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Countries
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Georgia: Media Consumption and Audience Perceptions Research

Thomson Reuters Foundation (2021), 45 pp.
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Hate Speech 2020

Tina Gogoladze
Media Development Foundation (MDF) (2021), 32 pp.
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Georgia: An Information Ecosystem Assessment

Anna Keshelashvili, Maia Mikashavidze, Ekaterine Basilaia, Teo Kavtaradze, Mariam Menabde
Internews (2021), 3 parts
"Internews’ Global Tech and Europe & Eurasia teams conducted an extensive information ecosystem assessment (IEA) study in Georgia with a team of local researchers and experts. This IEA examines every region in Georgia, including minority language communities, and adopts a specific focus on social ... more
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Online Harassment of Female Journalists in Bangladesh: Forms, Reactions, and Consequences

Priyanka Kundu, Md. Mahbubul Haque Bhuiyan
In: Handbook of Research on Discrimination, Gender Disparity, and Safety Risks in Journalism
Sadia Jamil, Baris Çoban, Bora Ataman, Gifty Appiah-Adjei (eds.)
Hershey, PA: IGI Global (2021), pp. 143-166
"The online harassment of female journalists is a rising concern around the world and also in South Asia. Bangladesh, a South Asian country, recently, has experienced an increasing number of harassments against female journalists online. Various studies explored the online harassment, mostly from th ... more
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The Voice of Women and Challenges of Gender Equality in Georgian Media

Mariam Gersamia, Maia Toradze, Liana Markariani
In: Handbook of Research on Discrimination, Gender Disparity, and Safety Risks in Journalism
Sadia Jamil, Baris Çoban, Bora Ataman, Gifty Appiah-Adjei (eds.)
Hershey, PA: IGI Global (2021), pp. 232-250
"This research analyzes the media landscape in Georgia from a gender equality perspective to identify the existing stereotypes dominant in Georgian media organizations. Georgia (country) faces the challenges related to femicide, domestic violence, employment of women, early or forced marriages, sexu ... more
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The Monitored Watchdogs: Journalists’ Surveillance and its Repercussions for their Professional and Personal Lives in Pakistan

Sadia Jamil
Journalism Studies, volume 22, issue 7 (2021), pp. 878-895
"Journalists, across the world, are ever more at risk of surveillance from state and non-state antagonists. However, to work safely in a monitored environment is a substantial challenge for journalists. In such regimes, journalists and media organizations are often prone to attacks by the state auth ... more
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Georgian Mainstream Media in a Polarized Political Environment: A Victim and an Accomplice

Lasha Kavtaradze
Caucasus Analytical Digest, issue 123 (2021), pp. 13-17
"This paper problematizes the role of the Georgian mainstream media in the current polarized political environment. First, political actors, including the government and political parties, significantly affect the way these media organizations work. Second, mainstream media outlets behave as direct ... more
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Role of Frequency Modulation Radio in Disaster Communication: A Case Study of Pakistan Earthquake

Syed I. Rahman, Nauman Sial, Sanya Moazzam
Jàmbá - Journal of Disaster Risk Studies, volume 13, issue 1: a1047 (2021), 9 pp.
"Pakistan suffered from a massive earthquake in October 2005 that caused the deaths of more than 87 000 people. As a result of this calamity, around 3.5 million affected people had no access to information. In these scenarios, community media became an important catalyst. In developing countries, ra ... more
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The politics of impunity: A study of journalists’ experiential accounts of impunity in Bulgaria, Democratic Republic of Congo, India, Mexico and Pakistan

Jackie Harrison, Stefanie Pukallus
Journalism, volume 22, issue 2 (2021), pp. 303-319
"Definitions of impunity regarding crimes against journalists have thus far been too narrow. Therefore, we propose a new approach to understanding impunity as also being grounded in journalists’ lived reality and perceptions to better understand the complexity and breadth of impunity. It is based ... more
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The new frontline: Women journalists at the intersection of converging digital age threats

Julie Posetti
In: Insights on Peace and Conflict Reporting
Kristin Skare Orgeret (ed.)
London; New York: Routledge (2021), 18 pp.
"The chapter identifies the new threats posed by digital developments and how they affect women journalists in particular. There are three main converging safety threats confronting women journalists in the digital age: online harassment and abuse against women journalists; orchestrated disinformati ... more
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Socio-Economic Impact of COVID-19 and Media Consumption Among Vulnerable Communities in Central Asia

Samuel Doveri Vesterbye, Shairbek Dzhuraev, Andreas Marazis
European Neigbourhood Council; Internews (2021), 44 pp.
"Social media (Instagram, Facebook, Telegram followed by Twitter) are the biggest information channels in general, but especially for youth, with preference for visual content (short videos, reels, pictures with quotes, little text). For example, in Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan between 50% and 63% of l ... more
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National Regulatory and Self-Regulatory Framework Against Hate Speech and Disinformation: Factsheet Turkey

Sinem Aydinli
Ljubljana: South East European Network for Professionalization of Media (SEENPM) (2021), 14 pp.
"The current legislation should include a direct expression of hate speech and expand the scope of hate speech in terms of person and subject as much as possible. The anti-discrimination state bodies should focus on protecting the human rights of the most vulnerable groups, broadening legal protecti ... more
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Mobile Technology and Social Transformations: Access to Knowledge in Global Contexts

Stefanie Felsberger, Ramesh Subramanian (eds.)
London; New York: Routledge (2021), xviii, 180 pp.
"This book investigates the ways in which the mobile telephone has transformed societies around the world, bringing both opportunities and challenges. At a time when knowledge and truth are increasingly contested, the book asks how mobile technology has changed the ways in which people create, disse ... more
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Caste-Hate Speech: Addressing Hate Speech Based on Work and Descent

Murali Shanmugavelan
International Dalit Solidarity Network (2021), 33 pp.
"Caste discrimination remains one of the world’s most serious human rights issues. It is intrinsically linked with hate speech, but as this report has demonstrated, insufficient attention has been paid to the caste-based aspects of hate speech. All too often, caste-hate speech is allowed to contin ... more
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Unshackling Expression: A Study on Laws Criminalising Expression Online in Nepal

Bhaktapur (NP): Body & Data; Association for Progressive Communications (APC) (2021), 28 pp.
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Sexism and Gender Discrimination in Pakistan's Mainstream News Media

Erum Hafeez, Luavut Zahid
In: Handbook of Research on Discrimination, Gender Disparity, and Safety Risks in Journalism
Sadia Jamil, Baris Çoban, Bora Ataman, Gifty Appiah-Adjei (eds.)
Hershey, PA: IGI Global (2021), pp. 60-89
"This research aims to examine how sexism and gender discrimination impacts women journalists in Pakistan. The International Federation of Journalists (2018-19) ranks Pakistan as the fourth most dangerous country for journalists. The Coalition for Women in Journalism declares Pakistan as the sixth-w ... more
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Afghanistan Media Landscape: Key Results

London: BBC Media Action (2021), 1 p.
"TV is the most popular media platform. Majority of TV viewers and radio listeners watch and listen to those media weekly. Urban, educated and younger people watch TV more than rural, less educated and older people. Men listen to radio and use internet more than women [...] A nationally representati ... more
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Post-regime-change Afghan and Iraqi media systems: Strategic ambivalence as technology of media governance

Mohammed A. Salih
Media, War & Conflict, volume 16, issue 2 (2021), pp. 228-245
"This article investigates the governance of post-US invasion Afghan and Iraqi media systems by analyzing provisions pertinent to public broadcasting, licensing, and defamation in 14 laws and policy documents in the two nations. The author argues that the results point to a regime of regulatory ambi ... more
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Pakistan's Internet Landscape 2020

Jahanzaib Haque, Shah Bano Ali Khan
Islamabad: Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung (FES); Bytes for All (2021), 89 pp.
"The internet brought new opportunities for Pakistan to develop into a progressive society and a more democratic country, and it opened doors for more forms of criminal activity (like fraud, child pornography, etc.), more intimidation and the spreading extremism, and more information gathering on ci ... more
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Archival Silences

Michael S. Moss, David Thomas
London; New York: Routledge (2021), xiv, 257 pp.
"Archival Silences demonstrates emphatically that archival absences exist all over the globe. The book questions whether benign ‘silence’ is an appropriate label for the variety of destructions, concealment and absences that can be identified within archival collections. Including contributions ... more