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Are Donors Taking the Journalism Crisis Seriously? An Analysis of Official Aid to Media 2010–2019

Mary Myers, Heather Gilberds

Washington, DC: Center for International Media Assistance (CIMA) (2024), 32 pp.

"Donor agencies are saying that they are committed to media development and are trying to learn from the past but many of the same challenges that have beset the sector for years remain. And media support is still low on the list of aid priorities and can easily be cut when crises such as COVID‑19 ... and the war in Ukraine strike. In the eyes of the media INGOs, the OECD DAC donors are still not providing adequate, stable, or predictable funding or clear media development strategies. All media INGOs, and many donor officials, are working in a constant state of uncertainty about whether there will be true commitments—or cuts—just around the corner. There still appear to be more questions than answers in the sector. Among those interviewed for this study, for every donor or implementer who looked back with pride at the last decade’s successes in a country or on a theme, another questioned that same theme or strategy. Each donor agency has its own subtly different priorities and approaches. The more technical aspects—the search for commercial sustainability and the avoidance of aid dependency, how to promote public trust in media, how best to build journalistic capacity, and how to promote localization and a truly bottom‑up approach—are some of the issues that still have no solutions. Nonetheless, compared with a decade ago, there appears to be a better understanding of media among the major donors. They are also increasingly concerned about the impact of technology and digital governance on news media and recognize the dangers associated with social media and information pollution. There is also a greater commitment to multilateral diplomatic efforts, such as the Media Freedom Coalition (started by the United Kingdom and Canada in 2019), the Summit for Democracy (launched in 2021 by the United States), the International Partnership for Information and Democracy (launched by France in 2019), and possibly what may be emerging as a “diplomatic turn” in media development. Donor governments are increasingly talking to recipient country governments and lobbying for changes such as improved journalist safety, an end to impunity for attacks on journalists, trial observations by the international community, granting of emergency visas, and so on." (Conclusions, pages 25-26) more

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Crisis under the coup: Gender-based discrimination, violence and sexual harassment against Myanmar women media professionals

Myanmar Women in Media (2024), 19 pp.

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“No One Is Going to Silence Me”: A Comparison of the Conditions for Press Freedom and Independent Journalism as a Prerequisite for Democracy in the United States, Sweden, and Egypt

Elin Rantakrans

In: Handbook of Applied Journalism: Theory and Practice

Leon Barkho, Jairo Alfonso Lugo-Ocando, Sadia Jamil (eds.)

Cham: Springer (2024), pp. 615-629

"This chapter looks at the status of the freedom of the press, and the legal possibilities and obstacles that affect media’s ability to hold power to account and safeguard the principles of democracy. The legal environment in countries as diverse as the United States, Egypt, and Sweden differs gre ... more

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Egyptian Journalists’ Perceptions of Digital Journalism Training Effectiveness

Nagwa Fahmy, Maha Abdulmajeed Attia

Sage Open, issue January-March (2024), 20 pp.

"This study examines the perceptions of Egyptian journalists of the effectiveness of professional training in digital journalism and determines the training-needs of journalists to adapt to innovative journalism practices. The study applies mixed descriptive methods based on The Motivation–Hygiene ... more

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An analysis of the effectiveness of civic education radio programmes among youths in Freetwon, Sierra Leone

John Peter Bebeley

Port Harcourt: Catholic Institute of West Africa, Master Thesis (2024), x, 141 pp.

"This study investigated the effectiveness of civic education radio programmes on the behaviour of the youth in Freetown, Sierra Leone and how assessing and evaluating them could restructure the approach in order to yield the desired goals of supplementing the conventional school systems. “There i ... more

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Experientially simulated others: Finding social support for mental health in digital games

Jeff Nicklas

Information, Communication & Society (2024), 17 pp.

"People with mental illness struggle to find connection and community due to a combination of stigma, social isolation, and adverse social experiences. Digital games, as an immersive and interactive media, can convey aspects of mental health experiences in thoughtful ways. I considered how players c ... more

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‘They blame the messenger’: Re-examining the critique of journalists reporting on genocide in Rwanda and Srebrenica

Caitlin Knight

Journalism, volume 25, issue 10 (2024), pp. 2117–2134

"Reporting on cases of genocide presents distinct complexities and challenges for journalists, who must negotiate practical, professional, and emotional experiences that challenge traditional expectations of their role. Previous research has provided strident critiques of this reporting, arguing Wes ... more

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Insurgency in northeast Nigeria: Are journalists safe to report?

Umaru A Pate, Abubakar Jibril

Journalism, volume 26, issue 6 (2024), pp. 1288-1306

"This article interrogates the effectiveness of the safety measures available for journalists in the challenging operational environment. The researchers conducted in-depth interviews with 16 journalists representing different organisations from the conflict-prone areas in northeast Nigeria. Finding ... more

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Libro blanco del audiovisual comunitario en Chile

Chiara Sáez, Jorge Avilés

Santiago de Chile: Universidad de Chile, Facultad de Comunicación e Imagen (2024), 285 pp.

"En la actualidad el sector se encuentra en una fase clave de su proceso de crecimiento y fortalecimiento. Cuenta con una asociación en interlocución con el Estado y con el Gobierno, por medio de distintos ministerios y organismos públicos. Sin embargo, esta no es una relación fácil. Está vinc ... ulada con la pregunta por la autonomía y la independencia; sobre cómo asegurar estos valores y principios sin renunciar a hacer efectiva la responsabilidad del Estado con respecto a asegurar la existencia y sostenibilidad en el tiempo de la comunicación comunitaria como parte de la diversidad del ecosistema de medios: la importancia de definir criterios y reglas del juego claras para esta relación, que no dependan de los gobiernos de turno, sino que sean parte de una política de Estado. Esta relación también incluye conocer cuál es la comprensión y la concepción de la comunicación comunitaria por parte de distintos agentes de poder en la sociedad. Esto incluye la pregunta por cuánto vale la vida de las y los comunicadores comunitarios y qué hace el Estado y sus instituciones por el resguardo de los derechos comunicativos de estos medios y de sus integrantes. En el sentido de la sostenibilidad social y organizacional, es muy relevante el rol que ocupa el lenguaje audiovisual como herramienta de representación y participación de las comunidades de referencia en los proyectos actuales y futuros. Solo una concepción colectiva y abierta de la producción audiovisual es la que conduce a la legitimidad de los proyectos en su entorno de desarrollo. Este ha sido uno de los temas centrales de este libro y los hallazgos dejan varias preguntas abiertas sobre cómo seguir profundizando en él. Una de ellas relativa a aquello que se asume tácitamente como parte de los temas, actores y espacios que los medios comunitarios tienen que cubrir o que tienen que ser representados en sus pantallas o micrófonos: ¿qué se deja fuera y por qué? ¿por decisión de quién? En el fondo, ¿cuánto sabemos de los públicos de las televisiones comunitarias, del público que los sigue y retroalimenta, pero también de aquellos que siendo parte de los espacios geográficos de referencia no se sienten representados ni consideran que este sea un espacio legítimo para amplificar su voz? Otra pregunta desde la perspectiva del lenguaje es aquella sobre la verdad y la manipulación: ¿es posible reconstruir la realidad mediante relatos, sean del tipo de que sean? La experiencia formativa llevada a cabo nos permite concluir que la pregunta por la verdad debe ser comprendida más bien como una pregunta por la veracidad, cuya construcción debe hacerse en base a al menos dos pilares: la honestidad y la construcción colectiva o intersubjetiva, tanto en la elaboración del relato como en el proceso: las personas que participan de un canal elaboran los mensajes desde su propia experiencia y valores, eso no se puede evitar, pero es importante que aquello que se relata se haga desde una posición lo más transparente posible y no dar nada por supuesto, que es una de las debilidades que encontramos y que se expresa, por ejemplo, en la ausencia de documentos o textos explícitos sobre las orientaciones programáticas o la línea editorial de cada medio." (Conclusiones, pp. 269-271) more

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Evaluation of the BMAP-Forward Activity

Sarah Eissler, Micheal Buehler, Brenda Pearson, Miodrag Bogdanovic, Anida Soko, Arben Qirezi

Washington, DC: USAID; Integra Government Services International (2024), 165 pp.

"Activity Description: The Balkan Media Assistance Program to Foster Organizational Readiness While Advancing Resilient Development (BMAP-FORWARD) is a $13 million regional Activity (2022-2028) that aims to strengthen the independence and resilience of media outlets in Bosnia and Herzegovina, Kosovo ... , Montenegro, North Macedonia, and Serbia. Evaluation Purpose: USAID/Europe and Eurasia Bureau requested a mid-term performance evaluation of BMAP-FORWARD to understand which approaches, tools, and interventions are successfully contributing to planned outcomes according to the Activity’s three key objectives: 1) Increase strategic business practices of key media partners to operate as viable enterprises and better understand their markets and audiences; 2) Reinforce the ability of content producers to produce data-driven content, engage wider audiences, improve digital security efforts, and expand reach across the region; and 3) Foster stronger partnerships between media outlets and the technology, commercial, and entrepreneurial sectors to advance solutions on common challenges in the information space. Evaluation Design: Mixed methods and non-experimental evaluation design approaches, including Expert Consultations and Outcome Harvesting, were employed to collect and analyze primary and secondary data, including reviewing 140 documents, conducting 51 key informant interviews with experts, 47 in-depth interviews with recipients of assistance, an online Expert Survey (n=63), and conducting 13 interviews and an online validation survey (n=48) to substantiate outcome stories. All data were triangulated to inform the evidence base to develop each finding and conclusion. Key Findings: BMAP-FORWARD’s tailored and localized approach is a key strength of its ability to provide effective, useful, and timely assistance, which has strengthened Key Media Partners’ (KMPs’) shift towards strategic planning, ability to pursue diversified revenue sources, improve content production and technology use to engage wider audiences, produce data-driven content using new software, and engage in cross-border collaborations. BMAP-FORWARD assistance has strengthened KMPs’ digital security practices and protocols, although with room for improvement to sustain this support. While BMAPFORWARD has made inroads to foster partnerships between media and non-traditional actors, key factors inhibit progress towards this Activity Objective (Objective 3). Key Recommendations: BMAP-FORWARD should: 1) continue to employ the highly tailored approach to learn KMPs’ needs, co-create solutions and action plans, identify resources to implement solutions, and present new ideas; 2) consider providing more opportunities for intentional engagement for peer-to-peer learning for newsroom staff from different outlets, including non-KMPs and different media across the region; 3) consider investing in strengthening in-house expertise capacity or identify long-term solutions for each KMP to navigate the evolving digital security challenges; and 4) consider designing and marketing sessions at forums geared towards facilitating potential partnerships between private sector actors and KMPs, which can be followed by ongoing assistance to support KMPs in navigating how to structure partnerships." (Abstract) more

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Legal Strategies for Protecting Journalists in Conflict Zones

Fatimah Sahdan, Jelena Gregorius

Interdisciplinary Studies in Society, Law, and Politics, volume 3, issue 2 (2024), pp. 25-31

"The safety of journalists in conflict zones remains a critical concern, with myriad risks stemming from both physical and digital threats. This study aims to explore the legal strategies that can effectively protect journalists in these environments, focusing on understanding the existing legal fra ... more

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Une presse libre en contexte autoritaire ? Aide internationale et « démocratisation » par les médias en Jordanie

Simon Mangon

Critique Internationale, issue 104 (2024), pp. 37-58

"L’hypothèse centrale de cet article porte sur les appropriations stratégiques par le pouvoir politique jordanien de l’aide internationale destinée aux médias locaux. L’enquête me permet de montrer que des dispositifs de « démocratisation », visant à soutenir le pluralisme et la liber ... more

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Women Journalists in Mexico: They Will Not Silence Our Voices

Yennué Zárate Valderrama

In: The Routledge Companion to Journalism in the Global South

Bruce Mutsvairo, Saba Bebawi, Eddy Borges-Rey (eds.)

London; New York: Routledge (2023), pp. 378-387

"What are the challenges that Mexican women journalists face in a hostile environment for the press? Mexico is one of the deadliest countries in which to practice journalism. More than 160 reporters have been assassinated since 2000. Within this context, female journalists face a four-layered challe ... more

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Digital Ecosystem Country Assessment (DECA): Guatemala

Liliana Fernandez, Julio Herrera, Sergio Martinez, Susannah Horton

USAID, Digital Frontiers Project (2023), 112 pp.

"The Guatemala DECA report presents the findings and recommendations of the Guatemala DECA. It outlines the key aspects of Guatemala’s digital ecosystem and provides nine recommendations for creating a more inclusive, safe, and enabling environment. Guided by USAID/Guatemala priorities: i) partner ... more

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Informing an Uncertain Future II: Localizing Strategic Alignment with a conceptual analysis of 75 interviews with social impact leaders from East Africa

Jean-Louis Ecochard, Nicholas M. Kerastas

NetHope (2023), 24 pp.

"This whitepaper establishes that there is misalignment on the implementation of digital enabling strategies between global headquarters and the local humanitarian and development programs of East Africa. As headquarters of international NGOs – mostly based in the global north – participate in a ... more

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“I Definitely Would Appreciate a Little More Validation”: Toward an Ethics of Care in College Newsrooms and Journalism Education

Taylor Arrey, Chelsea Reynolds

Journalism & Mass Communication Educator, volume 78, issue 2 (2023), pp. 142–164

"Drawing on interviews with 10 U.S. student journalists, we introduce an ethics-of-care approach for trauma-informed journalism pedagogy. We express grave concern for mental health in journalism programs, offering an empirical snapshot of students’ traumas and coping strategies. We confirm that st ... more

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Investing in Facts: How the Business Community Can Support a Healthy Infosphere
Deep Insights

Marius Dragomir

Washington, DC: Center for International Media Assistance (CIMA); Center for International Private Enterprise (CIPE) (2023), 33 pp.

"This report builds off research conducted in Czechia, Romania, and Serbia by an international team of media experts. The research aimed to identify inspiring and impactful ways that the private sector in these countries is engaging in efforts to counter disinformation and bolster independent journa ... more

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Fairwork Colombia Ratings 2023: The Mobilities of Gig Work in Colombia

Oxford; Berlin: Fairwork (2023), 39 pp.

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Ethiopian Digital Media Information Ecosystem Assessment

Asrat Seyoum, Mihret Aschalew, Menychle Mesert

Internews (2023), 71 pp.

"[...] While Facebook and YouTube are the most preferred platforms for content consumption, Facebook stands as a less trusted platform among the audience (ranks 4th). Audiences prioritize quality entertainment, current information, reliable reporting, and educational value content, while content cre ... more

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Mitigating Risks to Journalists in the 2014 Gaza War

Michael Tasseron

Journalism Studies, volume 24, issue 7 (2023), pp. 976-989

"Reporting on the ongoing Israeli-Palestinian conflict poses a significant risk to the physical safety of journalists and other media professionals. At times of heightened conflict between the two sides, the magnitude of the risks journalists face increases exponentially. Journalists reporting from ... more

Investing in Facts: How the Business Community Can Support a Healthy Infosphere Deep Insights

Investing in Facts: How the Business Community Can Support a Healthy Infosphere
Deep Insights