing (2021), 196 pp.

"Prioritizing connection over correction, 'Parenting Generation Screen' is a guide for parents that will equip you with key questions and conversations to help you process screen limits with and for your kids. You’ll learn how to dialogue in meaningful ways about social media, entertainment, and s ... more

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Locked down and online: Teenagers’ wellbeing and online lives in the COVID-19 winter lockdown 2020-21

Adrienne Katz, Aiman El Asam

Youthworks (2021), 36 pp.

"The Cybersurvey is an annual survey exploring online life and wellbeing among 11-17year olds. Data is gathered in the autumn term. In 2020/21 collection lasted from November 2020 until February 2021. Wellbeing year on year 2019/2020: More young people said they had a mental health difficulty in 202 ... more

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The Routledge Companion to Digital Media and Children

Lelia Green, Donell Holloway, Kylie Stevenson, Tama Leaver, Leslie Haddon (eds.)

New York; London: Routledge (2021), xxv, 603 pp.

"This collection investigates and critiques the dynamism of children's lives online with contributions fielding both global and hyper-local issues, and bridging the wide spectrum of connected media created for and by children. From education to children's rights to cyberbullying and youth in challen ... more

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Trabalho Infantil: Guia para a Cobertura Jornalística

Brasília: Organização Internacional do Trabalho (OIT); Ministério Público do Trabalho (MPT); ANDI Comunicação e Direitos (2021), 70 pp.

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New Quality Criteria for TV Channels and TV Narrative

Valerio Fuenzalida

English Language, Literature & Culture, volume 6, issue 1 (2021), pp. 1-6

"In this article, I discuss that quality TV for the specific children audience can be described with some new quality indicators afforded by child neuroscience and child epigenetic development; there is a reappreciation of the ludic and emotional genetic abilities of child brain to enjoy and compreh ... more

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Global Threat Assessment 2021

WeProtect Global Alliance (2021), 99 pp.

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Harnessing the Power of Technology and Digital Innovation for Children

New York: UNICEF (2021), 71 pp.

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Giga: Empowering communities in Asia and the Pacific through school connectivity

Geneva: ITU (2021), ix, 92 pp.

"Giga, a joint collaboration between ITU and UNICEF, is an initiative to connect every young person in the world to information, opportunity and choice. Devised before the onslaught on COVID-19, the project addresses the underlying inequities in access to the Internet. However, it is also a platform ... for creating the infrastructure necessary to provide digital connectivity to an entire country, for every community and for every citizen. With schools as a focal point, Giga seeks to build robust digital ecosystems, so communities everywhere can cope with shocks such as COVID-19 and ensure that no one is left behind. To achieve this goal, Giga builds on four pillars: map, finance, connect, empower. Map. Mapping of schools helps identify the connectivity problems and gauge the magnitude of the challenge in each country. Top-down and bottom-up approaches to mapping school connectivity support this endeavour [...] Connect. There are various infrastructure and technology solutions available that could bring affordable connectivity to the unconnected schools identified by the mapping exercise, including established technologies such as Wi-Fi, satellite, and fibre [...] Finance. The selection of appropriate financing mechanisms depends on the magnitude of the challenge. The costing analysis can only take place after mapping connectivity gaps and determining fit-for-purpose connectivity solutions. Government budgets or universal service funds (USFs) could address small- to medium-sized connectivity gaps [...] Empower. Bringing connectivity to schools will have a limited impact if e-learning solutions are not in place and if educators do not have the digital skills to empower learners. There are many case studies from Asia and the Pacific of initiatives that aim to empower digital learning [...] Giga has made significant progress since its launch. It is already active in 17 countries in three regions. Countries in Asia and the Pacific are next to join the Giga initiative. Several countries have expressed interest, including Bhutan, Pakistan, Mongolia, Bangladesh, Papua New Guinea, Vanuatu and Fiji. Each country has its own opportunities and challenges in terms of extending connectivity. The review of policies, regulatory environment, school connectivity initiatives and availability of connectivity data in potential Giga countries and the assessment of use cases strongly indicate that there is significant promise for the expansion of Giga in the region." (Executive summary, pages vi-vii) more

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Practicing critical media literacy education with/for young migrants: Lessons learned from a participatory action research project

Hemmo Bruinenberg, Sanne Sprenger, Sanne Omerovic, Koen Leurs

International Communication Gazette, volume 83, issue 1 (2021), pp. 26-47

"To what extent can critical media literacy education acknowledge and strengthen young migrants’ resilience? In this article, we evaluate the Netherlands-based participatory action research project Critical media literacy through making media. Gathered empirical data include participant observatio ... more

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The Truth Gap: How Misinformation and Disinformation Online Affect the Lives, Learning and Leadership of Girls and Young Women

Sharon Goulds et al.

Surrey: Plan International (2021), 46 pp.

"We surveyed over 26,000 girls and young women in 26 countries. 91% of girls and young women surveyed are concerned about misinformation and/or disinformation online. 40% of those surveyed are extremely or very concerned. Misinformation and disinformation are having a negative impact on 87% of the g ... more

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YouTube-Familien-Checkliste

klicksafe (2021), 1 p.

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Digital Misinformation / Disinformation and Children

Philip N. Howard, Lisa-Maria Neudert, Nayana Prakash

UNICEF (2021), 35 pp.

"Children can be targets and objects of mis/disinformation, spreaders or creators of it, and opponents of mis/disinformation in actively seeking to counter falsehoods. There is insufficient data available to researchers and policymakers to get a clear and comprehensive picture of how susceptible chi ... more