Filter
1003
Featured
Free Access
545
Key Guidance
10
Top Insights
30
Topics
Safety of Journalists, Safety Risks of Media Workers
465
Harassment & Intimidation of Journalists
185
Journalists Dealing with Risks & Threats, Resilience & Wellbeing of Media Workers
176
Female Journalists & Media Workers
132
Media Freedom, Press Freedom
107
Safety of Journalists: Law & Public Policies
78
Conflict Reporting, Armed Conflict Reporting
73
Killings of Journalists & Media Personnel
53
Violence Against Journalists & Media Personnel
53
Self-Censorship
53
Working Conditions of Journalists & Media Personnel
50
Impunity for Crimes Against Journalists & Media Personnel
42
War Reporting
39
Cybersecurity, Digital Safety, Privacy, Right to Privacy
28
Media Assistance: Freedom of Expression & Safety of Journalists
28
Press Freedom & Communication Rights Violations
28
Journalism Education & Training
28
COVID-19 Pandemic: Effects on Journalism, Media & Communication
28
Surveillance, Surveillance Technologies, Spyware
20
Foreign Correspondents
19
Investigative Journalism
19
Gender-Based Online Harassment & Sexual Threats
15
Censorship
13
Gender-Based Harassment, Intimidation & Violence
13
Journalists: Professional Identity & Values
13
Crime & Violence Reporting
12
Humanitarian Law
12
Protests, Protest Movements, Protest Reporting & Media Representation
12
Media Law & Regulation
12
Human Rights Protection
12
COVID-19 Communication
11
Media Law & Regulation: International Standards & Practices
11
Journalism
11
United Nations Plan of Action on the Safety of Journalists and the Issue of Impunity
10
Cyberbullying, Cyberharassment
10
Freelance Journalists & Media Workers
10
Freedom of Expression
9
Countering Defamation & Harassment
9
Media Landscapes, Media Systems, Media Situation in General
9
Law Enforcement, Litigations, Legal Practice, Case Law, Jurisdiction
9
Digital Activism, Cyber Advocacy
8
Local Journalism
8
Election Reporting
8
Authoritarian Regimes: Government Communication Strategies
7
Authoritarian Regimes: Media Systems & Landscapes
7
Legal Threats to Media Freedom
7
Digital Journalism, Online Journalism
7
Editorial Independence
6
Exile Journalism, Exile Media
6
Citizen Journalism, Community Journalism
6
Conflict Areas: Media Systems, Media Landscapes, Role of Media
6
Social Media in Political Communication
6
Countering Hate Speech, Disinformation & Propaganda
6
Journalism Ethics
6
United Nations (UN)
6
Photojournalism
6
Media Capture, Vested Political & Other Interests in the Media
6
Freedom of Expression Lobbying & Communication Rights Campaigning
5
Conflict-Sensitive & Peace Journalism
5
Foreign Conflict Reporting, International War Reporting
5
Trauma: Media Representation & Reporting
5
Journalistic Social Media Use
5
Media Viability & Financial Sustainability
5
Emergency Medical Aid
5
Russia: Foreign Information Operations, International Broadcasting, Public Diplomacy
5
UNESCO
5
Stringers & Fixers (Journalism)
5
Diversity & Pluralism in Media / Communication
5
Human Rights Violations
5
Police
5
Democracy / Democratization and Media
5
Research in Media & Communication
5
Access to Public Information, Freedom of Information, Right to Information
4
Advocacy
4
Chilling Effects (Discouragement of Legitimate Exercise of Legal Rights)
4
Freedom of Expression Principles
4
Indirect Censorship, Soft Censorship
4
Strategic Lawsuits Against Public Participation (SLAPP)
4
Military: Communication Strategies & Practices
4
Extremism & Terrorism Reporting
4
Disaster & Humanitarian Crisis Reporting
4
Disinformation, Misinformation, Fake News
4
Feminism & Communication
4
Transnational Journalism Cooperation & News Exchange
4
Council of Europe
4
Journalism Education Curricula
4
Journalists
4
Media Assistance
4
Populism
4
Corruption & Combating Corruption
4
Open Data
3
Authoritarian Regimes, Dictatorships
3
Internet Censorship Circumvention Tools & Strategies
3
Government Communication Strategies
3
Community Radios
3
Iraq War (2003)
3
Russia-Ukraine War <2014-
3
Trauma, Coping with Trauma, Trauma Therapy
3
Documenting Human Rights Violations
3
Accountability & Transparency of the Media
3
Associations & Networks of Journalists
3
Media Reporting, Reporting on Journalism & Communication Issues
3
Television Journalism
3
Media & Communication Policies
3
Post-Socialist Media Systems & Landscapes
3
Migration & Refugees Reporting & (Social) Media Representation
3
Caruana Galizia, Daphne (1964-2017)
3
Right-Wing Extremism
3
Public Media, State Media
3
Networks & Networking
3
User-Generated Contents
3
Civic Engagement, Citizen Participation, Civil Society & Media
2
Gender Advocacy & Empowerment, Gender Mainstreaming
2
Media Advocacy, Media Activism
2
Audience Feedback, Interaction & Participation
2
Independent & Oppositional Media in Authoritarian Regimes
2
Political Cartoons & Comics
2
Film Actors, Directors & Producers, Filmmakers
2
Data Protection: Law & Regulation
2
Media / Communication Control
2
Countering Press Freedom Violations by Legal Actions
2
Crisis Communication
2
Genocides
2
Perpetrators
2
Boko Haram
2
Transitional Justice Reporting
2
Media Criticism
2
Minority Journalists
2
Conspiracy Narratives, Conspiracy Theories
2
Climate Change Communication, Climate Journalism
2
Defamation Law & Regulation
2
Bribery & Corruption in Journalism
2
Objectivity & Veracity of Reporting
2
Fact-Checking & Verification of Sources
2
Gender Discrimination, Gender Inequalities
2
Good Practice Examples
2
Indigenous Journalists & Communicators
2
China: Transnational Information Operations, International Broadcasting, Public Diplomacy
2
Transnational & Comparative Communication Research
2
European Union (EU)
2
UNESCO & IPDC Media Assistance
2
Reporters Sans Frontièrs
2
Journalism Concepts & Cultures
2
Journalism Studies & Research
2
Journalistic Quality
2
Exiled Journalists
2
Corruption Reporting & Role of Media in Curbing Corruption
2
Political Reporting
2
Local Communication & Media
2
Confidential Sources, Whistleblowing, Protection of Journalists' Sources
2
Law & Regulation: Protection of Confidential Sources & Whistleblowers
2
Conflict & War Photography
2
Military
2
Opinion Leaders, Politicians, Decision Makers, Elites
2
Kompas (Newspaper, Indonesia)
2
Islamist Communications & Media
2
Research Methods
2
Crimes, Criminality, Organized Crime
2
Disappeared People, Missing People
2
Resilience
2
Access to Media & Information
1
Access to Media & Information: Migrants, Refugees, Diasporas
1
Access to Information Laws, Right to Information Regulation
1
Editorial Independence: Influence of Advertisers
1
Advocacy Campaigns
1
Civic Engagement, Citizen Participation, Civil Society & Digital Communication
1
Audiences & Users
1
Audience Expectations & Satisfaction
1
Audience Orientation
1
Social Media Analytics, Web Metrics, User Data Analytics
1
Trust in the Media, Credibility of Media
1
Authoritarian Regimes: Transnational Repression
1
Election Campaigns
1
Catholic Media
1
Documentaries, Television Documentaries, Web Documentaries
1
Digital Media Censorship, Control & Filtering, Internet & Social Media Censorship
1
Censorship Circumvention Tools & Strategies
1
State Influence on the Media
1
OSCE Representative of Freedom of the Media
1
Government / State Advertising: Allocation Policies & Regulation
1
Alternative Communication & Media
1
Conflicts: Victims' Perspectives
1
Terrorism
1
Gaza War (2023-)
1
Humanitarian Interventions
1
Iraq-Kuwait Gulf War (1990-1991)
1
War Crimes
1
Conflict-Sensitive / Peace Communication
1
Dealing With the Past
1
Human Rights Protection & Violations: Media Representation & Reporting
1
Information Warfare, Psychological Warfare
1
Media Assistance in Conflict Regions & Fragile Countries
1
Violence in the Media
1
Discourse & Discourse Analysis
1
Theatre
1
Financing Nonprofit Organizations
1
International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC)
1
Sustainable Development Goals (SDG)
1
Algorithms & Big Data
1
Data Journalism, Computer-Assisted Investigative Reporting
1
Digital Media Startups
1
Digital Platform & Intermediaries Regulation
1
Digital & Information Literacy
1
Digital Political Communication
1
Online Magazines & Newspapers
1
Social Media
1
Content Moderation & Regulation: Social Media
1
Democratization & Digital Media / Social Media
1
Facebook
1
Twitter & Microblogs
1
Trolling (Social Media)
1
AI in Journalism & Media
1
Generative AI, including ChatGPT et al.
1
Digitalisation, Online Communication & Democracy / Democratization
1
Diaspora Media
1
Prisoners & Communication / Media
1
Racism
1
Religious Minorities & Media
1
Romani People
1
Disaster & Humanitarian Crisis Communication
1
Earthquakes, Floods, Tsunamis, Natural Disasters
1
Disinformation & Misinformation Law & Regulation
1
Election Campaigns: Disinformation & Misinformation
1
Foreign Disinformation, Foreign Information Manipulation Operations, Foreign Propaganda
1
Gendered Disinformation
1
Health Disinformation & Misinformation
1
Identifying & Researching Disinformation
1
Media Literacy: Disinformation, Fake News, Hate Speech
1
Media Commercialisation
1
Media Concentration
1
Media Ownership
1
Political Economy of Media
1
Public Goods, Commons
1
Infotainment, Politainment
1
Sports, Sports & Media, Sports Reporting
1
Environmental Journalism
1
Environmental & Land Conflicts Reporting & Media Representation
1
Defamation, Libel, Slander
1
Defamation: Effects on Victims
1
Bias in News Media
1
Self-Regulation of Media
1
Evaluation Criteria, Evaluation Indicators
1
Self-Assessment, Self-Evaluation
1
Gender and Media, Gender and Communication
1
Female Opinion Leaders, Politicians, Decision Makers
1
Gender-Based Harassment, Intimidation & Violence: Media Representation & Reporting
1
Gender Representation & Stereotypes in the Media
1
Media Assistance: Gender Focus
1
Health Journalism
1
Mental Health (General)
1
History of Journalism
1
History of the Press
1
Foreign Countries: Reporting & Media Representation
1
Foreign News, International News
1
International Media Associations / Organizations
1
Transnational Media Corporations, International Media Companies
1
OSCE
1
International Federation of Journalists (IFJ)
1
Collaborative Journalism, Journalism Cooperation
1
Constructive Journalism, Solution-Oriented Journalism
1
Journalism Studies: Research Projects
1
Vox Pop Interviews
1
Journalistic Skills
1
Journalistic Style & Language
1
Journalists: Trust in Public Institutions
1
Labour Market for Journalists
1
News Agencies
1
Newsroom Management
1
Business & Economics Journalism
1
Court Reporting & Media Representation of Judicial System
1
Death & Grief: Reporting & Media Representation
1
Service Journalism, Consumer Information, Lifestyle Journalism
1
Metaphors
1
Translations & Translating
1
Local Television
1
Media Assistance: Elections
1
Media Assistance: Financial Sustainability & Management
1
Media Assistance: Implementing Organizations
1
International Media Support (IMS) (Media Development NGO, Denmark)
1
Media Assistance: Journalists' Associations, Media Associations
1
Media Assistance: Law & Regulation, Media Policy Consultancies
1
Media Assistance: Media & Information Literacy
1
Media Development Indicators
1
Media & Information Literacy
1
Transition Countries: Media Systems & Media Landscapes
1
Criminal Law & Criminal Prosecution
1
Internet Governance, Internet Policies
1
Law, Legislation, Judiciary (General)
1
Legal Protection
1
Transitional Justice
1
Contracts, Labour Agreements, Service Contracts
1
Forced Migration, Forced Displacement
1
Cadwalladr, Carole (British Investigative Journalist)
1
Khashoggi, Jamal (1958-2018)
1
Ressa, Maria
1
Photographers
1
Hindu Nationalism
1
Political Extremism
1
Fragile / Post-Conflict States
1
Security
1
Personal Safety
1
Parliaments
1
Politics and Media
1
Election Campaigns: Social Media
1
Independent & Oppositional Media
1
Influence of Media on Politics
1
Political Transition and Media
1
Public Spheres
1
Emotions in Communication & Media
1
Media Psychology, Communication Psychology
1
Persuasive Communication
1
Memory, Memorizing
1
Mental Stress
1
Opinion, Opinion Formation, Opinion Change
1
Fundamentalisms (Religious)
1
Communication & Media Indicators
1
Communication & Media Research Associations & Networks
1
Digital Sources
1
Political Indicators
1
Interviewing (Journalistic Genre)
1
Assassination
1
Human Security
1
Sexual Violence & Abuse, Rape
1
COVID-19 Pandemic: Economic, Political and Social Effects
1
Rohingya
1
Blockchain Technologies
1
Open Source Software
1
Telecommunication Law, Regulation & Policies
1
Al-Jazeera
1
Theories of Communication & Media
1
AI & Disinformation
1
Language
Document type
Countries / Regions
Authors & Publishers
Media focus
Publication Years
Methods applied
Journals
Output Type
Journalists and Political Sources in Nigeria: Between Information Subsidies and Political Pressures
International Journal of Press/Politics, volume 22, issue 2 (2017), pp. 185-201
"The relationship between journalists and political sources has been characterized by a tug of war between reporters and officials where top politicians have the upper hand in the coproduction of news through their ability to provide critical information subsidies that most news media rely on. The d
...
Comparing Journalistic Cultures Across Nations
Journalism Studies, volume 18, issue 5 (2017), pp. 525-535
"Comparative studies of journalism have become immensely popular in recent times, yet a range of methodological and logistical challenges persist in existing work. This introduction to the special issue on “Comparing Journalistic Cultures” provides a brief overview of these challenges, before pr
...
Expanding Influences Research to Insecure Democracies: How Violence, Public Insecurity, Economic Inequality and Uneven Democratic Performance Shape Journalists’ Perceived Work Environments
Journalism Studies, volume 18, issue 5 (2017), pp. 645-665
"Democracies with sharp violence and public insecurity have proliferated in recent decades, with many also featuring extreme economic inequality. These conditions have not been explicitly considered in comparative research on journalists’ work environments, an omission that may obscure important r
...
Reporting from the Danger Zone: Frontline Journalists, Their Jobs, and an Increasingly Perilous Future
London; New York: Routledge (2017), 165 pp.
"Journalism is a dangerous business when one’s "beat" is a war zone. Armoudian reveals the complications facing frontline journalists who cover warzones, hot spots and other hazardous situations. It compares yesterday’s conflict journalism, which was fraught with its own dangers, with today’s
...
Internal Threats and Safety of Journalists: A Study from India
In: The Assault on Journalism. Building Knowledge to Protect Freedom of Expression
Göteborg: Nordicom (2017), pp. 227-230
"Journalists face numerous threats from different stakeholders. In developing countries, internal threats coming from inside media organizations – threats that have a serious impact on the professional, economic and psychological lives of journalists – are less researched. This research is an at
...
Foreign correspondents and local journalists: A key newsgathering partnership, for safety and for the global public good
In: The Assault on Journalism. Building Knowledge to Protect Freedom of Expression
Göteborg: Nordicom (2017), pp. 319-322
"Both long-standing and innovative partnership models suggest that collaborative newsgathering by international and local journalists has been an invaluable practice to get the news in unsafe environments and out to global audiences. As violence, often deadly and nearly always unpunished, multiplies
...
A Story Bigger than Your Life? The safety challenges of journalists reporting on democratization conflicts
In: The Assault on Journalism. Building Knowledge to Protect Freedom of Expression
Göteborg: Nordicom (2017), pp. 289-302
"This chapter investigates safety challenges journalists face when reporting on democratization conflicts and their impact on journalistic work. It builds on a comparative case study within the EU-funded project “Media, Conflict and Democratisation” (MeCoDEM), which explores journalistic work pr
...
Journalism after jail: Coping with the trauma of imprisonment
Media Asia, volume 44 (2017), pp. 21-24
"Journalists continue to face imprisonment for practicing their profession in ways that antagonize regimes, militaries, oligarchs, and other powerful interests. What do journalists do after their release from prison? Do they resume their professional work in their home country or in exile? How do th
...
Pacific journalists training in dealing with psychological trauma when covering climate change
UNESCO (2017), ?? pp.
"The safety of journalists is not only about physical wellbeing. Safety extends to protection against impending psychological injury resulting from exposure to violence, conflict, disaster and tragedy. Both psychological safety and physical safety are inextricably linked. Research shows that people
...
All the news that's worth the risk: Improving protection for freelance journalists in war zones
Boston College International & Comparative Law Review, volume 40, issue 1 (2017), pp. 141-166
"Although war journalism has existed for centuries, changes in the nature of armed conflict and its coverage have put the danger for modern journalists at an all time high. The traditional war correspondent has been replaced in recent years by the independent freelance journalist. While the former r
...
Assessing Indonesian journalist threats: Cases, actors and motives
Media Asia, volume 44, issue 1 (2017), pp. 25-32
"This paper serves as a review of crimes committed against journalist in Indonesia within the past six years (2010–2015). This work draws primarily on the annual reports made by the Alliance of Independence Journalist (AJI), the prominent association of journalists in Indonesia. The first part int
...
Journalism Schools Must Include Safety Courses in Curricula
In: The Assault on Journalism. Building Knowledge to Protect Freedom of Expression
Göteborg: Nordicom (2017), pp. 113-118
"Too many journalists are victims of violence and impunity, and more should be done in academia to prepare media students for the perils they are likely to face. I urge all faculty members at this conference to incorporate a course on safety for journalists in their curricula. It’s not a luxury; i
...
Security and Safety Awareness among Journalist in Nigeria
In: Proceedings International Conference on Media Studies 2017
Sintok: Universiti Utara Malaysia (UUM), School of Multimedia Technology and Communication (2017), pp. 389-394
"Concern on safety and security of journalist is a global phenomenon. This gave rise to security and safety policy documents and protocols for journalists and the need for journalists to know about them to better safeguard themselves while on duty. Studies were conducted on the state of journalist
...
Training journalists in times of transition: The case of Kosovo
Journalism Education, volume 6, issue 2 (2017), pp. 37-47
"With Kosovo as its case, this article explores the context and challenges of journalism education in transition societies. Journalists in Kosovo have lived through constant changes from authoritarian to democracy. In this struggle, journalism education has never been stable and steady. The past con
...
Expanding influences research to insecure democracies: How violence, public insecurity, economic inequality and uneven democratic performance shape journalists' perceived work environments
Journalism Studies, volume 18, issue 5 (2017), pp. 645-665
"Democracies with sharp violence and public insecurity have proliferated in recent decades, with many also featuring extreme economic inequality. These conditions have not been explicitly considered in comparative research on journalists' work environments, an omission that may obscure important rea
...
"The report, based on answers from 247 respondents, summarises the ‘good news’, that journalists do implement changes in their behaviour when they have attended safety trainings, and the gaps and challenges, including the fact that few journalists keep their training up to date in spite of indus
...
Trauma counseling for journalists: A profession in denial
Media Asia, volume 44, issue 1 (2017), pp. 17-20
"Research suggests between 80 and 90% of journalists have been exposed to a work-related traumatic events such as murder, mass casualties, war and natural disasters. Most journalists exhibit resilience despite repeated exposure to such traumatic events. However, a significant minority are at risk fo
...
Australian News Photographers, Safety and Trauma
In: The Assault on Journalism. Building Knowledge to Protect Freedom of Expression
Göteborg: Nordicom (2017), pp. 231-234
"This chapter illuminates new understanding about the dangers experienced by Australian news photographers on international and domestic assignments. Using oral history methodology, the interviews with 60 present and former Australian newspaper photographers revealed a litany of psychologically and
...
The exposure to traumatic events and symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder among Korean journalists
Journalism, volume 19, issue 9-10 (2017), pp. 1308-1325
"This study investigated posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms on Korean journalists and the contributing variables. Predicting variables included the exposure to traumatic events, coping strategy, social support, optimism, negative beliefs, and the journalists’ occupational perspectives.
...
Indonesian double standards over press freedom endanger safety of Papuan journalists
Media Asia, volume 44, issue 1 (2017), pp. 40-47
"The World Press Freedom Day celebration in Jakarta was a milestone for Indonesia’s democratic progress, but it was also remarkable for the silence around gross violations in the country’s Papuan provinces, writes David Robie." (Abstract)