Safety of Journalists CFOM Sheffield

The Centre for Freedom of the Media (CFOM) at the University of Sheffield (UK) is an interdisciplinary research centre with global outreach on issues of media freedom, journalism safety, editorial standards and impunity. During the 2022 Academic Consultation on the UN Plan of Action on the Safety of Journalists and the Issue of Impunity, CFOM conducted a literature stocktake to scope out academic literature published in the area of media freedom, journalism safety and impunity. CFOM collated this information and produced a literature database organised by themes or countries for accessibility. The collection is especially strong on country- and region-specific safety issues and on surveys of emotional wellbeing of journalists. This special collection is curated by gemma.horton@sheffield.ac.uk.

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Dicing with death: Analyzing the killings of Pakistani journalists with a focus on Arshad Sharif case

Rabia Noor, Noshina Nazir

Journal of ISOSS, volume 9, issue 2 (2023), pp. 631-642

"Journalists in Pakistan are losing their lives during the course of their duty. This study identifies the factors and actors behind the killings of Pakistani journalists and the role of stakeholders and media owners in compromising journalists’ safety, under the lens of social responsibility theo ... more

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Google Scholar (33)

WorldCat (30)

The Joy in Journalism

Richard Stupart

In: Happiness in Journalism

Valérie Bélair-Gagnon, Avery E. Holton, Mark Deuze, Claudia Mellado (eds.)

London; New York: Routledge (2023), pp. 19-24

"This chapter argues that we should take seriously the possibility that particularly morally entangled forms of journalism, such as conflict and investigative reporting, might be deeply emotionally fulfilling." (Abstract)

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WorldCat (29)

A Decolonial Analysis of the Cyberbullying of South African Women Journalists

Glenda Daniels

In: Decolonising Journalism Education in South Africa: Critical Perspectives

Ylva Rodny-Gumede, Colin Chasi, Zubeida Jaffer, Mvuso Ponono (eds.)

London; New York: Routledge (2023), pp. 135-148

"At the heart of decolonial theory is the love for woman, particularly black woman, as the most oppressed of political categories in the old colonial structures of race, class and gender hierarchy. This chapter uses decolonial theory, specifically Chela Sandoval’s concept of ‘decolonial love’ ... more

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Google Scholar (27)

WorldCat (24)

The Digitization of Harassment: Women Journalists’ Experiences with Online Harassment in the Philippines

Edson C. Tandoc Jr., Karryl Kim Sagun, Katrina Paola Alvarez

Journalism Practice, volume 17, issue 6 (2023), pp. 1198-1213

"Through interviews with women journalists in the Philippines, this study documents and examines their experiences with online harassment. Three main themes stand out. First, we find that online harassment against journalists follows a systematic process that starts from the top, is followed through ... more

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Blurred Boundaries of Journalism to Guarantee Safety: Approaches of Resistance and Resilience for Investigative Journalism in Latin America

Lucia Mesquita, Mathias Felipe de Lima Santos

Journalism Studies, volume 24, issue 7 (2023), pp. 916-935

"News organizations and journalists around the world have seen an increase in threats and attacks against themselves and their work. In Latin America, this is heightened by the ongoing state of violence. To continue producing quality investigative journalism, professionals must find ways to deal wit ... more

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Google Scholar (29)

WorldCat (31)

Happiness in Journalism

Valérie Bélair-Gagnon, Avery E. Holton, Mark Deuze, Claudia Mellado (eds.)

London; New York: Routledge (2023), xi, 204 pp.

"This book examines how journalism can overcome harmful institutional issues such as work-related trauma and precarity, focusing specifically on questions of what happiness in journalism means, and how one can be successful and happy on the job. Acknowledging profound variations across people, genre ... more

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“Let’s Draw a Line between Dos and Don’ts”: Pakistani Journalists’ Perspectives about the Ethics of Conflict-Sensitive Reporting

Sadia Jamil, Gifty Appiah-Adjei

Journalism and Media, volume 4, issue 1 (2023), pp. 177-196

"In conflict-ridden countries, the news media has a pivotal role to perform as an active advocate of human rights and societal peace, as well as a facilitator of conflict mitigation and resolution through the gathering and dissemination of non-partisan information. While today the world witness arme ... more

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WorldCat (20)

Resisting the Individualization of Risk: Strategies of Engagement and Caution in Journalists’ Responses to Online Mobs in the United States and Germany

Efrat Nechushtai

Digital Journalism, volume 11, issue 10 (2023), pp. 1906-1923

"Increasing levels of toxicity, harassment, trolling, and doxxing targeting journalists are a global problem that adversely affects journalism and democratic life. This study offers a comparative analysis of journalistic responses to online violence in the United States and Germany, based on 87 inte ... more

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Google Scholar (35)

WorldCat (27)

Pandemic, politics, and the safety of journalists: Downward spiral of press freedom in India

Sanviti Iyer, Mochish KS

Review of Communication, volume 23, issue 3 (2023), pp. 210-227

"According to the 2023 World Press Freedom Index rankings by the RSF, India ranks 161 out of 180 countries. One of the important indicators that the index bases the ranking on is the level of violence against the journalists and their overall safety. During the COVID-19 pandemic, the Indian governme ... more

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WorldCat (23)

Worsening Safety Conditions for Women Journalists in Turkey’s Alternative News Media

Özlem Erkmen, Bora Ataman, Baris Çoban

Journalism Studies, issue 7 (2023), pp. 857-875

"This study, drawing on alternative journalism theory takes a postcolonial feminist approach to investigating the lived experiences and gender-based safety problems of women journalists working for alternative media in Turkey. It evaluates the impact on their professional and private lives of Islami ... more

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Cartoonists on the line: Report on the situation of threatened cartoonists around the world 2020-2022

Cartooning for Peace; UNESCO (2023), 32 pp.

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External Monitoring of Coercive Agents and the Murders of Journalists: A Cross-National Study of Journalist Killings, 1992–2018

Berkay Alica

Human Rights Quarterly, volume 45, issue 1 (2023), pp. 32-61

"Targeted attacks on journalists are internationally condemned crimes, which not only undermine freedom of expression, but also symbolize an utter disregard for basic human rights. Yet, murders of journalists occur in all types of regimes, whether autocratic or democratic. This article explores the ... more

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Google Scholar (23)

WorldCat (22)

Repressed media and illiberal politics in Turkey: The persistence of fear

Murat Akser, Banu Baybars

Southeast European and Black Sea Studies, volume 23, issue 1 (2023), pp. 159-177

"This article examines the historical roots of the role of successive Turkish governments’ fear of media and Turkish media’s fear of government authority with respect to the development of press freedom over the long run and closely analyzes the historical pressures imposed on journalists throug ... more

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Google Scholar (29)

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Preparing to publish: How journalists negotiate content restrictions in semi-authoritarian states

Ruth Moon

International Communication Gazette, volume 85, issue 2 (2023), pp. 120-140

"Journalists act strategically in response to their political environments, using practices like self-censorship to avoid negative repercussions from powerful actors. But what does self-censorship look like in practice? Grounded in theories of policy response and media sociology, this study uses jou ... more

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Strategic Rituals of Loyalty: When Israeli Journalists Face Digital Hate

Ayala Panievsky

Digital Journalism, volume 11, issue 10 (2023), pp. 1940–1961

"This article examines how and why Israeli journalists use their military service as a shield in response to online violence and digital hate. This practice, termed here the military-as-alibi strategy, is highly consequential. First, it excludes Israeli citizens who are exempt from military service ... more

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‘Forced to report’: Affective proximity and the perils of local reporting on Syria

Omar Al-Ghazzi

Journalism, volume 24, issue 2 (2023), pp. 280–294

"Based on interviews with Syrian media practitioners, this article uses the notion of affective proximity to make sense of local media practitioners’ reporting and witnessing of suffering in their country and community. I argue that the life-risking, and sometimes deadly, media practices of local ... more

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WorldCat (39)

News, Negativity, and the Audience's Role in Finding Happiness in Journalism

Seth C. Lewis

In: Happiness in Journalism

Valérie Bélair-Gagnon, Avery E. Holton, Mark Deuze, Claudia Mellado (eds.)

London; New York: Routledge (2023), pp. 193-195

"This commentary argues that caring about mental health and well-being in journalism begins with journalists, but it also should include corresponding care for news audiences." (Abstract)

External Link (26)

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WorldCat (22)

Embedded authoritarianism: The politics of poor press freedom in Indian Kashmir

Tawseef Majeed

Media, Culture & Society, volume 44, issue 3 (2022), pp. 613–624

"The current article explores journalism practice amid waning press freedom in Indian Kashmir. Contextualising the recent renovation and introduction of authoritative new media policy 2020, the article maps the constant struggles of the journalists in the region. I consulted five working journalists ... more

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Report on Open Source Digital Safety Tool Ecosystem

Internews (2022), 18 pp.

"This is a report on the health of the open-source digital safety tool ecosystem that draws from the BASICS experience. Internews' BASICS project (Building Analytical and Support Infrastructure for Critical Security tools) was a 30-month initiative to strengthen the capacity of open source digital s ... more

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A Guide to Protecting Newsrooms and Journalists Against Online Violence

Ela Stapley

International Women's Media Foundation (IWMF) (2022), 45 pp.

"This guide is designed for newsroom management who want to create and implement online abuse policies to better protect their staff. The guide will: help you think through which policies are best suited to your newsroom; provide you with stand-alone policy templates you can adapt to the needs of yo ... more