Safety of Journalists CFOM Sheffield

The Centre for Freedom of the Media (CFOM) at the University of Sheffield (UK) is an interdisciplinary research centre with global outreach on issues of media freedom, journalism safety, editorial standards and impunity. During the 2022 Academic Consultation on the UN Plan of Action on the Safety of Journalists and the Issue of Impunity, CFOM conducted a literature stocktake to scope out academic literature published in the area of media freedom, journalism safety and impunity. CFOM collated this information and produced a literature database organised by themes or countries for accessibility. The collection is especially strong on country- and region-specific safety issues and on surveys of emotional wellbeing of journalists. This special collection is curated by gemma.horton@sheffield.ac.uk.

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Egyptian Journalists’ Perceptions of Digital Journalism Training Effectiveness

Nagwa Fahmy, Maha Abdulmajeed Attia

Sage Open, issue January-March (2024), 20 pp.

"This study examines the perceptions of Egyptian journalists of the effectiveness of professional training in digital journalism and determines the training-needs of journalists to adapt to innovative journalism practices. The study applies mixed descriptive methods based on The Motivation–Hygiene ... more

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Press Freedom Under Siege: Women Journalists in Mexico

Lucía Elisa Miguel Osorio, María José de Icaza

Potsdam: Friedrich Naumann Foundation; Article 19 (2024), 15 pp.

"The abuse and harassment against women journalists has become increasingly frequent and more coordinated in Mexico. As demonstrated throughout this study, it aims to threaten, silence, and stigmatize women journalists, with the potential to keep them out of public spaces. Despite the importance of ... more

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Independent Online Journalists' Harassment and the Emotional Repercussions

Nyasha Cefas Zimuto, Tinashe Murape

In: Patterns of Harassment in African Journalism

Lungile Augustine Tshuma, Trust Matsilele, Mbongeni Jonny Msimanga, Sadia Jamil (eds.)

London; New York: Routledge (2024), pp. 109-123

"Communication the world over is a vital cog in communities. The sender and the receiver play different and complementary roles in information dissemination. Be that as it may, many contemporary information senders are faced with different forms of harassment. The advent of social media has seen a r ... more

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“We don’t believe in [the] Coronavirus; we believe in Allah. Whatever happens, it happens from Allah”: Pakistani media’s response to countering conspiracy theories during the COVID-19 pandemic

Madeeha Naz, Amir Hamza Marwan

Newspaper Research Journal, volume 46, issue 1 (2024), pp. 6-28

"This study examines the coverage of the COVID-19 pandemic by the four leading newspapers of Pakistan—Dawn, The News, Daily Times and The Nation—when they were responsible for informing and educating the public during a health crisis hit by conspiracy theories. The researchers utilized content a ... more

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Unveiling journalistic resilience: A blueprint for future crises

Syed Mubashar Hussain Shah, Babar Hussain Shah

Journalism, volume 26, issue 11 (2024), pp. 2480-2499

"This research article presents an examination of the findings and recommendations drawn from a series of focus group discussions (FGDs) with senior journalists. The main aim was to develop a strategy to safeguard the skills and well-being of journalists in the face of potential future pandemics or ... more

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Challenges to journalism safety education in Pakistan: Proposing a new theoretical model

Rabia Noor

Media Practice and Education, volume 25, issue 3 (2024), pp. 286-301

"This article explores the challenges faced by the media education and curricula development in Pakistan, and how the safety of journalists is apportioned in the courses and curriculum of mass communication in different universities. The study uses a mixed method research, including quantitative app ... more

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Coping into Self-Censorship: Exploring Coping Strategies of Journalists Working in South Sudan

John Gai Alier, Samuel Kazibwe, Fred Kakooza

In: Patterns of Harassment in African Journalism

Lungile Augustine Tshuma, Trust Matsilele, Mbongeni Jonny Msimanga, Sadia Jamil (eds.)

London; New York: Routledge (2024), pp. 203-222

"Local journalists in South Sudan have faced enormous threats from security groups, politicians and powerful individuals in the country. These threats have made the work of the press difficult. Despite the precarious security situation, some journalists have had the courage to continue working in So ... more

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Evaluating the Legal Protections for Journalists in China: Challenges and Recommendations for Strengthening Press Freedom

Zhijie Chen

Law & Economy, volume 3, issue 5 (2024), pp. 33–40

"This paper examines the current state of legal protections for journalists in China, focusing on the challenges they face and proposing comprehensive recommendations to enhance press freedom. It analyzes the historical evolution of these protections, the existing legal framework, and compares them ... more

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The digital media environment in Indonesia: Online gender-based violence. The experience, impact, and challenges of online gender-based violence against women journalists in Indonesia

Yovantra Arief, Ayu Regina Yolandasari

ABC International Development; Remotivi (2024), 42 pp.

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Voices from Exile: The Safety Needs of Myanmar Women Journalists

Yucca Wai, Joseph Andersson

Exile Hub (2024), 104 pp.

External Link (38)

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How News Organizations Cultivate and Maintain Sexist Newsrooms via Gendered Journalistic Norms, Sexual Harassment, and the Boys’ Club

Lindsey E. Blumell, Dinfin Mulupi

Women's Studies in Communication, volume 47, issue 3 (2024), pp. 268-291

"This study used in-depth interviews and focus groups of editors and journalists in Kenya (N*=*55) to show how news organizations fail to prioritize gender equality. All participants identified a gendered hierarchy in newsrooms, which participants believed connects to other inequalities such as stor ... more

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Southern European press challenges in a time of crisis: A cross-national study of Bulgaria, Cyprus, Greece and Malta

Lada Trifonova Price, Marilyn Clark, Lambrini Papadopoulou, Theodora A. Maniou

Journalism, volume 25, issue 11 (2024), pp. 2420-2439

"The implications of the COVID-19 pandemic for newsrooms across the world range from severe economic hardship to increased threats to press freedom. The “perfect storm” that engulfed the media and journalists globally has threatened and continues to challenge their existence, and the core of the ... more

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Comparing Risks to Journalism: Media Criticism in the Digital Hate

David Cheruiyot

Digital Journalism, volume 12, issue 3 (2024), pp. 294-313

"This study examines digital media criticism—publicly shared evaluations and judgements of journalistic text and actors on various digital platforms—as a risk to journalism. It specifically interrogates how journalists negotiate the diverse nature of criticism in digital spaces and in a comparat ... more

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Negotiating between gender, national and professional identities: The work-experience of Israeli-Palestinian women journalists

Einat Lachover

Ethnicities, volume 24, issue 1 (2024), pp. 123-141

"This paper analyzes the work experience of Israeli-Palestinian women journalists who reside and work in Israel for local news organizations or non-Israeli news agencies. It focuses on their experiences related to the intersected axes of their gender, ethnic, and national identities. Through themati ... more

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Time to Act: Measures of Curbing Harassment of Journalists in African Newsrooms

Bhekizulu Tshuma, Lungile Tshuma

In: Patterns of Harassment in African Journalism

Lungile Augustine Tshuma, Trust Matsilele, Mbongeni Jonny Msimanga, Sadia Jamil (eds.)

London; New York: Routledge (2024), pp. 239-251

"This chapter discusses the safety measures that newsrooms should adopt to help fight various forms of harassment. The chapter comes against the background of previous studies having found that newsrooms are ill-prepared to address different forms of harassment. As a result, journalists are left wit ... more

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Journalism as the Fourth Emergency Service: Trauma and Resilience
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Lisa Bradley, Emma Heywood (eds.)

New York et al.: Peter Lang (2024), xviii, 257 pp.

"Journalists have often been considered the "fourth emergency service". They are first on the scene, alongside paramedics, fi re and police, running towards danger rather than away, and providing independent, veritable and crucial information in the public interest. And yet, unlike frontline workers ... more

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Online Harassment, Psychological Stressors, and Occupational Dysfunction among Journalists Working in a Conflict Zone

Sayyed Fawad Ali Shah, Ivana Cvetkovic, Tamar Ginossar, Rahman Ullah, Danish Baber, Autumn Slaughter

Digital Journalism, volume 12, issue 6 (2024), pp. 735-752

"Amid increasing threats and assaults against journalists across the globe, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP) province in northwest Pakistan remains one of the most dangerous places in the world for journalists. Whereas online harassment is increasingly affecting journalists, experiences of online harassment ... more

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Legal Strategies for Protecting Journalists in Conflict Zones

Fatimah Sahdan, Jelena Gregorius

Interdisciplinary Studies in Society, Law, and Politics, volume 3, issue 2 (2024), pp. 25-31

"The safety of journalists in conflict zones remains a critical concern, with myriad risks stemming from both physical and digital threats. This study aims to explore the legal strategies that can effectively protect journalists in these environments, focusing on understanding the existing legal fra ... more

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Safety and security of journalists in Ghana: Policies and journalists’ perception of stakeholders, issues and practices

Michael Yao Wodui Serwornoo

Journal of African Media Studies, volume 16, issue 3 (2024), pp. 285-301

"This study examines the safety and security of journalists in Ghana, assessing their satisfaction with key media stakeholders and the state of press freedom through the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization’s (UNESCO) journalists’ safety indicators. Using a predominan ... more

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The Ethical Revolution: Challenges and Reflections in the Face of the Integration of Artificial Intelligence in Digital Journalism

Tania Forja-Pena, Berta García-Orosa, Xosé López-García

Communication & Society, volume 37, issue 3 (2024), pp. 237-254

"The artificial intelligence (AI) tools in editorial departments have become common practice within news organisations, which poses challenges for digital journalism. It treads new terrain for both media professionals and their audiences, and it is safe to assume there is no going back to the way th ... more

Journalism as the Fourth Emergency Service: Trauma and Resilience Top Insights

Journalism as the Fourth Emergency Service: Trauma and Resilience
Top Insights