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Rethinking Open Source in the Age of Foundational AI Models
Deep Insights

Greg Maly

ICTworks, July 29 (2025)

"As the global artificial intelligence community wrestles with the tension between scale and accessibility, recent work by researchers at Lelapa AI offers a compelling example of what inclusive, efficient AI can look like. Around the world, the push to shrink massive language models into deployable, ... more

Google Scholar (120)

WorldCat (129)

Atlas der KI: Die materielle Wahrheit hinter den neuen Datenimperien

Kate Crawford

Bonn: Bundeszentrale für politische Bildung (bpb), Sonderausg. (2025), 336 pp.

"Ist Künstliche Intelligenz nur eine weitere Entwicklung der Digitalisierung des Alltags, eine effiziente Software in einer „Cloud“? Die KI-Forscherin Kate Crawford entlarvt diese verharmlosende Vorstellung und beleuchtet die konkreten Auswirkungen der Technologie auf die physische Welt. Ihre R ... more

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Artificial Intelligence Index Report 2025
Deep Insights

Nestor Maslej, Loredana Fattorini et al.

Stanford: Stanford University, Institute for Human-Centered AI (2025), 456 pp.

"Welcome to the eighth edition of the AI Index report. The 2025 Index is our most comprehensive to date and arrives at an important moment, as AI’s influence across society, the economy, and global governance continues to intensify. New in this year’s report are in-depth analyses of the evolving ... more

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2024-25 Annual Report: Dynamic Coalition on the Sustainability of Journalism and News Media

Waqas Naeem, Daniel O’Maley, Courtney C. Radsch, Aws Al-Saadi, Lei Ma, Nompilo Simanje

Internet Governance Forum; Dynamic Coalition for the Sustainability of Journalism and News Media; Global Forum for Media Development (GFMD) (2025), 50 pp.

"[...] Just as AI technologies are disrupting the business model of the Internet, they will also have a significant impact on the financial sustainability of the news media. The ability of AI tools to generate and aggregate content and produce news-style summaries might altogether bypass the news me ... more

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Artificial Intelligence's Impact on Persons with Disabilites in Africa
Deep Insights

Jerry John Kponyo, Bernard Chiira, Christopher Harrison, Hanyurwimfura Damien (eds.)

Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology (KNUST); Assistive Technologies for Disability Trust (AT4D); Next Step Foundation; Tangaza University College; Kenya National Commission for Science, Technology, and Innovation (NACOSTI) (2025), ix, 169 pp.

"Artificial intelligence has the potential to improve the daily lives of Persons with Disabilities (PWDs) in Africa in practical, cumulative ways—transcribing, translating, summarizing, personalizing, and predicting to reduce routine frictions in school, work, health, mobility, and access to publi ... c services. The study surveys this emerging landscape across Kenya, Ghana, Rwanda, and comparator contexts, mapping how AI augments assistive technologies (AT) and mainstream services while clarifying the policy, data, and delivery conditions that determine real-world impact. Across sectors, we find promising AI use cases beyond traditional AT. In education, adaptive tutors, captioning, and sign-language tools can widen access, though localized content and language coverage remain thin. In employment, AI can support job matching, accessible applications, task breakdown, and on-the-job accommodations, especially when paired with employer guidance and incentives. In mental health, chatbots can extend scarce services and offer stigma-free entry points to care; caregiver tools use voice, translation, and simple workflows to ease coordination and stress. Mobility and independent living benefit from computer vision, speech interfaces, and early robotics, with African innovators piloting sign-language avatars, personalized speech recognition, and lower-cost bionics. The potential of these advances is real but uneven—most remain pilots, and scale requires fit-for-purpose data, infrastructure, and financing. One binding constraint is data. Disability is systematically under-counted in official statistics and under-represented or misrepresented in AI training sets, creating a “disability data desert” that limits accuracy for African contexts (from atypical speech and local sign languages to recognition of mobility aids). Without deliberate collection, curation, and governance that center PWDs, models will continue to miss or misread disabled users, with downstream harms in inclusion, safety, and opportunity. Building representative, ethical datasets—especially for African languages and disabilities—emerges as a first-order priority alongside affordable computing and connectivity. Policy momentum is encouraging but incomplete. The African Union’s Continental AI Strategy (2025–2030) explicitly names disability inclusion, calling for accessible datasets, skills, and governance. Ghana’s and Kenya’s AI strategies also advance infrastructure, data sharing, and public-sector adoption, although explicit disability provisions are still maturing. Convergence around rights-based, inclusive AI is visible; however, its delivery depends on procurement standards, budgeting for accessibility, and participation by Organizations of Persons with Disabilities (OPDs) in the design and oversight process. The study’s central conclusion is pragmatic: AI’s near-term value for disability inclusion is unlocked where three conditions meet. First, inclusion by design—co-creation with PWDs and OPDs, localized languages, and multi-modal accessibility baked into products and datasets. Second, enabling rules and rails—national strategies that mandate accessibility in digital services, robust disability-relevant data, and align incentives for inclusive procurement. Third, sustainable delivery—hybrid human-AI service models, community channels, and financing that lower costs for users and caregivers while supporting innovators to move from pilots to scale. Where these conditions hold, AI can measurably widen access to learning, work, and care; where they do not, tools plateau as proofs-of-concept and risks of bias and exclusion grow. Overall, the path to disability-inclusive AI in Africa is clear: invest in representative data and affordable infrastructure; mandate accessibility and accountability; and deliver through locally grounded, human-centered services. Done together, these steps turn today’s pilots into equitable, reliable systems that expand agency and opportunity for millions of Africans with disabilities." (Executive summary) more

Google Scholar (75)

WorldCat (87)

Intelligence artificielle et robotique autonome: Enjeux et défis contemporains dans l’espace francophone

Etienne Damome, Moustapha Ben Ismïila Diaby (eds.)

Paris: L'Harmattan (2025), 358 pp.

"Cet ouvrage propose une analyse nuancée des transformations induites par l'IA et la robotique autonome dans l'espace francophone. Il insiste sur son potentiel à façonner durablement les sociétés contemporaines. S'appuyant sur des exemples concrets et des études de cas, l'ouvrage fournit un ca ... more

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Hamburg Declaration on Responsible Artificial Intelligence (AI) for the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)
Key Guides

Hamburg: Hamburg Sustainability Conference; UNDP (2025), 7 pp.

"As global stakeholders from governments, international organizations, the private sector, academia, and civil society, we convene in Hamburg to shape a human-centric, human-rights-based, inclusive, open, sustainable, and responsible AI future. We commit to advancing AI for the SDGs, aligning with o ... more

External Link (74)

Antiqua et Nova: Note on the Relationship Between Artificial Intelligence and Human Intelligence

Dicastery for the Doctrine of the Faith, Dicastery for Culture and Education

Vatican City: Dicastery for the Doctrine of the Faith; Dicastery for Culture and Education (2025)

"[...] there is broad consensus that AI marks a new and significant phase in humanity’s engagement with technology, placing it at the heart of what Pope Francis has described as an “epochal change.” Its impact is felt globally and in a wide range of areas, including interpersonal relationships ... more

External Link (103)

AI Tools Radar
Key Guides

UNESCO; International Research Centre on Artificial Intelligence (IRCAI) (2025)

"AI tools Radar is designed to map and showcase innovative and impactful AI tools from around the world, with a particular focus on applications in the public sector, media, and judiciary. This platform is a global initiative born out of a collaboration between UNESCO and the International Research ... more

External Link (101)

2025 Technology and Innovation Report: Inclusive Artificial Intelligence for Development

New York: United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) (2025), xiii, 168 pp.

Google Scholar (98)

WorldCat (103)

Der neue Gott: Künstliche Intelligenz und die menschliche Sinnsuche

Claudia Paganini

Freiburg et al.: Herder (2025), 176 pp.

"Ist Künstliche Intelligenz der neue Gott des digitalen Zeitalters? In diesem tiefgründigen Essay entfaltet Claudia Paganini eine philosophisch brisante These: Erstmals erschafft der Mensch einen Gott, statt ihn nur zu denken. Die KI übernimmt zunehmend, was einst der Religion vorbehalten war: Si ... more

Google Scholar (88)

WorldCat (107)

Intelligence artificielle et emploi en Afrique: Analyse des impacts de la digitalisation du travail

Ibrahim Kalil Konaté, Michel Boukar

Robert Beugré Mambé (preface)

Paris: L'Harmattan (2025), 267 pp.

"Ce livre étudie les effets de l’intelligence artificielle (IA) et de la digitalisation sur l’emploi en Afrique, en usant d’une méthodologie à deux articulations. D’une part, l’analyse des effets directs de l’IA : destruction d’emplois traditionnels dans des secteurs-clés (agricult ... more

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The AI Policy Playbook: Navigating AI Policy Development through an African and Asian Lens

Aubra Anthony, Deshni Govender, Nadine Dammaschk, Golo Rademacher, Kim Willet, Gustavo Fonseca Ribeiro, Sheila Kibughi

Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) FAIR Forward; AI Policymaker Network (2025), 70 pp.

"The AI Policy Playbook offers a practical guide for governments in Africa and Asia to develop responsible and context-specific AI policies. Drawing from real-world policymaking experiences in seven countries, Ghana, Kenya, Rwanda, South Africa, Uganda, India, and Indonesia, the playbook shares less ... more

External Link (101)

Human Development Report 2025: A Matter of Choice. People and Possibilities in the Age of AI
Deep Insights

Pedro Conceição et al.

New York: UNDP (2025), xi, 307 pp.

"This year’s Human Development Report examines what distinguishes this new era of AI from previous digital transformations and what those differences could mean for human development (chapter 1), including how AI can enhance or subvert human agency (chapter 2). People are already interacting with ... more

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Artificial Humanities: A Fictional Perspective on Language in AI

Nina Beguš

Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press (2025), 283 pp.

"Artificial Humanities explores how the humanities-literature, history, and art-can deepen our understanding of artificial intelligence and its development. By examining fictional representations of AI in parallel with actual technological developments, Nina Beguš presents a novel interdisciplinary ... more

External Link (42)

AI in Africa: A Landscape Study

Rachel Adams, Fola Adeleke, Leah Junck, Samule Segun, Ayantola Alayande, Selamawit Abdella, Mark Gaffley, Fabio Andres Diaz Pabon, Funbi Salami

Global Center on AI Governance; African Observatory on Responsible AI (2025), 44 pp.

"Though comprehensive AI regulation is still nascent in Africa, there is an increased focus on national AI strategies, ethical guidelines and international collaborations. Over 40 countries have already established data protection and privacy laws, creating opportunities for harmonised regulations a ... nd a supportive environment for AI innovation. Key continental governance instruments and initiatives also include the African Union’s AI Strategy, the African Continental Free Trade Area and the African Commission on Human and Peoples’ Rights. This report found that the increasing application of AI in key sectors across Africa, such as health, education, finance, agriculture, public services and the environment, necessitates a collaborative approach to ethical AI development and use. This requires addressing persistent infrastructural gaps, developing regional regulatory frameworks, investments in AI research and capacity building efforts as well as promoting multi-stakeholder AI governance initiatives. Key strategies identified include joint investment and funding, pooling resources and supporting sustainable and fair open-source projects, which will help direct efforts toward innovation and regional independence. Open Source AI models are particularly important in Africa where local tech startups can leverage global open-source initiatives to build context-specific solutions. However, concerns regarding data ownership, privacy and ethical AI deployment call for more robust policies for open source AI on the continent. To foster responsible AI innovation, African countries should establish comprehensive AI governance frameworks while adhering to existing laws as well as strengthen regulatory institutions to provide oversight over AI technologies. Regulatory sandboxing also offers a viable approach to enable sage experimentation with appropriate oversight. Regional and international cooperation as well as leveraging public-private partnerships can promote funding for expanding AI research and development initiatives, resolve talent shortages and promote infrastructure development. Africa has a unique opportunity to leverage AI, along with its resources and local young talent, for socioeconomic development. However, to ensure inclusivity and sustainable innovation, it is essential to address infrastructure challenges and establish regulatory frameworks that protect societal wellbeing. Embracing collaborative efforts, including open source initiatives, regional and international partnerships are critical for achieving the continent’s ambitious goals without leaving anyone behind." (Executive Summaty, page 3) more

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Considerations and Practical Applications for Using Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Evaluations

D. Cekova, L. Corsetti, S Ferretti, S. Vaca

Rome: CGIAR Independent Advisory and Evaluation Service (IAES) (2025), 42 pp.

" Guided by the CGIAR-wide Evaluation Framework, integrating AI tools requires a governance approach to balance innovation with ethical responsibility, ensuring transparency, fairness, accountability, and inclusivity. This Technical Note encourages and guides CGIAR evaluators to ethically explore, n ... egotiate, and experiment with AI tools: Explore: Evaluators are invited to discover how AI, especially GenAI, can enhance evaluation efficiency, from scoping and data analysis to reporting. The Note provides practical guidance on AI applications and examples to support creative yet responsible exploration. Negotiate: Integrating AI should be openly discussed with commissioners, stakeholders, and teams. The Note prioritizes jointly defining boundaries, expectations, and ethical parameters (transparency, accountability, and data sensitivity) at each phase of evaluation. Use AI Responsibly: While AI tools are evolving, evaluators are encouraged to pilot and iterate their use. The document supports experimentation through practical tips, prompt examples, and tool selection criteria, all while emphasizing documentation and learning from each use case. Effective AI governance is grounded in core principles: Transparency requires clear documentation of AI tool usage, data sources, model limitations, and decision-making processes. Accountability involves assigning responsibility for AI decisions and outputs and establishing oversight and redress mechanisms. Fairness and inclusion must proactively mitigate bias and discrimination, with particular attention to underrepresented groups and data gaps. Data privacy and security must align with applicable data protection regulations and ensure secure handling practices. Human oversight ensures that evaluators retain control over processes and can intervene as needed. In operationalizing ethical AI governance in CGIAR evaluations, due diligence is required in assessing AI tools for ethical alignment before deployment: reviewing the transparency of vendors, the documentation of models, and their intended use cases. Where relevant, components involving AI—especially those engaging human subjects or sensitive data—should undergo ethics review. AI applications must be adapted to the local and cultural contexts in which evaluations are conducted, as what is suitable in one setting may be inappropriate in another. Additionally, participants should be informed about the use of AI systems and the implications of data collection or processing to ensure informed consent. Ethical AI governance should be embedded in the entire evaluation lifecycle. During the design phase, evaluators should define AI tools to use, why they are selected, and assess risks. In data collection, AI tools should be used in ways that uphold data privacy and protection standards and avoid reinforcing harmful stereotypes or excluding groups. During the analysis phase, the role of AI in supporting interpretation should be documented, with an acknowledgment of limitations or biases. In dissemination, documentation, and reporting, AI’s contribution, limitations, and human validation should be disclosed. By rapid adaptation of content across formats, languages, and complexity levels, AI opens possibilities for broader, more inclusive communication of findings. Finally, the follow-up phases should include a reflection on the ethical implications observed and how these lessons can improve future evaluations." (Executive summary) more

External Link (47)

Artificial Intelligence and Religion: Investigating perceptions: ethics, practices, and the role of religious actors in Senegal

Rachid Id Yassine

Global Center on AI Governance (GCG); African Observatory on Responsible AI (2025), 52 pp.

"The initial objective of this investigation was to analyze the ethical issues raised by artificial intelligence according to religious actors in Senegal. In a country where 95% of the population are Muslim, the voice of religious authorities, even beyond the religious sphere, is eagerly awaited and ... more

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Künstliche Intelligenz im medialen Diskurs: Wird soziale Gerechtigkeit ausgeblendet?

Elke Grittmann, Lina Brink, Peter Kann

Frankfurt am Main: Otto Brenner Stiftung (2025), 84 pp.

[.] Auf Basis von über 2.000 Artikeln aus neun reichweitenstarken Print- und Onlinemedien untersuchen die Autor*innen, welche Themen in der Berichterstattung über KI gesetzt, wie Bezüge zu Fragen sozialer Gerechtigkeit hergestellt werden, welche narrativen Muster sich zeigen und welche Akteur*inn ... more

Rethinking Open Source in the Age of Foundational AI Models Deep Insights

Artificial Intelligence Index Report 2025 Deep Insights

Artificial Intelligence's Impact on Persons with Disabilites in Africa Deep Insights

Hamburg Declaration on Responsible Artificial Intelligence (AI) for the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) Key Guides

AI Tools Radar Key Guides

Human Development Report 2025: A Matter of Choice. People and Possibilities in the Age of AI Deep Insights