Safety of Journalists CFOM Sheffield

The Centre for Freedom of the Media (CFOM) at the University of Sheffield (UK) is an interdisciplinary research centre with global outreach on issues of media freedom, journalism safety, editorial standards and impunity. During the 2022 Academic Consultation on the UN Plan of Action on the Safety of Journalists and the Issue of Impunity, CFOM conducted a literature stocktake to scope out academic literature published in the area of media freedom, journalism safety and impunity. CFOM collated this information and produced a literature database organised by themes or countries for accessibility. The collection is especially strong on country- and region-specific safety issues and on surveys of emotional wellbeing of journalists. This special collection is curated by gemma.horton@sheffield.ac.uk.

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Byte Back: A Journalists' Guide to Combat Cyber Harassment in South Asia

Geeta Seshu, Laxmi Murthy

International Federation of Journalists (IFJ); South Asia Media Solidarity Network (SAMSN) (2017), 8 pp.

"[...] This is a guide to provide support and advice based on shared experience of others worldwide and includes handy links to other research and IFJ resources. With courage, wit and sheer determination, we’ve seen many journalists demonstrate how to take on trolls, call them out, respond to pate ... more

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What if ...? Safety Handbook for Women Journalists: Practical Advice Based on Personal Experience

Abeer Saady

International Association of Women in Radio and Television (IAWRT) (2017), 89 pp.

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Une personne attaquée, tous concernés: Initiatives exemplaires de protection des journalistes et de lutte contre l'impunité
Top Insights

Larry Kilman

Paris: UNESCO (2017), 98 pp.

"Ce rapport met en lumière une sélection de voies et moyens novateurs et efficaces grâce auxquels des entreprises de presse, des journalistes et des organisations de la société civile se regroupent pour améliorer la sécurité des journalistes. Ce sont des cas de gens qui prennent des initiati ... more

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IPDC’s Role in the Promotion of the Safety of Journalists: A Way Forward

Silvia Chocarro Marcesse

Paris: UNESCO (2016), 20 pp.

"The IPDC has played a significant role in the promotion of the safety of journalists in recent years, contributing to and building on the momentum around journalists’ safety issues. However, developing a specific IPDC strategy with the aim of maintaining the momentum, and making full use of its p ... more

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Safety Guide for Journalists: A Handbook for Reporters in High-Risk Environments

Paris: Reporters Without Borders; UNESCO (2015), 143 pp.

"The Safety Guide for Journalists issued by Reporters Without Borders is aimed at providing guidelines and practical advice for all those who risk running into an enemy of press freedom on a street corner or on a deserted road. Such a situation can quickly test the difference between a happy-go-luck ... more

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Guía de protección y prevención de la violencia contra mujeres periodistas en los ámbitos profesional y laboral

Arturo Márquez Murrieta, Mauricio Márquez Murrieta, Daniela Hernández Miranda

Xalapa, Veracruz: Secretaria de Desarrollo Social (SEDESOL); Institutio Nacional de Desarrollo Social (Indesol); Instituto Veracruzano de las Mujeres (IVM) (2013), 61 pp.

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Handbook for Journalists

Paris: Reporters Without Borders; UNESCO (2010), 108 pp.

"This handbook is to help journalists working in war zones. There is no magic way to avoid a rocket attack or an ambush, but the tips here are based on common sense (which is too often ignored) and should help many journalists solve a lot of problems. We present basic press freedom documents, declar ... more

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Live news: Guide de survie à l’usage des journalistes
Key Guidance

Peter McIntyre

Brussels: Fédération Internationale des Journalistes (FIJ) (2005), 139 pp.

"La FIJ mène depuis de nombreuses années une campagne pour le renforcement de la sécurité et pour la défense des journalistes autochtones et des freelances, car ce sont eux qui sont exposés aux risques les plus importants et qui bénéficient du moins de protection. Les choses commencent à bo ... more

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2024 Assistance report: Protecting exiled journalists is crucial for press freedom

Victoria Lavenue, Maxine Singeot, Coline Raffaelli, Emmanuelle Dareys, Matéo Pellerin

Paris: Reporters Without Borders (2025), 15 pp.

External Link (33)

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WorldCat (32)

Safety of Journalists in the Run-Up to the 2023 Elections in Zimbabwe

Nkosini Aubrey Khupe, Mphathisi Ndlovu

In: Patterns of Harassment in African Journalism

Lungile Augustine Tshuma, Trust Matsilele, Mbongeni Jonny Msimanga, Sadia Jamil (eds.)

London; New York: Routledge (2024), pp. 223-238

"In March 2023, a Zimbabwean government official caused a storm after threatening journalists with arrests for reporting on an Al Jazeera documentary that exposed alleged money laundering, gold smuggling and other criminal activities in the country. Journalists and media groups interpreted these utt ... more

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Journalists in the midst of full-scale war: Report on Ukraine

Ievgeniia Oliinyk, Tetiana Gordiienko, Dariya Orlova et al.

Human Rights Platform; Solidarity Fund PL (2024), 80 pp.

External Link (34)

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Spurring or Blurring Professional Standards? The Role of Digital Technology in Implementing Journalistic Role Ideals in Contemporary Newsrooms

Cornelia Mothes, Claudia Mellado, Sarah Van Leuven et al.

Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly, volume 102, issue 1 (2024), pp. 88-119

"This study examines the perceived relevance and implementation of competing normative ideals in journalism in times of increasing use of digital technology in newsrooms. Based on survey and content analysis data from 37 countries, we found a small positive relationship between the use of digital re ... more

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“Journalists are Prepared for Critical Situations … but We are Not Prepared for This”: Empirical and Structural Dimensions of Gendered Online Harassment

Susana Sampaio-Dias, Maria João Silveirinha, Bibiana Garcez, Filipa Subtil, João Miranda, Carla Cerqueira

Journalism Practice, volume 18, issue 2 (2024), pp. 301-318

"This article discusses online harassment against women journalists exploring self-reported incidents, effects, and trust in safety mechanisms. Drawing on twenty-five semi-structured interviews of women journalists in Portugal, we use a feminist and critical realist framework to explore the causal s ... more

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The Cost of Dissent in a Governance System Characterized by ‘Political Marketplace': A Phenomenological Study of Independent Journalists in Ethiopia

Abdissa Zerai, Getachew Dinku, Desalegn Aynalem

In: Patterns of Harassment in African Journalism

Lungile Augustine Tshuma, Trust Matsilele, Mbongeni Jonny Msimanga, Sadia Jamil (eds.)

London; New York: Routledge (2024), pp. 158-185

"The chapter examines the cost of dissent in a governance system that is structured by ‘political marketplace.’ Informed by Alex de Waal ‘political marketplace’ conceptual framework and employing a phenomenological approach, the chapter chronicles the lived experiences of nine independent jo ... more

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Media Freedom and Safety of Journalists in South Asian Countries: An Overview

Arulchelvan Sriram, Amit Verma

In: Handbook of Digital Journalism: Perspectives from South Asia

Surbhi Dahiya, Kulveen Trehan (eds.)

Cham: Springer (2024), pp. 565-575

"In the digital world, every profession has seen a massive transformation in terms of working mechanisms, approaches to the problem, dealing with prospects, moving forward to conceptualising the solution and so on. Likewise, the media field has also seen a massive transformation. The working pattern ... and the types of problems employees face also become a significant threat to many media professionals, especially journalists. The threat to journalists is a significant hindrance today to the younger generation, and journalism has become one of the dangerous professions, citing the transformation and risks involved. In many countries, especially in South Asia, journalists face surveillance, legislation, threats, violence, conflicts, workplace harassment, intimidation, impersonation, forced detention, kidnapping and killing, which affect their work patterns and result in a lack of free speech and press freedom. Many countries have faced allegations dealing with journalist threats in the last 25 years. Especially women journalists today face various consequences inside and outside the organisation when they are physically and emotionally at work. The war and conflict zone reporting also burdens the journalists, who must undergo safety and security training to mitigate the risks. Digital surveillance, safety and security concerns for journalists are increasing internally and externally. Hence, many organisations are training their journalists to secure them from risks by assessing complications and processes involved in their duty. The high increase in insecurities and threats has become a potential area to study. This study will assess journalist’s risks and threats in South Asian countries. The level of media freedom, the measures taken by the media organisations/government to manage risk, journalist’s current situation, work culture, protection level in different countries, and different types of risks (physical, psychological, financial, digital, gender-specific, public and legal) evaluated through secondary data. It will help us to understand and evaluate the current situation by comparing different countries in South Asia. The information presented in this research will be helpful for policymaking to secure the journalists from threats." (Abstract) more

External Link (34)

Google Scholar (31)

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Outsourcing Repression: Impunity and Harassment of Journalists in Malawi

Jimmy Kainja

In: Patterns of Harassment in African Journalism

Lungile Augustine Tshuma, Trust Matsilele, Mbongeni Jonny Msimanga, Sadia Jamil (eds.)

London; New York: Routledge (2024), pp. 186-200

"The media sector expanded after the multiparty system’s reintroduction in the 1990s in Malawi. The growth has been enabled by a legal environment in which the Constitution guarantees freedom of expression and the press. The Constitution is the supreme law of the land, meaning that all the laws th ... more

External Link (42)

Google Scholar (36)

WorldCat (33)

Journalism and Safety: An Introduction to the Field

Oscar Westlund, Roy Krøvel, Kristin Skare Orgeret (eds.)

London; New York: Routledge (2024), xi, 311 pp.

"This volume presents key international research on journalism and safety with a focus on conceptual, global, and transnational approaches, as well as conflict, challenges, and consequences for democracy. It offers an overview of the latest research and ongoing developments in the field of journalis ... more

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Press and planet in danger: Safety of environmental journalists – trends, challenges and recommendations

Kristjan Burgess, John-Bosco Maylga, Nadia Anna Mandl

Paris: UNESCO (2024), 18 pp.

"At least 749 journalists, groups of journalists, and news media outlets reporting on environmental issues have been attacked in 89 countries between 2009 and 2023, in all regions of the world. Over 300 attacks occurred in the past five years, marking a 42% increase from the preceding five-year peri ... more

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Safety Training in a War Zone: Effectiveness and Long-Term Impact: HEFAT Evaluation Study

2402 Foundation; Daily Humanity (2024), 27 pp.

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A Snapshot of Violence and Criminalization against Journalists in Indonesia: Enhancing the Safety of Journalists

Marcella Elwina Simandjuntak, Petrus Soerjowinoto, Emilia Metta Karunia Wijaya, Hana Mumtazah

Indonesian Journal for Criminal Law Studies, volume 9, issue 1 (2024), pp. 71-98

"The global importance of the press and freedom of speech in promoting democracy, good governance, and human development is widely recognized. Unfortunately, despite being crucial for the advancement of democracy, violence against journalists in Indonesia and other countries continues to increase. I ... more

Une personne attaquée, tous concernés: Initiatives exemplaires de protection des journalistes et de lutte contre l'impunité Top Insights

Live news: Guide de survie à l’usage des journalistes Key Guidance

Une personne attaquée, tous concernés: Initiatives exemplaires de protection des journalistes et de lutte contre l'impunité
Top Insights

Live news: Guide de survie à l’usage des journalistes
Key Guidance