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Journals
Output Type
Russian Propaganda Hits its Mark: Experimentally Testing the Impact of Russian Propaganda and Counter-Interventions
Santa Monica: RAND Corporation (2020), xv, 86 pp.
"Given the size and scope of the Russian propaganda campaign that targeted the U.S. electorate in 2016, it is critical to understand both the impact of that campaign and the mechanisms that can reduce the impact of future campaigns. This report, the third in a four-part series, describes a study con
...
Disinformation as Political Communication
Political Communication, volume 37, issue 2 (2020), pp. 145-156
"This introduction to the special issue “Beyond Fake News: The Politics of Disinformation” contains four main sections. In the first, we discuss the major sociopolitical factors that have allowed disinformation to flourish in recent years. Second, we review the very short history of disinformati
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Desinformation aufdecken und bekämpfen: Interdisziplinäre Ansätze gegen Desinformationskampagnen und für Meinungspluralität
Baden-Baden: Nomos (2020), 217 pp.
"Was macht Desinformation im deutschsprachigen Internet aus? Wie wirkt Desinformation? Wie kann sie mithilfe technischer Mittel erkannt werden? Was kann und könnte mit regulatorischen und rechtlichen Maßnahmen gegen Desinformation getan werden? Aus den Erkenntnissen von Journalistik, Medienpsychol
...
Was tun gegen Verschwörungsideologien? Eine Hilfestellung für den Alltag, im Privat- oder Berufsleben, Unternehmen oder Verein
Bonn: Bundeszentrale für politische Bildung (bpb) (2020), 8 pp.
"Neben Fake News transportieren Verschwörungsideologien Inhalte, die die Grundwerte offener und demokratischer Gesellschaften angreifen. Folgende Fragen helfen dabei zu verstehen, was hinter den Erzählungen steckt: Wird ein Feindbild konstruiert und wenn ja, wie? Werden antisemitische, rassistisch
...
Pillars of Russia's Disinformation and Propaganda Ecosystem
Washington, DC: U.S. Department of State (2020), 76 pp.
"Russia has operationalized the concept of perpetual adversarial competition in the information environment by encouraging the development of a disinformation and propaganda ecosystem that allows for varied and overlapping approaches that reinforce each other even when individual messages within the
...
Governance responses to disinformation: How open government principles can inform policy options
Paris: OECD (2020), 45 pp.
"This paper provides a holistic policy approach to the challenge of disinformation by exploring a range of governance responses that rest on the open government principles of transparency, integrity, accountability and stakeholder participation. It offers an analysis of the significant changes that
...
Combatting and Defeating Chinese Propaganda and Disinformation: A Case Study of Taiwan’s 2020 Elections
Cambridge, MA: Harvard Kennedy School, Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs (2020), 63 pp.
"In its 2020 presidential and legislative elections, Taiwan combatted and defeated Chinese propaganda and disinformation through a whole-of-society approach, one in which the government became better at debunking fake news and raising awareness of these attacks; civil society became more alert and c
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The Hype Machine: How Social Media Disrupts Our Elections, Our Economy, and Our Health - and How We Must Adapt
London: HarperCollins (2020), xv, 390 pp.
"It is paramount, MIT social media expert Sinan Aral says, that we recognize the outsized impact social media has on our culture, our democracy, and our lives in order to steer today's social technology toward good, while avoiding the ways it can pull us apart. Otherwise, we could fall victim to wha
...
Liar’s War: Protecting Civilians from Disinformation During Armed Conflict
International Review of the Red Cross, volume 102, issue 914 (2020), pp. 659-682
"Disinformation in armed conflict may pose several distinctive forms of harm to civilians: exposure to retaliatory violence, distortion of information vital to securing human needs, and severe mental suffering. The gravity of these harms, along with the modern nature of wartime disinformation, is ou
...
Routledge Handbook of Conspiracy Theories
London; New York: Routledge (2020), xx, 680 pp.
"Taking a global and interdisciplinary approach, the Routledge Handbook of Conspiracy Theories provides a comprehensive overview of conspiracy theories as an important social, cultural and political phenomenon in contemporary life. This handbook provides the most complete analysis of the phenomenon
...
Help Stop the Spread of Disinformation! A Guide and 10-Point Checklist to Help People Think Before They Link
Institute for Public Relations (2020), 6 pp.
"Advancements in technology have made it difficult for people to discern real posts, sites, or videos from fake ones. To help, IPR has created “10 Ways to Identify Disinformation—A Checklist” to help people think before they link: 1. Who is the author or source? 2. How current is the source? 3
...
More-Troll Kombat: French and Russian Influence Operations Go Head to Head Targeting Audiences in Africa
Graphika (2020), 83 pp.
"On December 15, Facebook announced that it had taken down three separate networks that it had discovered for “coordinated inauthentic behavior” that targeted communities across Africa. One, centered on the Central African Republic (CAR) and Mali, was linked to individuals associated with the Fr
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Demand for Deceit: How the Way We Think Drives Disinformation
Washington, DC: National Endowment for Democracy (NED) (2020), 38 pp.
"Just because the effectiveness of disinformation may be tied to innate aspects of human psychology does not mean that democratic societies are powerless to respond. Rather, civil society, journalists, and other stakeholders invested in the freedom and openness of the global information space should
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The 101 of Disinformation Detection
London: Institute for Strategic Dialogue (ISD) (2020), 21 pp.
"Disinformation tactics and the responses in place to try to mitigate them online are changing rapidly. Organisations witnessing or targeted by disinformation therefore require a baseline understanding of the threats posed by disinformation and how to spot them while conducting their work. This tool
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Disinfodemic: Deciphering COVID-19 Disinformation
Key Guides
Paris: UNESCO (2020), 16 pp.
"COVID-19 disinformation creates confusion about medical science with immediate impact on every person on the planet, and upon whole societies. It is more toxic and more deadly than disinformation about other subjects. That is why this policy brief coins the term disinfodemic. Using this frame, the
...
Combating Misinformation in Bangladesh: Roles and Responsibilities as Perceived by Journalists, Fact-checkers, and Users
Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction, volume 4, issue CSCW2, Article 130 (2020), 32 pp.
"The spread of misinformation on Facebook in Bangladesh, a country with a population of over 163 million, has resulted in chaos, hate attacks, and killings. By interviewing journalists, fact-checkers, in addition to surveying the general public, we analyzed the current state of verifying misinformat
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Disinformation, Misinformation, and Fake News in Social Media: Emerging Research Challenges and Opportunities
Cham: Springer (2020), viii, 288 pp.
"This book serves as a convenient entry point for researchers, practitioners, and students to understand the problems and challenges, learn state-of-the-art solutions for their specific needs, and quickly identify new research problems in their domains. The contributors to this volume describe the r
...
"Todo se inició, en verdad, cuando tuve el encargo, en mi calidad de consultor internacional, de realizar una serie de entrevistas en torno a la desinformación en Venezuela con expertos venezolanos en temas comunicacionales y políticos. Las transcripciones de aquellas notas de voz, que se hiciero
...
