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Journals
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"Free Internet" and the Costs to Media Pluralism: The Hazards of Zero-Rating the News
Washington, DC: Center for International Media Assistance (CIMA) (2018), 20 pp.
"In many countries, mobile operators have teamed up with social media platforms to offer free access to specific websites or internet services—including news websites. The most well-known of these offerings, Facebook’s Free Basics, has been explicitly pitched as a way to give citizens in develop
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Bridging the Digital Gender Divide: Include, Upskill, Innovate
Paris: OECD (2018), 150 pp.
"The road ahead is uphill: today worldwide some 327 million fewer women than men have a smartphone and can access the mobile Internet. Women are under-represented in ICT jobs, top management and academic careers and, as shown in this report, men are four times more likely than women to be ICT specia
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Kenyan Women’s Rural Realities, Mobile Internet Access, and “Africa Rising”
Information Technologies & International Development, volume 14, issue Special edition (2018), pp. 33-47
"The term “Africa Rising” is used in popular and academic discourse to describe economic growth in sub-Saharan Africa. Increased mobile phone ownership and access to the Internet figure prominently in this optimistic narrative. However, aspects of this story are being questioned, in particular w
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Theorizing Digital Divides
London: Routledge (2018), vi, 211 pp.
"Although discussion of the digital divide is a relatively new phenomenon, social inequality is a deeply entrenched part of our current social world and is now reproduced in the digital sphere. Such inequalities have been described in multiple traditions of social thought and theoretical approaches.
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"The 43 country reports included in this year’s Global Information Society Watch (GISWatch) capture the different experiences and approaches in setting up community networks across the globe. They show that key ideas, such as participatory governance systems, community ownership and skills transfe
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The Little Data Book on Information and Communication Technology 2018
Washington, DC; Geneva: World Bank; ITU (2018), vi, 240 pp.
"In 2016, there were more than 7.3 billion mobile-cellular subscriptions worldwide. Globally, 3.5 billion people were using the Internet, of which 2.5 billion were from developing countries. Mobile-broadband subscriptions have risen constantly to reach 3.6 billion, while the number of fixed-broadban
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Digital Inclusion: An International Comparative Analysis
Lanham: Lexington Books (2018), xx, 223 pp.
"The volume examines the risks and opportunities of a digital society characterized by the increasing importance of knowledge and by the incessant rise and pervasiveness of information and communication technologies (ICTs). At a global level, the pivotal role of ICTs has made it necessary to rethink
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Universal Service and Access Funds: An Untapped Resource to Close the Gender Digital Divide
Washington, DC: World Wide Web Foundation (2018), 19 pp.
"Over 68% of countries in Africa have a Universal Service and Access Fund (USAF) in place; 62% of these funds are active. Just 3 of the 37 countries with USAFs have universal access policies that explicitly aim to connect women and girls through the fund. Just 23 African countries openly publish det
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Better Connectivity, Better Programs: How to Implement a Broadband Demand Aggregation Program
USAID (2018), 43 pp.
"In 2012, some of the most expensive internet access service in the world was the only way humanitarian organizations could serve the world’s largest refugee community, Dadaab in Kenya. Even though it was founded twenty years earlier, internet access in Dadaab was still inadequate -- slow, ineffic
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The State of ICT in In South Africa
Research ICT Africa (2018), 123 pp.
The State of ICT in In Nigeria 2018
Research ICT Africa (2018), 118 pp.
Connected Women: The Mobile Gender Gap Report 2018
Deep Insights
London: GSMA (2018), 28 pp.
"In low- and middle-income countries women are 10% less likely than men to own a mobile phone. Over 1.2 billion women do not use mobile internet. There is a significant gender gap in mobile usage - particularly for more transformational services. Women in South Asia are 26% less likely to own a mobi
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Free Basics in Real Life: Six Case Studies on Facebook’s Internet “on Ramp” Initiative from Africa, Asia and Latin America
Amsterdam: Global Voices (2017), 35 pp.
According to the executive summary "Facebook’s Free Basics program aims to help bridge the digital divide through a mobile-based platform that allows users to connect to a handful of online services free of charge [...] This paper highlights the following findings: Language: Free Basics does not m
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Beyond Access: Addressing Digital Inequality in Africa
Waterloo, Ontario: Centre for International Governance Innovation (2017), 17 pp.
"Although most Africans remain disconnected from the Internet, and access to broadband services continues to be a central policy issue, the increased availability of broadband services alone will not reduce digital inequality on the continent. While the provision of access to the Internet remains a
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Ascendant India, Digital India: How Net Neutrality Advocates Defeated Facebook’s Free Basics
Media, Culture & Society, volume 40, issue 3 (2017), pp. 415-431
"This article analyzes the 2015 campaign by net neutrality advocates against Facebook’s Free Basics service in India, and argues that their victory can be best understood by analyzing their privileged place in an India that imagines itself high tech and global. The advocates, predominantly tech wo
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Internet Use Barriers and User Strategies: Perspectives from Kenya, Nigeria, South Africa and Rwanda
Research ICT Africa; Mozilla Foundation (2017), 40 pp.
"The study tested the following hypotheses: the use of subsidised services only forms part of data use; people do not move beyond the use of subsidised services; using the internet first through subsidised services leaves people with less of an understanding of the Internet. Using subsidised data fo
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Compromising Connectivity: Information Dynamics Between the State and Society in a Digitizing North Korea
Washington, DC: Intermedia (2017), 97 pp.
"The information and media environment in North Korea continues to evolve quickly. This report demonstrates that the depth and diversity of information and media access channels have grown markedly since the release of A Quiet Opening in 2012. More North Koreans have greater access to a larger varie
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Conceptual Evolution of the Digital Divide: A Systematic Review of the Literature Over a Period of Five Years (2010 – 2015)
World of Media: Journal of Russian Media and Journalism Studies (2017), pp. 41-74
"Throughout the last twenty years the digital divide – a multidimensional concept – has evolved in a manner that takes account of various technological, socio-economic, socio-political, and socio-cultural considerations. The objective of this study is to access recent conceptualizations of the t
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