Safety of Journalists CFOM Sheffield

The Centre for Freedom of the Media (CFOM) at the University of Sheffield (UK) is an interdisciplinary research centre with global outreach on issues of media freedom, journalism safety, editorial standards and impunity. During the 2022 Academic Consultation on the UN Plan of Action on the Safety of Journalists and the Issue of Impunity, CFOM conducted a literature stocktake to scope out academic literature published in the area of media freedom, journalism safety and impunity. CFOM collated this information and produced a literature database organised by themes or countries for accessibility. The collection is especially strong on country- and region-specific safety issues and on surveys of emotional wellbeing of journalists. This special collection is curated by gemma.horton@sheffield.ac.uk.

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Threats to Media Freedom and the Safety of Journalists in Nigeria

Umaru A. Pate, Sharafa Dauda

In: Handbook of Research on Combating Threats to Media Freedom and Journalist Safety

Sadia Jamil (ed.)

Hershey, PA: IGI Global (2020), pp. 241-256

"This chapter interrogates long-established and wide-sprung threats to media freedom and journalists' safety in Nigeria. The study used semi-structured interviews to explore field and newsroom experiences. The findings revealed the types of threats to media freedom and journalists' safety, non-exist ... more

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Pioneer decision on safety of journalists in the preceding context

Andrey Rikhter, Deniz Yazici

In: European Yearbook on Human Rights 2019

Philip Czech, Lisa Heschl, Karin Lukas, Manfred Nowak, Gerd Oberleitner (eds.)

Intersentia (2020), pp. 339-368

"This contribution singles out and seeks to analyse the most essential elements of the OSCE Ministerial Council Decision on Safety of Journalists, adopted in Milan on 7 December 2018. Those elements aim to create an enabling environment for the media, in particular, through the compliance with speci ... more

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Safety and self-censorship: Examining their linkage to social media use among Uganda journalists

Florence Namasinga Selnes

In: Journalist Safety and Self-Censorship

Ingrid Fadnes, Anna Grøndahl Larsen, Roy Krøvel (eds.)

London; New York: Routledge (2020), pp. 164-180

"This chapter’s point of departure lies in its focus on how journalists and media organizations navigate through unsafe environments and avoid self-censorship. The study specifically explores the connection between safety and self-censorship and journalist’s deployment of social media in the Uga ... more

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What Dampen the Indonesian Journalists' Freedom and Safety in the Post-Soeharto New Order?

Gilang Desti Parahita, Nyarwi Ahmad

In: Handbook of Research on Combating Threats to Media Freedom and Journalist Safety

Sadia Jamil (ed.)

Hershey, PA: IGI Global (2020), pp. 83-105

"This study investigates factors that dampens the Indonesian journalists' freedom and safety in the Post-Soeharto's New Order. To address this research objective, relevant journal articles have been scrutinized. And the in-depth interview data have been derived from the interviews of a former member ... more

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Illegal assaults and treatment of journalists: A big challenge to the journalism profession in Nigeria

Adegboyega Adedolapo Ola

Journal of Aggression, Conflict and Peace Research, volume 12, issue 3 (2020), pp. 151-161

"One of the greatest obstacles confronting the journalism profession in the discharge of their duties is the indiscriminate physical and digital threat being experienced by journalists all over the world, particularly within sub-Saharan Africa. The continuous attacks facing journalists in Africa, mo ... more

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Framework on Police-Media Relations & Safety of Journalists in Ghana

Ghana Police Service; Media Foundation for West Africa (MFWA); National Media Commission (2020), 16 pp.

"[...] the Media Foundation for West Africa (MFWA) and other media actors, in collaboration with the Ghana Police Service, in 2018 began a process to improve relations between the media and the police. As a first step a forum was organised in July 2018 to discuss the safety of journalists and police ... more

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Your Safety as a Journalist Reporting COVID-19

Internews (2020), 3 pp.

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Reading the Investigators their Rights: A review of literature on the General Data Protection Regulation and open-source intelligence gathering and analysis

Anjuli R. Shere

The New Collection, volume 14 (2020), pp. 3-21

"Open-source intelligence gathering and analysis (OSINT) techniques are no longer predominantly the remit of private investigators and journalists. An estimated 80-90% of data analysed by intelligence agencies is also now derived from publicly available material. Additionally, the massive expansion ... more

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Covering Mindanao: The Safety of Local Vs. Non-local Journalists in the Field

Marte Høiby

Journalism Practice, volume 14, issue 1 (2020), pp. 67-83

"In this study, I examine the perilous conditions facing Filipino journalists covering the Mindanao region, focusing on differences in threats and dangers faced by those who are local to the region and those parachuting in from Manila. Using a qualitative approach, I have conducted one group intervi ... more

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How to Protect Journalists and Other Media Actors? Implementation Guide to Recommendation CM/Rec(2016)4 on the Protection of journalism and safety of journalists and other media actors

Council of Europe (2020), 66 pp.

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Arab Resistance in the diaspora: Comparing the Saudi dissident and the Egyptian whistleblower

Sahar Khamis, Randall Fowler

Journal of Arab & Muslim Media Research, volume 13, issue 1 (2020), pp. 31-49

"While much research on Arab and Muslim diasporas in the West focuses on the War(s) on Terror, in this article, we explore how two particular diasporic groups, Egyptian and Saudi activists, work to shape public perceptions of the authoritarian regimes in their countries of origin. Contextualizing th ... more

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Safety of Journalists: Guidebook

William Horsley

Vienna: Office of the Representative on Freedom of the Media Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE), 3rd ed. (2020), 162 pp.

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Multi-Donor Programme on Freedom of Expression and Safety of Journalists: Annual Report, 2019

Paris: UNESCO (2020), 163 pp.

"This progress report presents the main findings and achievements of a self-evaluation exercise conducted by the responsible UNESCO project officers at Headquarters and in the relevant Field Offices." (Page 3)

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Securite et cybersecurité pour les journalistes tunisiens

Centre Africain de Perfectionnement des Journalistes et Communicateurs (CAPJC); Media Up Programme d’Appui aux Médias Tunisiens (2020), 79 pp.

External Link (29)

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What Compels Journalists to Take a Step Back? Contextualizing the Media Laws and Policies of Bangladesh

Janina Islam Abir, Tanbir Farhad Shamim

In: Handbook of Research on Combating Threats to Media Freedom and Journalist Safety

Sadia Jamil (ed.)

Hershey, PA: IGI Global (2020), pp. 38-53

"Reports by international organizations suggest that physical violence and threats against journalists and bloggers continued with impunity in Bangladesh, resulting in the country being ranked as 146 in the World Press Freedom Index 2018. Considering the increasing incidents of violence against jour ... more

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Online Violence Against Women Journalists: A Global Snapshot of Incidence and Impacts
Top Insights

Julie Posetti, Nemine Aboulez, Kalina Bontcheva, Jackie Harrison, Silvio Waisbord

Paris: UNESCO (2020), 17 pp.

"This report presents a snapshot of the first substantial findings from a global survey about online violence against women journalists conducted by UNESCO and the International Center for Journalists (ICFJ) in late 2020. Over 900 validated participants from 125 countries completed the survey in Ara ... more

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Now you [don’t] see me: How have new legislation and changing public awareness of the UK surveillance state impacted OSINT investigations?

Anjuli R. Shere

Journal of Cyber Policy, volume 5, issue 3 (2020), pp. 429-448

"Open-source intelligence (OSINT) gathering and analysis techniques are used by investigators from a variety of fields, owing to their accessibility and exceptional capacity for corroboration. It has previously been argued that proposed data protection legislation can chill the free press, but there ... more

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In the crosshairs: The perils of environmental journalism

Eric Freedman

Journal of Human Rights, volume 19, issue 3 (2020), pp. 275-290

"Journalists covering environmental issues around the globe are at heightened risk of murder, arrest, assault, threats, self-exile, lawsuits, and harassment because environmental controversies often involve influential business and economic interests, political power battles, criminal activities, an ... more

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Emotionality and Professionalism: Exploring the Management of Emotions by Journalists Reporting on Genocide

Caitlin Knight

Sociology, volume 54, issue 3 (2020), pp. 609-625

"The dynamic nature of reporting requires journalists to interrogate their emotions as well as their sense of professionalism. This article focuses on the complex relationship between emotionality and professionalism mediated by journalists who reported on cases of genocide. This extraordinary confl ... more

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Stronger and Safer Together: Motivations for and Challenges of (Trans)National Collaboration in Investigative Reporting in Latin America

Lourdes M. Cueva Chacón, Magdalena Saldaña

Digital Journalism, volume 9, issue 2 (2020), pp. 196-214

"Despite the growing scholarship on investigative journalism in Latin America, very few studies have addressed collaboration across newsrooms in the region. By analyzing the responses of 251 journalists who work for investigative units in Latin American news outlets, this study explores a) the reaso ... more

Online Violence Against Women Journalists: A Global Snapshot of Incidence and Impacts Top Insights

Online Violence Against Women Journalists: A Global Snapshot of Incidence and Impacts
Top Insights