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Combatting COVID-19 disinformation on online platforms
Paris: OECD (2020), 7 pp.
"Disinformation and misinformation about COVID-19 is quickly and widely disseminated across the Internet, reaching and potentially influencing many people. This policy brief derives four key actions that governments and platforms can take to counter COVID-19 disinformation on platforms, namely: 1) s
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Tackling Disinformation and Infodemics Demands Media Policy Changes
Digital Journalism, volume 8, issue 6 (2020), pp. 855-863
"Disinformation and infodemics have been central for the media policy agenda in most countries and in particular in Europe. Yet, the European Commission has had a soft law approach centralizing obligations to handling information disorder on a content level. This commentary argues that by focusing p
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Pillars of Russia's Disinformation and Propaganda Ecosystem
Washington, DC: U.S. Department of State (2020), 76 pp.
"Russia has operationalized the concept of perpetual adversarial competition in the information environment by encouraging the development of a disinformation and propaganda ecosystem that allows for varied and overlapping approaches that reinforce each other even when individual messages within the
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Behind Closed Curtains: Disinformation on Messenger Services
Potsdam: Friedrich Naumann Foundation (2020), 30 pp.
"Several studies analysed in this paper show that messenger services facilitate and exacerbate the spread of disinformation. Any solution must make allowances for the complexity with which information spreads. The case studies show that a lack of trust in government is a key factor in the proliferat
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Lügen, Hass und Desinformation: Lateinamerika in postfaktischen Zeiten
Perspectivas (Heinrich-Böll-Stiftung), issue 6 (2020), 36 pp.
"In Lateinamerika haben Politiker wie Bolsonaro in Brasilien oder Bukele in El Salvador die Präsidentschaftswahlen nicht zuletzt durch ihre Abgrenzung vom politischen Establishment gewonnen, ungeachtet dessen, dass auch sie schon lange zu diesem von ihnen so diskreditierten Politikbetrieb gehören.
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"The study's findings, based on survey responses and interviews, point towards the poor quality of fact-checking practices in Pakistani newsrooms and stress the urgent need of introducing media literacy trainings to journalists and media practitioners." (Executive summary)
Under the Surface: Covid-19 Vaccine Narratives, Misinformation and Data Deficits on Social Media
First Draft (2020), 95 pp.
"This research demonstrates the complexity of the vaccine information ecosystem, where a cacophony of voices and narratives have coalesced to create an environment of extreme uncertainty. Two topics are driving a large proportion of the current global vaccine discourse, especially around a Covid-19
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Digital Resistance: An Empowering Handbook for Teachers on How to Support Their Students to Recognise Fake News and False Information Found in the Online Environment
Strasbourg: Council of Europe (2020), 88 pp.
"This handbook and additional dossiers, freely available at the Digital Resistance project homepage (www.digi-res.eu), provide all the information teachers need to conduct a short module on the topic of “fake news” in the classroom or other settings with a group of students aged between 14 and 2
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Countering Russian & Chinese Influence Activities: Examining Democratic Vulnerabilities & Building Resiliency
Washington, DC: Center for Strategic & International Studies (CSIS) (2020), v, 31 pp.
"With their heavily censored and restricted civil societies at home, China and Russia exploit the asymmetry of democratic systems by targeting open information environments, freedom of expression, participatory civic discourse, and pluralistic and fluid politics. Democracies have unique vulnerabilit
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Fact Checking vs. Fake News: Guidebook
Bosch Alumni Network (2020), 26 pp.
"Within Bosch Alumni Network, we have decided to seek for advice and expertise of media professionals dealing with fake news, disinformation and information verification. The result was “Fact check vs Fake news”, a three-day workshop on fake-news debunking and fact-checking that took place withi
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Routledge Handbook of Conspiracy Theories
London; New York: Routledge (2020), xx, 680 pp.
"Taking a global and interdisciplinary approach, the Routledge Handbook of Conspiracy Theories provides a comprehensive overview of conspiracy theories as an important social, cultural and political phenomenon in contemporary life. This handbook provides the most complete analysis of the phenomenon
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The 101 of Disinformation Detection
London: Institute for Strategic Dialogue (ISD) (2020), 21 pp.
"Disinformation tactics and the responses in place to try to mitigate them online are changing rapidly. Organisations witnessing or targeted by disinformation therefore require a baseline understanding of the threats posed by disinformation and how to spot them while conducting their work. This tool
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"Disinformation is an endemic and ubiquitous part of politics throughout the Western Balkans, without exception. A mapping of the disinformation and counter-dis in for mation landscapes in the region in the period from 2018 through 2020 reveals three key disinformation challenges: external challenge
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10 Things to Know About Misinformation and Disinformation
London: Overseas Development Institute (ODI) (2020), 13 pp.
"By accident or design, the internet and social media have created the ideal conditions for a huge increase in false information and conspiracy theories. This can cause real harm offline, especially because digital literacy and digital policy are both currently unable to keep up with the pace of cha
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Disinformation, Misinformation, and Fake News in Social Media: Emerging Research Challenges and Opportunities
Cham: Springer (2020), viii, 288 pp.
"This book serves as a convenient entry point for researchers, practitioners, and students to understand the problems and challenges, learn state-of-the-art solutions for their specific needs, and quickly identify new research problems in their domains. The contributors to this volume describe the r
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Die Psychologie des Postfaktischen: Über Fake News, "Lügenpresse", Clickbait & Co.
Deep Insights
Berlin: Springer (2020), ix, 219 pp.
"In diesem Buch werden in 18 Kapiteln Phänomene der Kommunikation im digitalen Zeitalter vorgestellt und die psychologischen Hintergründe anhand von wissenschaftlichen Theorien und Analysen erörtert. Viele Menschen sind verunsichert durch eine Medienwelt, die unausgewogen erscheint (Fake News, L
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Entre información y conspiración: Comunicación digital en tiempos de crisis
Montevideo: Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung (KAS) (2020), 102 pp.
Fake News, the Media & COVID-19 in West Africa
East Legon: Media Foundation for West Africa (MFWA) (2020), 11 pp.
"This report briefly examines the phenomenon of fake news in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic in Anglophone West Africa. It specifically addresses the following areas: fake news trends; how the phenomenon has impacted the work of the media and the fight against the pandemic; measures taken so fa
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Disinformation as Political Communication
Political Communication, volume 37, issue 2 (2020), pp. 145-156
"This introduction to the special issue “Beyond Fake News: The Politics of Disinformation” contains four main sections. In the first, we discuss the major sociopolitical factors that have allowed disinformation to flourish in recent years. Second, we review the very short history of disinformati
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