Country and Region-Specific Safety Issues

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Journalists’ Level of Safety at Election Seasons in Southwest Nigeria

Sola Elijah Olorunda

Asia Social Issues, volume 16, issue 3, e260022 (2023), 11 pp.

"The study used survey-style descriptive research. All of southwest Nigeria’s media outlets made up the population. 200 respondents made up the study’s sample, using a multistage sampling approach that included stratified random and simple random sampling techniques. A questionnaire titled “Le ... more

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Syrian journalists covering the war: Assessing perceptions of fear and security

Lidia Peralta Garcia, Tania Ouariachi

Media, War & Conflict, volume 16, issue 1 (2023), pp. 44-62

"This article analyses the dangers and threats faced by Syrian journalists covering the conflict since the pro-democracy protests erupted in March 2011. While most Western research on the Syrian Revolution has focused on the working difficulties faced by correspondents, parachutists or foreign freel ... more

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Precarity in the journalistic workforce during the COVID-19 pandemic: A representative survey of Belgian journalists

Sarah Van Leuven, Bart Vanhaelewyn, Karin Raeymaeckers

ECREA Journalism Studies Section Conference 'Journalism Studies Meets Practice' (2023), 1 p.

"The Center for Journalism Studies (Ghent University, Belgium) has a long tradition in profiling studies of journalists based on survey research in collaboration with the Belgian associations of professional journalists (VVJ and AJP). Every five years (since 2003, last wave in 2018), a representativ ... more

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‘Repackaging the emptiness’: How Russian regional journalism adapts to the COVID-19 pandemic

Elina Erzikova, Wilson Lowrey

Newspaper Research Journal, volume 44, issue 1 (2023), pp. 92-110

"The COVID-19 pandemic has underscored the role news organizations play in disseminating information and shaping public response to the crisis. This study adopts an ecological approach in examining Russian regional journalists’ adaptations to the pandemic. Based on in-depth interviews, the study f ... more

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‘No difference between journalism and suicide’: Challenges for journalists covering conflict in Balochistan

Sidra Agha, Márton Demeter

Media, War & Conflict, volume 16, issue 3 (2023), pp. 344-363

"The safety of journalists reporting from conflict zones is a complex issue as they are exposed to a variety of challenges on a daily basis. This research aims to identify those multi-dimensional challenges that make Balochistan one of the world’s riskiest places for journalists. Based on 30 in-de ... more

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Harassed and Hushed: Bangladeshi Women Journalists’ Experiences of Gender Discrimination and Sexual Harassments

Priyanka Kundu, Maliha Tabassum

Athens Journal of Mass Media and Communications, volume 9, issue 3 (2023), pp. 185-202

"A large number of Bangladeshi women journalists are facing gender discrimination and sexual harassment in the workplace. This is one of the contributing factors in excluding women journalists’ voices from the public sphere. Drawing on the feminist approach of structure and agency theory, the stud ... more

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Fleeing Danger for a Better Life? A Social-ecological Study of Internally Displaced Journalists in Mexico

Marcelino Nieto-Brizio, Mireya Márquez-Ramírez

Journalism Studies, volume 24, issue 7 (2023), pp. 990-1007

"The study of forced internal displacement (FID) frequently focuses on the personal effects of structural violence. However, the targeted victimization of members of risky occupations is less studied, neglecting the importance of professional factors in mediating people's experiences of displacement ... more

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Social media and online hostility: Experiences of women in Irish journalism

Dawn Wheatley

Dublin: Irish Research Council; Dublin City University (2023), 60 pp.

"The public’s increased access to journalists via social networks is arguably the defining shift in audience-media relations over the past two decades. While some laud this potential for dialogue, the reality is that many journalists face targeted hostility, with women often subjected to particula ... more

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Journalistic Responsibilities Amid Primordial Pressure in Reporting Conflict in Benue State, Nigeria

Paul Aondover Igbashangev, Cyprian Terhemba Gbasha

SSRN (2023), 39 pp.

"Conflict is a dangerous situation but when it is properly managed and reported, it becomes a blessing to the parties experiencing it. This study examined the responsibilities of journalists and the pressure they encounter while reporting conflicts in Benue State of Nigeria. The study adopted a qual ... more

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Moving Beyond the Protest Paradigm? News Coverage of International Women’s Day Marches in Mexico

C. González de Bustamante G. Salazar Rebolledo

In: Violence Against Women in the Global South: Reporting in the #MeToo Era

Andrea Jean Baker, Celeste González de Bustamante, Jeannine E. Relly (eds.)

Cham: Palgrave Macmillan (2023), pp. 113-143

"The chapter examines how news coverage of feminist protests in Mexico, one of the most violent countries in the world for women and for journalists, has changed in mainstream Mexican media since the #MeToo movement’s revitalization after 2017. With few exceptions, news coverage in Mexico, a count ... more

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Impact of Job Risks on Job Performance and Propensity to Quit Journalism among Television Camerapersons Covering Conflicts in Nigeria

Verlumun Celestine Gever, Felix Olajide Talabi, Joshua Kayode Okunade, Ayodeji Boluwatife Aiyesimoju, Bernice Sanusi, Samson Adedapo Bello, Oberiri Destiny Apuke

Electronic News, volume 17, issue 2 (2023), pp. 76-92

"This study examined the impact of job risks on job performance and the propensity to quit journalism among 576 TV camerapersons covering insecurity in Nigeria. The result of the study showed a significant main effect of job risks on job performance, F(2,548)*=*241.016, p*=*.001, eta squared, *p2*=* ... more

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Harassment’s Toll on Democracy: The Effects of Harassment Towards US Journalists

Kaitlin C. Miller

Journalism Practice, volume 17, issue 8 (2023), pp. 1607-1626

"Journalists in democratically “free” countries have faced harassment from those external to the newsroom for decades, though that has recently increased in the United States by many accounts. To assess the effects of such harassment in the United States, 32 journalists were interviewed and more ... more

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The growing norm of sexual harassment in Pakistan’s mainstream and ethnic news media

Sadia Jamil

Media Asia, volume 50, issue 3 (2023), pp. 397-417

"Across time, in a variety of forms and spaces -from homes and workplaces to digital domains of social media- women have become victims of sexual harassment. Over the last couple of years, the world has witnessed appalling cases followed under the #MeToo campaign that has inspired an increasing numb ... more

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“Living a lie at the workplace”: Ghanaian Media Practitioners’ understanding of emotional labour and response patterns

Collins Badu Agyemang, Maxwell Asumeng, Benjamin Amponsah, Christopher Charles Mate-Kole, Feikoab Parimah

IFE PsychologIA, volume 31, issue 1 (2023), ?? pp.

"The authors saw the need to explore the emotional labour experiences of media practitioners owing to the sparse literature on the phenomenon from an African perspective. The study explored how media practitioners explain emotional labour, the factors that predispose them to emotional labour experie ... more

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Between Shadows and Stories: Navigating the Journey of Afghan Journalists, from Aug. 15, 2021 to Aug. 15, 2023

Afghanistan's National Journalists Union (2023), 17 pp.

"The Afghan media landscape stands at a crossroads, navigating a landscape rife with challenges and uncertainties in the wake of the Taliban's resurgence. The post-Taliban era, marked by a thriving media sector with 160 television channels, 311 radio stations, 90 print newspapers, and 26 news agenci ... es, has witnessed a drastic transformation. The current media landscape, with 70 television channels, 211 radio stations, 11 print newspapers, and 9 news agencies, reflects a significant decline in numbers and diversity. Under the de facto rule of the Taliban, the media sector has encountered substantial constraints. Censorship and self-censorship have become rampant, with journalists and media outlets navigating the perilous territory of permissible content. Threats, intimidation, and violence against media professionals have created an atmosphere of fear, leading to an exodus of skilled journalists. Investigative journalism, once a cornerstone of accountability, has been stifled, and access to unbiased information has dwindled, leaving citizens ill-informed. The closure of media outlets has far-reaching implications, including restricted information flow, suppressed free speech, and diminished content diversity. The narrative has further fragmented between Kabul and the provinces, where media freedom varies significantly. Female journalists remain conspicuously absent in many regions, underscoring the entrenched gender disparity in the field. International media outlets, under surveillance and restraints, grapple with maintaining their operations and integrity in an increasingly controlled environment. Social media, once a platform for open dialogue, faces censorship and restrictions, hampering the exchange of ideas. As Afghanistan's media landscape evolves, the absence of comprehensive legal frameworks has exacerbated challenges. The suspension of the Mass Media Law and the Access to Information Law during the transitional phase has left media professionals in a legal gray area. The need for inclusive consultations with media stakeholders to shape these laws cannot be overstated. In this complex milieu, it is evident that safeguarding the media's role as a communication bridge between the government and the people is paramount. Collaborative efforts between the Islamic Emirate, the international community, and media support organizations are essential to prevent the collapse of Afghanistan's media landscape." (Conclusion, pages 16-17) more

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Boundaries, Barriers, and Champions: Understanding Digital Security Education in US Journalism Programs

Jennifer R. Henrichsen, Martin Shelton

Journalism Studies, volume 24, issue 3 (2023), pp. 309-328

"Journalists are increasingly attacked in response to their work yet they often lack the necessary support and training to protect themselves, their sources, and their communications. Despite this, there has been limited scholarly attention that addresses how journalism schools approach digital secu ... more

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In-Between Journalism and Media Development: Negotiating Journalist Safety within Decolonising African Contexts

Viola Candice Milton, Winston Mano

In: Decolonising Journalism Education in South Africa: Critical Perspectives

Ylva Rodny-Gumede, Colin Chasi, Zubeida Jaffer, Mvuso Ponono (eds.)

London; New York: Routledge (2023), pp. 163-186

"Media development has long been a staple in Africa and literature about its conceptualisations, practices and impact abound. One defining characteristic of this literature is that it focuses primarily on media development’s impact on the media’s ability to resist penetration by the state. This ... more

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National Mechanism for the Safety & Protection of Journalists in Kenya

Media Council of Kenya; Kenya Media Sector Working Group (2023), 5 pp.

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Resisting the Individualization of Risk: Strategies of Engagement and Caution in Journalists’ Responses to Online Mobs in the United States and Germany

Efrat Nechushtai

Digital Journalism, volume 11, issue 10 (2023), pp. 1906-1923

"Increasing levels of toxicity, harassment, trolling, and doxxing targeting journalists are a global problem that adversely affects journalism and democratic life. This study offers a comparative analysis of journalistic responses to online violence in the United States and Germany, based on 87 inte ... more

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Safety of Journalists in Ghana

Theodora Dame Adjin-Tettey

In: The State of the Ghanaian Media Report

Abena Animwaa Yeboah-Banin (ed.)

Accra: University of Ghana, Department of Communication Studies; Media Foundation for West Africa (MFWA) (2023), pp. 60-70

"The continual threats against the lives of journalists have been blamed for Ghana’s decline in the World Press Freedom Index ranking for the past two years. Even though much of the evidence for this has primarily been anecdotal, various efforts have been undertaken to compile reports of abuses th ... more