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Output Type
Lebanon's Information Environment: Exploring Appropriate Responses
Metn: Samir Kassir Foundation; National Endowment for Democracy (NED) (2023), 32 pp.
"The purpose of this study is twofold: to understand how the Lebanese public consumes news published on traditional and alternative media, with a focus on how they perceive and deal with disinformation campaigns and fake news, and to build a comprehensive view of the organizations and initiatives th
...
Co-Designing a Mobile-Based Game to Improve Misinformation Resistance and Vaccine Knowledge in Uganda, Kenya, and Rwanda
Journal of Health Communication, volume 28, issue suppl. 2 (2023), pp. 49-60
"Misinformation can decrease public confidence in vaccines, and reduce vaccination intent and uptake. One strategy for countering these negative impacts comes from inoculation theory. Similar to biological vaccination, inoculation theory posits that exposure to a weakened form of misinformation can
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Disinformation exports: How foreign anti-vaccine narratives reached West African communities online
First Draft (2023)
"Pro-Russian disinformation networks and American anti-science websites are pushing anti-vaccine content that is reaching large West African Facebook Pages and Groups. These networks are spreading social media posts and articles that contain misleading messages about Covid-19 vaccines. These message
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Striking the balance between fake and real: Under what conditions can media literacy messages that warn about misinformation maintain trust in accurate information?
Behaviour & Information Technology (2023), 13 pp.
"Although interventions that warn about the harms of misinformation may be effective in lowering the credibility of false information, they may also cause suspicion related to factually accurate information. To explore these contradictory outcomes of exposure to media literacy messages, we used an o
...
Nudging Knowledge: Tackling Health Misinformation in Humanitarian Settings Using Behavioral Science
Key Guides
Nairobi: Busara (2023), 46 pp.
"This guide does not require prior knowledge or experience in behavioral science. It will be relevant for you if you are an actor in a humanitarian setting look to: 1. Design a Theory of Change for a program aiming to change people’s beliefs or behaviors: This guide can be used by several actors.
...
Digital Platform Governance and the Challenges for Trust and Safety. Part 2: Platform's Own Policies and Practices: What Problems Need Changing?
Research ICT Africa; UNESCO (2023), 7 pp.
"Platform policies lack clarity about the relationship between them, and also about how policies should be applied at global and local levels. How platforms understand and identify harms is insufficiently mapped to human rights standards, and there is a gap in how policy elements should deal with di
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1st EEAS Report on Foreign Information Manipulation and Interference Threats: Towards a Framework for Networked Defence
Deep Insights
European Union (2023), 35 pp.
"Russia's full-scale invasion of Ukraine dominates observed Foreign Information Manipulation and Interference (FIMI) activity. Ukraine and its representatives have been the direct target of 33 incidents. In 60 out of 100 incidents, supporting the invasion was the main motivation behind the attack. D
...
Promoting Conspiracy Theory: From AIDS to COVID-19
Deep Insights
Global Public Health, volume 18, issue 1 (2023), 13 pp.
"Public health advocates in the US and South Africa emphasise that many of the vaccine hesitant are not hardened conspiracy theorists, may have reasonable fears about side-effects and are potentially open to persuasion, especially if their concerns are taken seriously by interlocuters they trust. Bu
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Questioning Fact-Checking in the Fight Against Disinformation: An Audience Perspective
Journalism Practice, volume 17, issue 10 (2023), pp. 2123-2139
"Fact-checking has been identified as a significant journalistic tool in the fight against disinformation. Relevant studies have focused on its emergence as a movement within journalism aiming at renewing the profession, as well as its effectiveness in challenging disinformation, especially during e
...
How Disinformation on WhatsApp Went From Campaign Weapon to Governmental Propaganda in Brazil
Social Media + Society, volume 9, issue 1 (2023), 11 pp.
"The popular encrypted messaging and chat app WhatsApp played a key role in the election of Brazilian President Jair Bolsonaro in 2018. The present study builds on this knowledge and showcases how the app continued to be used in a governmental operation spreading false and misleading information pop
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Clones and zombies: Rethinking conspiracy theories and the digital public sphere through a (post)-colonial perspective
Information, Communication & Society, volume 26, issue 12 (2023), pp. 2419-2438
"This article investigates what is at stake in decolonising the study of conspiracy theories online. It challenges the confidence with which conspiracy theories are often dismissed as aberrations and negative externalities of digital ecosystems. Without reifying conspiracy theories, we identify as p
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Deny, Deceive, Delay (vol.2): Exposing New Trends in Climate Mis- and Disinformation at COP27
Climate Action Against Disinformation (2023), 43 pp.
"Analysis of over 850 advertisers between 1 September and 23 November 2022 showed a small cohort drove the majority of false or greenwashed advertising on Facebook, with activity peaking in the weeks preceding and during COP27. Common techniques included ‘nature-rinsing’, to distract and mislead
...
An Underestimated Threat: Gendered Disinformation about Ukrainian Women Journalists
Women in Media; European Center for Press and Media Freedom (ECPMF) (2023), 51 pp.
"Russia uses a strategy of gendered disinformation in Ukraine to silence women journalists and create a certain negative image of gender equality and the role of women in democratic societies. Online violence can take on a variety of worms: doxxing, sectoring, trolling, cyberstalking, threats of vio
...
Sustaining Exposure to Fact-Checks: Misinformation Discernment, Media Consumption, and its Political Implications
[authors] (2023), 37 + 27 pp.
"Exposure to misinformation can affect citizens’ beliefs, political preferences, and compliance with government policies. However, little is known about how to reduce susceptibility to misinformation in a sustained manner outside controlled environments, particularly in the Global South. We evalua
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Mobilizing Social Media Influencers: A European Approach to Oversight and Accountability
Berlin: Deutsche Gesellschaft für Auswärtige Politik (DGAP) (2023), 9 pp.
"Social media influencers impact our collective societal mindset by shaping our thoughts and opinions or setting agendas. Past research on social influence must be unpacked to understand how social media influencers effectively create content using authenticity co mpared to celebrity. Establishing a
...
Countering Disinformation Tools and Initiatives in the Philippines
Copenhagen: International Media Support (IMS) (2023), 37 pp.
"As can be gleaned from this report, anti-disinformation initiatives are diverse and creative, but whether they’re for prevention, monitoring and identification, or contextualization and correction, the current initiatives can be scaled up and new ones added. Firstly, the initiatives have still to
...
Deepening the Response to Authoritarian Information Operations in Latin America
Washington, DC: National Endowment for Democracy (NED) (2023), 29 pp.
"The essays in this report deepen our understanding of the escalating and evolving threats posed by global authoritarianism. While responses to authoritarian information manipulation have been robust in many ways across Latin America, much more can be done to counter it and enhance the quality of in
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Addressing Gendered Disinformation: Review of Current Recommendations and the Case for Broadening Responses
Key Guides
IREX (2023), 27 pp.
"This report summarizes and groups the most common recommendations to address gendered disinformation and analyzes gaps between the evidence base and the recommendations made to date. This review is aimed toward those who seek to develop solutions to gendered disinformation in its different forms, a
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Brazilian Fake News Bill: Strong Content Moderation Accountability but Limited Hold on Platform Market Power
Javnost: The Public, volume 30, issue 2 (2023), pp. 253-267
"This article analyses the Brazilian PL 2630, so-called “fake news bill,” according to platform regulation approaches focused on speech, data, and market power. This law project was introduced in 2020 with the objective to fight disinformation campaigns in digital platforms such as social media
...
