"This study explores the relationships among U.S. public and non-profit organizations against the backdrop of the assistance they rendered to news media in Eastern European countries between 1989 and 1995. Ideological and administrative goals and strategies used by organizations such as the Departme ... nt of State, the USAID, and the USIA, the International Media Fund, the Soros Foundations, the Freedom Forum, and other U.S. foundations and NGOs are studied. A wide range of factors are discussed: basic values such as promoting a pluralist democracy and a U.S.-style media, the latter based on the First Amendment and a free-market economy; ideas such as conservatism, liberalism, and the national interest; the historical context with basic values and ideas about public and non-profit interaction and doctrines about foreign aid; the contemporary context with its emphasis on a changing political climate; different institutional cultures; the mobility of people; organizational goals such as efficient coordination and the strategies to achieve these goals such as the market, the network, and the hierarchy; and finally, the tensions among actors due to different abilities and desires to exercise power. By exploring these factors, the study makes visible the complex patterns of similarities and differences and of interaction among individual organizations as well as between the public and the non-profit sectors." (Publisher description) more

"Papers from an international conference held by the Protestant Academy of Arnoldshain (Schmitten, Federal Republic of Germany), the Protestant Association for Media Communication (Frankfurt, FRG) and the World Association for Christian Communication (London), with the common theme that all people a ... re entitled to equal rights of access to information technology. Articles discuss concentration of the media in both state and private hands, with its inevitable result on public opinion as it becomes more and more powerful; the danger that the increasing internationalization of media may prevent democratic control; and a final article, "Advertising and the Creation of Global Markets," contending that the new information technologies are creating an infrastructure that is making the 20th century "information age" a "commercial age" at a global level." (Eleanor Blum, Frances G. Wilhoit: Mass media bibliography. 3rd ed. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1990 Nr. 29) more

"Because data is the raw-stuff of information, and information is of primary importance in national development, the free flow of data becomes increasingly necessary for social development. In 'Transnational Data Flows in the Information Age' Hamelink looks closely at its worldwide distribution and ... finds, not surprisingly, that data, along with the accompanying social benefits resulting from technological information "normally do not befall the poor majority of the Third World." He enumerates the situation in detail, discussing the information age, telematics, transnational corporations and transnational data flows, the impact and disparities in the telematics, data regulation, and consideration of policy. Although emphasis is on the Third World, the background is of necessity general, including Western Europe and the U.S." (Eleanor Blum, Frances G. Wilhoit: Mass media bibliography. 3rd ed. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1990 Nr. 175) more