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Journals
Output Type
Journalism and self-censorship in the insecure democracies of Central America
"This chapter focuses on the context of violence and political polarization in three Central American countries: Guatemala, Honduras and El Salvador, and analyses how these conditions negatively affect press freedom and the practice of journalism. The author argues that the notion of “insecure dem
...
Pushing a Political Agenda: Harassment of French and African Journalists in Côte d’Ivoire’s 2010-2011 National Election Crisis
International Journal of Communication, volume 14 (2020), pp. 472-490
"Côte d’Ivoire’s national election in 2010 descended into civil war into 2011 when incumbent President Laurent Gbagbo refused to concede the presidency to the internationally recognized winner Alassane Ouattara. The three political players in this election—the parties of Ouattara, Gbagbo, and
...
Making Sense of Journalists' Safety and Media Freedom in Egypt Between Different Types of Threats and the Ruling Legislative Context: Multi-Analytical study
In: Handbook of Research on Combating Threats to Media Freedom and Journalist Safety
Hershey, PA: IGI Global (2020), pp. 172-185
"This study seeks to investigate different types of threats which affect the journalists' safety in Egypt and how do they manage their work in the presence of the diverse threats. The study analyzes the Egyptian legislative framework in order to explain whether it protects media freedom and journali
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Arab Resistance in the diaspora: Comparing the Saudi dissident and the Egyptian whistleblower
Journal of Arab & Muslim Media Research, volume 13, issue 1 (2020), pp. 31-49
"While much research on Arab and Muslim diasporas in the West focuses on the War(s) on Terror, in this article, we explore how two particular diasporic groups, Egyptian and Saudi activists, work to shape public perceptions of the authoritarian regimes in their countries of origin. Contextualizing th
...
Female Journalists’ Experience of Online Harassment: A Case Study of Nepal
Media and Communication, volume 8, issue 1 (2020), pp. 47-56
"This study examines the experiences of female journalists in Nepal in the context of rapidly growing expansion of broadband Internet. By examining the findings of the qualitative in-depth interview of 48 female journalists, it argues that online platforms are threatening press freedom in Nepal, mai
...
On media censorship, freedom of expression and the risks of journalism in Mexico
Information Development, volume 35, issue 4 (2019), pp. 666-670
"We present a classification of the types of censorship of media to frame the various issues that journalism and freedom of expression face in Mexico, which mainly include the role of the State in preventing or enforcing censorship, the monopoly of a few corporate groups that control most of the mas
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Safety culture changing visual representations of wars? The case of Afghanistan
Conflict & Communication Online, volume 18, issue 1 (2019), 13 pp.
"In international conflict correspondence safety mechanisms are unequally employed to protect local news-staffs in contrast to international staffs. Arguably, this has had the greatest impact on image production from war zones, exposing local photojournalists to increased dangers. But it also raises
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Violence against Journalists
"This entry introduces the concept of violence against journalists and the press. It synthesizes multiple approaches to the phenomenon to create a comprehensive definition, reviews dimensions of violence and the occupational and individual domains in which they create harm, identifies key findings a
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Intensified Attacks, New Defences: Developments in the Fight to Protect Journalists and End Impunity
Paris: UNESCO (2019), 70 pp.
"The period between 2014 through the end of 2018 has seen 495 journalists killed, according to UNESCO data, which represents an 18% increase in the number of killings as compared to the preceding 5-year period (2009-2013). Based on the number of killings, the most dangerous regions for journalists a
...
Socio-Psychological Effects on Media Professional Standards during Military Operations in Pakistan
Global Social Sciences Review, volume 4, issue 2 (2019), pp. 269-275
"While using qualitative and quantitative techniques, this study analyzes the issues and challenges faced by the journalists while working in the areas going under military operations in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP) and FATA. Based on the hierarchy of influences model, a survey was conducted in Wazirista
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"An overview of current research on the occupational hazards for journalists covering traumatic events, the risk factors that aggravatethose effects, and some suggestions for mitigating those factors." (Introduction)
Where are we now? (Almost) a decade with the UN Plan of Action on the Safety of Journalists and the Issue of Impunity
Conflict & Communication Online, volume 18, issue 1 (2019), 6 pp.
"This article takes UNESCO’s Academic Research Agenda on Safety of Journalists as its point of departure. We present an overview of contributions to a selection of research conferences and academic publications focusing on safety of journalists and categorize them according to the research agenda.
...
The Fixers: Local News Workers and the Underground Labor of International Reporting
New York: Oxford University Press (2019), viii, 226 pp.
"Though news fixers are vital to the practice of international reporting-helping journalists to understand foreign languages, set up compelling interviews, and navigate unfamiliar terrain-their role is rarely made transparent to news audiences. Without news fixers, journalists would struggle to cove
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Elections and Media in Digital Times
Paris: UNESCO (2019), 67 pp.
"The central focus of this study is the dynamic and complex relationship between elections and (digital) media. This choice of focus is explained by the need to safeguard the integrity and credibility of electoral processes, as well as the role of the news media during election periods, in the face
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Impact of Work Environment on Professional Integrity: A Case Study of Journalists in Islamabad
Global Regional Review (GRR), volume 4, issue 4 (2019), pp. 229-237
"This study aims to explore the working environment of Pakistani journalists in Islamabad by analyzing their opinion on media freedom and professional autonomy. It also aims to highlight the limitations and difficulties faced by these journalists while performing their professional duties. To achiev
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"This report specifically examines legal remedies for online attacks against journalists. It looks at three case studies, in Finland, France and Ireland, of female journalists who were viciously attacked online for their work and the ensuing attempts to hold the perpetrators accountable. From an ana
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3rd International Press Freedom Seminar: Off/Online Intimidation of Journalists. Report
Ghent: Ghent University (2019), 6 pp.
"The annual International Press Freedom was, for the third time, organised by the Faculty of Law and Criminology and the Faculty of Political and Social Sciences of Ghent University, Belgium. The seminar gathered speakers from different backgrounds: journalists, academics, and civil society organisa
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The Online Public Sphere in the Gulf: Contestation, Creativity, and Change
Review of Middle East Studies, volume 53, issue 2 (2019), pp. 190-199
"This introductory essay sets the stage for this special issue, which explores how online media has changed the Arabian Gulf region's politics, economies, and social norms. It provides an overview of the most important themes, arguments, and findings tackled in the four essays in this issue, as well
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Fear, trauma and local journalists: Cross-border lessons in psychosocial support for journalists
International Media Support (IMS) (2019), 16 pp.
"95 per cent of journalists killed in armed conflict are locally based journalists. While there has been increasing focus on the physical and digital safety issues these journalists face, there has been less attention towards the need for psychosocial support. Addressing psychosocial needs of local
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#journodefender: Turning Trolling Against Journalists on its Head
Kalmar: Fojo Media Institute (2019), 83 pp.
"This report describes and analyses how online propaganda against journalists across the world - through hate, harassment, threats and fabricated news – undermines independent reporting, sows doubt among the public and makes journalists, in particular female journalists, open for online attacks an
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