Filter
1003
Featured
Free Access
545
Key Guidance
10
Top Insights
30
Topics
Safety of Journalists, Safety Risks of Media Workers
465
Harassment & Intimidation of Journalists
185
Journalists Dealing with Risks & Threats, Resilience & Wellbeing of Media Workers
176
Female Journalists & Media Workers
132
Media Freedom, Press Freedom
107
Safety of Journalists: Law & Public Policies
78
Conflict Reporting, Armed Conflict Reporting
73
Killings of Journalists & Media Personnel
53
Violence Against Journalists & Media Personnel
53
Self-Censorship
53
Working Conditions of Journalists & Media Personnel
50
Impunity for Crimes Against Journalists & Media Personnel
42
War Reporting
39
Cybersecurity, Digital Safety, Privacy, Right to Privacy
28
Media Assistance: Freedom of Expression & Safety of Journalists
28
Press Freedom & Communication Rights Violations
28
Journalism Education & Training
28
COVID-19 Pandemic: Effects on Journalism, Media & Communication
28
Surveillance, Surveillance Technologies, Spyware
20
Foreign Correspondents
19
Investigative Journalism
19
Gender-Based Online Harassment & Sexual Threats
15
Censorship
13
Gender-Based Harassment, Intimidation & Violence
13
Journalists: Professional Identity & Values
13
Crime & Violence Reporting
12
Humanitarian Law
12
Protests, Protest Movements, Protest Reporting & Media Representation
12
Media Law & Regulation
12
Human Rights Protection
12
COVID-19 Communication
11
Media Law & Regulation: International Standards & Practices
11
Journalism
11
United Nations Plan of Action on the Safety of Journalists and the Issue of Impunity
10
Cyberbullying, Cyberharassment
10
Freelance Journalists & Media Workers
10
Freedom of Expression
9
Countering Defamation & Harassment
9
Media Landscapes, Media Systems, Media Situation in General
9
Law Enforcement, Litigations, Legal Practice, Case Law, Jurisdiction
9
Digital Activism, Cyber Advocacy
8
Local Journalism
8
Election Reporting
8
Authoritarian Regimes: Government Communication Strategies
7
Authoritarian Regimes: Media Systems & Landscapes
7
Legal Threats to Media Freedom
7
Digital Journalism, Online Journalism
7
Editorial Independence
6
Exile Journalism, Exile Media
6
Citizen Journalism, Community Journalism
6
Conflict Areas: Media Systems, Media Landscapes, Role of Media
6
Social Media in Political Communication
6
Countering Hate Speech, Disinformation & Propaganda
6
Journalism Ethics
6
United Nations (UN)
6
Photojournalism
6
Media Capture, Vested Political & Other Interests in the Media
6
Freedom of Expression Lobbying & Communication Rights Campaigning
5
Conflict-Sensitive & Peace Journalism
5
Foreign Conflict Reporting, International War Reporting
5
Trauma: Media Representation & Reporting
5
Journalistic Social Media Use
5
Media Viability & Financial Sustainability
5
Emergency Medical Aid
5
Russia: Foreign Information Operations, International Broadcasting, Public Diplomacy
5
UNESCO
5
Stringers & Fixers (Journalism)
5
Diversity & Pluralism in Media / Communication
5
Human Rights Violations
5
Police
5
Democracy / Democratization and Media
5
Research in Media & Communication
5
Access to Public Information, Freedom of Information, Right to Information
4
Advocacy
4
Chilling Effects (Discouragement of Legitimate Exercise of Legal Rights)
4
Freedom of Expression Principles
4
Indirect Censorship, Soft Censorship
4
Strategic Lawsuits Against Public Participation (SLAPP)
4
Military: Communication Strategies & Practices
4
Extremism & Terrorism Reporting
4
Disaster & Humanitarian Crisis Reporting
4
Disinformation, Misinformation, Fake News
4
Feminism & Communication
4
Transnational Journalism Cooperation & News Exchange
4
Council of Europe
4
Journalism Education Curricula
4
Journalists
4
Media Assistance
4
Populism
4
Corruption & Combating Corruption
4
Open Data
3
Authoritarian Regimes, Dictatorships
3
Internet Censorship Circumvention Tools & Strategies
3
Government Communication Strategies
3
Community Radios
3
Iraq War (2003)
3
Russia-Ukraine War <2014-
3
Trauma, Coping with Trauma, Trauma Therapy
3
Documenting Human Rights Violations
3
Accountability & Transparency of the Media
3
Associations & Networks of Journalists
3
Media Reporting, Reporting on Journalism & Communication Issues
3
Television Journalism
3
Media & Communication Policies
3
Post-Socialist Media Systems & Landscapes
3
Migration & Refugees Reporting & (Social) Media Representation
3
Caruana Galizia, Daphne (1964-2017)
3
Right-Wing Extremism
3
Public Media, State Media
3
Networks & Networking
3
User-Generated Contents
3
Civic Engagement, Citizen Participation, Civil Society & Media
2
Gender Advocacy & Empowerment, Gender Mainstreaming
2
Media Advocacy, Media Activism
2
Audience Feedback, Interaction & Participation
2
Independent & Oppositional Media in Authoritarian Regimes
2
Political Cartoons & Comics
2
Film Actors, Directors & Producers, Filmmakers
2
Data Protection: Law & Regulation
2
Media / Communication Control
2
Countering Press Freedom Violations by Legal Actions
2
Crisis Communication
2
Genocides
2
Perpetrators
2
Boko Haram
2
Transitional Justice Reporting
2
Media Criticism
2
Minority Journalists
2
Conspiracy Narratives, Conspiracy Theories
2
Climate Change Communication, Climate Journalism
2
Defamation Law & Regulation
2
Bribery & Corruption in Journalism
2
Objectivity & Veracity of Reporting
2
Fact-Checking & Verification of Sources
2
Gender Discrimination, Gender Inequalities
2
Good Practice Examples
2
Indigenous Journalists & Communicators
2
China: Transnational Information Operations, International Broadcasting, Public Diplomacy
2
Transnational & Comparative Communication Research
2
European Union (EU)
2
UNESCO & IPDC Media Assistance
2
Reporters Sans Frontièrs
2
Journalism Concepts & Cultures
2
Journalism Studies & Research
2
Journalistic Quality
2
Exiled Journalists
2
Corruption Reporting & Role of Media in Curbing Corruption
2
Political Reporting
2
Local Communication & Media
2
Confidential Sources, Whistleblowing, Protection of Journalists' Sources
2
Law & Regulation: Protection of Confidential Sources & Whistleblowers
2
Conflict & War Photography
2
Military
2
Opinion Leaders, Politicians, Decision Makers, Elites
2
Kompas (Newspaper, Indonesia)
2
Islamist Communications & Media
2
Research Methods
2
Crimes, Criminality, Organized Crime
2
Disappeared People, Missing People
2
Resilience
2
Access to Media & Information
1
Access to Media & Information: Migrants, Refugees, Diasporas
1
Access to Information Laws, Right to Information Regulation
1
Editorial Independence: Influence of Advertisers
1
Advocacy Campaigns
1
Civic Engagement, Citizen Participation, Civil Society & Digital Communication
1
Audiences & Users
1
Audience Expectations & Satisfaction
1
Audience Orientation
1
Social Media Analytics, Web Metrics, User Data Analytics
1
Trust in the Media, Credibility of Media
1
Authoritarian Regimes: Transnational Repression
1
Election Campaigns
1
Catholic Media
1
Documentaries, Television Documentaries, Web Documentaries
1
Digital Media Censorship, Control & Filtering, Internet & Social Media Censorship
1
Censorship Circumvention Tools & Strategies
1
State Influence on the Media
1
OSCE Representative of Freedom of the Media
1
Government / State Advertising: Allocation Policies & Regulation
1
Alternative Communication & Media
1
Conflicts: Victims' Perspectives
1
Terrorism
1
Gaza War (2023-)
1
Humanitarian Interventions
1
Iraq-Kuwait Gulf War (1990-1991)
1
War Crimes
1
Conflict-Sensitive / Peace Communication
1
Dealing With the Past
1
Human Rights Protection & Violations: Media Representation & Reporting
1
Information Warfare, Psychological Warfare
1
Media Assistance in Conflict Regions & Fragile Countries
1
Violence in the Media
1
Discourse & Discourse Analysis
1
Theatre
1
Financing Nonprofit Organizations
1
International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC)
1
Sustainable Development Goals (SDG)
1
Algorithms & Big Data
1
Data Journalism, Computer-Assisted Investigative Reporting
1
Digital Media Startups
1
Digital Platform & Intermediaries Regulation
1
Digital & Information Literacy
1
Digital Political Communication
1
Online Magazines & Newspapers
1
Social Media
1
Content Moderation & Regulation: Social Media
1
Democratization & Digital Media / Social Media
1
Facebook
1
Twitter & Microblogs
1
Trolling (Social Media)
1
AI in Journalism & Media
1
Generative AI, including ChatGPT et al.
1
Digitalisation, Online Communication & Democracy / Democratization
1
Diaspora Media
1
Prisoners & Communication / Media
1
Racism
1
Religious Minorities & Media
1
Romani People
1
Disaster & Humanitarian Crisis Communication
1
Earthquakes, Floods, Tsunamis, Natural Disasters
1
Disinformation & Misinformation Law & Regulation
1
Election Campaigns: Disinformation & Misinformation
1
Foreign Disinformation, Foreign Information Manipulation Operations, Foreign Propaganda
1
Gendered Disinformation
1
Health Disinformation & Misinformation
1
Identifying & Researching Disinformation
1
Media Literacy: Disinformation, Fake News, Hate Speech
1
Media Commercialisation
1
Media Concentration
1
Media Ownership
1
Political Economy of Media
1
Public Goods, Commons
1
Infotainment, Politainment
1
Sports, Sports & Media, Sports Reporting
1
Environmental Journalism
1
Environmental & Land Conflicts Reporting & Media Representation
1
Defamation, Libel, Slander
1
Defamation: Effects on Victims
1
Bias in News Media
1
Self-Regulation of Media
1
Evaluation Criteria, Evaluation Indicators
1
Self-Assessment, Self-Evaluation
1
Gender and Media, Gender and Communication
1
Female Opinion Leaders, Politicians, Decision Makers
1
Gender-Based Harassment, Intimidation & Violence: Media Representation & Reporting
1
Gender Representation & Stereotypes in the Media
1
Media Assistance: Gender Focus
1
Health Journalism
1
Mental Health (General)
1
History of Journalism
1
History of the Press
1
Foreign Countries: Reporting & Media Representation
1
Foreign News, International News
1
International Media Associations / Organizations
1
Transnational Media Corporations, International Media Companies
1
OSCE
1
International Federation of Journalists (IFJ)
1
Collaborative Journalism, Journalism Cooperation
1
Constructive Journalism, Solution-Oriented Journalism
1
Journalism Studies: Research Projects
1
Vox Pop Interviews
1
Journalistic Skills
1
Journalistic Style & Language
1
Journalists: Trust in Public Institutions
1
Labour Market for Journalists
1
News Agencies
1
Newsroom Management
1
Business & Economics Journalism
1
Court Reporting & Media Representation of Judicial System
1
Death & Grief: Reporting & Media Representation
1
Service Journalism, Consumer Information, Lifestyle Journalism
1
Metaphors
1
Translations & Translating
1
Local Television
1
Media Assistance: Elections
1
Media Assistance: Financial Sustainability & Management
1
Media Assistance: Implementing Organizations
1
International Media Support (IMS) (Media Development NGO, Denmark)
1
Media Assistance: Journalists' Associations, Media Associations
1
Media Assistance: Law & Regulation, Media Policy Consultancies
1
Media Assistance: Media & Information Literacy
1
Media Development Indicators
1
Media & Information Literacy
1
Transition Countries: Media Systems & Media Landscapes
1
Criminal Law & Criminal Prosecution
1
Internet Governance, Internet Policies
1
Law, Legislation, Judiciary (General)
1
Legal Protection
1
Transitional Justice
1
Contracts, Labour Agreements, Service Contracts
1
Forced Migration, Forced Displacement
1
Cadwalladr, Carole (British Investigative Journalist)
1
Khashoggi, Jamal (1958-2018)
1
Ressa, Maria
1
Photographers
1
Hindu Nationalism
1
Political Extremism
1
Fragile / Post-Conflict States
1
Security
1
Personal Safety
1
Parliaments
1
Politics and Media
1
Election Campaigns: Social Media
1
Independent & Oppositional Media
1
Influence of Media on Politics
1
Political Transition and Media
1
Public Spheres
1
Emotions in Communication & Media
1
Media Psychology, Communication Psychology
1
Persuasive Communication
1
Memory, Memorizing
1
Mental Stress
1
Opinion, Opinion Formation, Opinion Change
1
Fundamentalisms (Religious)
1
Communication & Media Indicators
1
Communication & Media Research Associations & Networks
1
Digital Sources
1
Political Indicators
1
Interviewing (Journalistic Genre)
1
Assassination
1
Human Security
1
Sexual Violence & Abuse, Rape
1
COVID-19 Pandemic: Economic, Political and Social Effects
1
Rohingya
1
Blockchain Technologies
1
Open Source Software
1
Telecommunication Law, Regulation & Policies
1
Al-Jazeera
1
Theories of Communication & Media
1
AI & Disinformation
1
Language
Document type
Countries / Regions
Authors & Publishers
Media focus
Publication Years
Methods applied
Journals
Output Type
Journalism and Emotional Work
Journalism Studies, volume 22, issue 12 (2021), pp. 1567-1573
"This essay introduces the special issue entitled Journalism and Emotional Work. It argues the need for a context-sensitive understanding of emotional work in journalism profession. Contributions to the issue elucidate the social context for and the social consequences of emotional work. It demonstr
...
“We Have to act Like our Devices are Already Infected”: Investigative Journalists and Internet Surveillance
Journalism Practice, volume 16, issue 9 (2021), pp. 1849-1866
"Internet surveillance has become a crucial issue for journalism. The “Snowden moment” has shed light on the risks that journalists and their sources face while communicating online and has shown how journalists themselves can be targets of surveillance operations or other forms of malicious dig
...
Journalism's sharp end: Fatal materiality and the algorithms of profit and political extremism
Observatorio (OBS*) Journal, volume 15, issue 2 (2021), pp. 139-156
"This conceptual paper focusses on two fronts forming a broad assault on journalism, extending from more autocratic settings to include liberal democracies, and leading to what is now widely perceived as a crisis in news. We analyze these two attacks by presenting a framework integrating their sourc
...
Safety of journalists in Europe: Threats and best practices to tackle them
San Domenico di Fiesole: European University Institute (2021), 53 pp.
"Journalists around the world face immense threats for doing their job. Although compared to other regions, the situation in Europe is considerably better; many challenges need to be addressed here as well to ensure conducive conditions for the conduct of journalistic work. The present working paper
...
Safety of Journalists in France
In: Safety of journalists in Europe: Threats and best practices to tackle them
San Domenico di Fiesole: European University Institute (2021), pp. 31-42
"The 2020 law for “global security” and the National law enforcement plan (Schéma national du maintien de l’ordre), presented by the Minister of the Interior, meant to address, among other questions, the issue of the safety of journalists during demonstrations. Considering growing defiance an
...
The Platform for the Protection of Journalists: A Mechanism for Cooperation between Non-Governmental Organisations and the Council of Europe
Utrecht Law Review, volume 17, issue 2 (2021), pp. 42-55
"The decrease in journalist safety and media freedom has a negative impact on the rule of law because journalists cannot act as public watchdogs. Its deterioration in Europe during the last decade is a worrying trend for society as a whole. The Council of Europe has tried to fight against it through
...
Protection of Journalists in Armed Conflict: An Insight from the Perspective of International Humanitarian Law
GPH-International Journal of Social Science and Humanities Research, volume 4, issue 6 (2021), pp. 21-30
"War journalism, by the nature of its work, is arguably one of the most dangerous professions in the world. Journalists working in conflict-prone areas are constantly exposed to the inherent threats of the battlefield. Over the period of time, there has been a number of attacks, assaults, and arrest
...
Press Freedom and Cybercrimes: Combating Online Harassment on Digital Media in Nigeria
African Journal of Criminal Law And Jurisprudence, volume 6 (2021), pp. 137-151
"The role of the Media to the growth and development of a democratic society cannot be overemphasized. Over the years, the media have served as a watch dog in every society, prompting the need for International and National legislation protecting the Right to Press Freedom. While attacks and threat
...
"This Situation Report on the “Impact of COVID-19 on Media Freedom, Media Business Viability, and the Safety of Journalists in Southeast Asia” offers an insight into the key impacts of the pandemic on the media across nine countries. The report proposes recommendations for enabling sustainable a
...
Covering conflict: Safety, sanity and responsibility
"The chapter reflects upon reporting conflict based on the author’s own experiences from several decades in the field. Exploring the assessments being made around risk and safety as Head of Newsgathering at the BBC, decisions which have echoes in the themes of this book. Through a personal practic
...
Between Attack and Resilience: The Ongoing Institutionalization of Independent Digital Journalism in Brazil
Digital Journalism, volume 9, issue 2 (2021), pp. 235-254
"Digital journalism in Brazil is dominated by a few big players and has recently been threatened by the country’s challenging political and economic environment. Still, organizational structures promoting independent digital journalism (IDJ) persist. Originally understood as “the blogosphere,”
...
The new constitution freezing the press: Freedom of expression and statutory limitations in Libya
Cogent Arts & Humanities, volume 8, issue 1 (2021), 16 pp.
"This study examined the Libyan conflict which started in 2011 until now. In the same way, the study also focused on how Libyan journalists are fighting for media freedom, particularly in the context of the media laws in the new Constitution of 2017. Through focus group discussions were done with 40
...
Is There a Global Norm for the Protection of Journalists’ Sources?
In: Regardless of Frontiers: Global Freedom of Expression in a Troubled World
New York: Colombia University Press (2021), pp. 116-142
"People frequently provide journalists with information to report to the public. Some don't want their identity revealed. This chapter is about the rules that protect journalists from being compelled to reveal the identities of such people. It examines wether there is a global norm that journalists'
...
Risk, Victimization and Coping Strategies of Journalists in Mexico and Brazil
Sur le Journalisme, About Journalism, Sobre Jornalismo, volume 10, issue 1 (2021), pp. 62-81
"There is a growing recognition that journalists are exposed to dangerous or hazardous working conditions in many places worldwide. These conditions are suggested to be linked to greater macro-related structural risks, including changes to the political economy of news that increase labor precarity,
...
Gender Mainstreaming in the Media: The Issue of Professional and Workplace Safety of Women Journalists in Nepal
In: Handbook of Research on Discrimination, Gender Disparity, and Safety Risks in Journalism
Hershey, PA: IGI Global (2021), pp. 194-210
"Media sector, in Nepal, has been vibrant and it is flourishing across all media outlets with about 1,000 newspapers, 600 radio stations, about five dozen television channels and more than 2,200 online news portals currently in operation across the country. Despite such an impressive figure, the rel
...
Journalism beyond the Coup: Emerging Forms of Digital Journalism Practices in Post-Coup Zimbabwe
Digital Journalism, volume 10, issue 7 (2021), pp. 1198-1218
"Utilizing a constellation of conceptual tenets drawn from critical digital technology theory, field theory and concepts of digital democracy, this article argues that the post-coup period in Zimbabwe has solidified digital journalism practices in three main ways. These are: (i) the consolidation of
...
Threats That Silence: Trends in the Safety of Journalists
Paris: UNESCO (2021), 41 pp.
The Chilling: Assessing Big Tech's Response to Online Violence Against Women Journalists
UNESCO (2021), 35 pp.
"This is an extracted chapter of a wider UNESCO-commissioned global study on online violence against women journalists produced by the Inter-national Center for Journalists (ICFJ). The full-length study will published in 2022. The chapter identifies the role of big tech companies and especially soci
...