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Media focus
9277
2537
1696
1336
697
238
235
114
42
28
Publication Years
4393
5626
2694
842
415
198
1289
141
18
1
Methods applied
522
487
418
325
197
82
62
49
27
14
14
11
7
6
5
5
5
4
3
2
1
Journals
272
183
128
94
93
79
73
69
69
67
67
63
60
45
39
39
37
36
36
34
34
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Output Type
7681
3373
3323
630
220
181
130
71
Estudios sobre la industria de contenidos audiovisuales y pluralismo informativo en Colombia
Comisión de Regulación de Comunicaciones (CRCOM) (2021), 33 pp.
"Fruto de la convergencia tecnológica la industria de Contenidos audiovisuales ha cambiado en Colombia. Si bien, la audiencia continúa accediendo a los contenidos a través de TV (sea por señal abierta o por TV por suscripción), el fenómeno de acceso a contenidos difundidos por internet a trav
...
s de plataformas OTT es cada vez más común. Del lado de la TV se observan dos comportamientos en materia de las principales fuentes de ingresos. De una parte, entre 2014 y 2020 la pauta publicitaria para la TV nacional y TV regional y local ha acumulado una reducción de 48,7% y 39,2%, a pesar de mantener un share de pantalla entre el 61% y 55%. Del lado de los proveedores de televisión abierta privada, aunque han realizado esfuerzos por diversificar sus ingresos, a través de la venta de producciones ya realizadas y exhibidas en Colombia, como de guiones para su posterior adaptación en otros países y contextos, esta diversificación no revierte el comportamiento de la pauta publicitaria y los ingresos totales aun presentan una tendencia decreciente. Del lado de la financiación para la TV pública, los recursos han crecido en términos constantes un 33,7% en el mismo periodo. En materia de TV por suscripción, en los últimos 10 años ha acumulado un crecimiento de 68% en el número de suscriptores y de 24% entre 2014 y 2019 en los ingresos. Sin embargo, en el último periodo las tasas de crecimiento en suscriptores se moderaron y en el caso de los ingresos por suscriptor tuvieron una variación negativa derivada de la competencia en precios." (Conclusiones, página 31)
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Safe. Strong. Viable. The Symbiosis Between Media Safety and Media Viability
Bonn: Deutsche Welle DW Akademie (2021), 41 pp.
"The interviews and the analyses by the experts show that: –– Quality content increases safety. The editors interviewed for this publication confirm that fair and balanced journalism, which clearly distinguishes between facts and opinion and treats the people at the center of the story with resp
...
ect tends to lead to increased respect from the audience and makes the journalists less of a target for potential attackers. It also increases trust on the part of audiences as well as with advertisers willing to pay for content. –– Audience engagement plays a crucial role in terms of safety. No matter whether through a membership model, regular informal exchanges or listener clubs — an audience that values a certain media outlet will be less likely to accept any attacks against it. –– Flexible and resilient business models are a must-have. They help organizations to react to new threats, to adapt strategies, and to maintain high quality and independent reporting in times of crisis. –– No viability without digital security. A media outlet that loses all its data or whose data gets hacked and its sensitive sources revealed, loses everything: content and credibility. Online attacks are more likely and easier to carry out than physical attacks. Digital security is an essential part of any safety concept. –– Diversity pays off. During the COVID-19 crisis, women and minority groups came under particular attack all around the world, online and offline. To include their stories and perspectives is not only a moral obligation but also makes business sense as they make up an essential part of audiences anywhere on the globe." (Synopsis, page 39)
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Collective Memory and the Dutch East Indies: Unremembering Decolonization
Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press (2021), 334 pp.
"This book examines the afterlife of decolonization in the collective memory of the Netherlands. It offers a new perspective on the cultural history of representing the decolonization of the Dutch East Indies, and maps out how a contested collective memory was shaped. Taking a transdisciplinary appr
...
oach and applying several theoretical frames from literary studies, sociology, cultural anthropology and film theory, the author reveals how mediated memories contributed to a process of what he calls “unremembering.” He analyses in detail a broad variety of sources, including novels, films, documentaries, radio interviews, memoires and historical studies, to reveal how five decades of representing and remembering decolonization fed into an unremembering by which some key notions were silenced or ignored. The author concludes that historians, or the historical guild, bear much responsibility for the unremembering of decolonization in Dutch collective memory." (Publisher description)
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"Since 2014, PeaceTech Lab has undertaken research and worked with local partners in 13 countries to understand the dynamics of hate speech and the connection between the proliferation of hateful narratives online and violent events offline. This research and the resulting lexicons seek to identify
...
and contextualize the particular type of language that is likely to cause violence by exacerbating ongoing tensions and deepening ongoing crises within communities in conflict. Rather than assessing the general existence or prevalence of hate speech, each lexicon instead examines the most prevalent inflammatory terms, their origins and context, and their use in a particular country context. To successfully monitor and counter hateful speech in its degrees of severity, we must first identify the vocabulary most commonly used and the social and political context that makes these terms offensive, inflammatory, or potentially dangerous [...] As illustrated throughout this document, hate speech is both a symptom and cause of these divisions. In the context of CAR’s current reality of insecurity and conflict, inflammatory speech is used as a tool to achieve political and material ends. This ultimately results in the deepening of divisions between religious and ethnic communities, furthering of polarizing opinions, dehumanization of targeted groups, exacerbation of feelings of frustration and grievance, and lowering of the threshold to acts of violence." (Introduction)
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Public violence against journalists and media
Sur le Journalisme, About Journalism, Sobre Jornalismo, volume 10, issue 1 (2021), pp. 14-17
"Violence against journalists is nothing new. It has been around in various iterations for decades: harsh criticism of the profession, media headquarters ransacked and destroyed, journalists considered bargaining chips or a means to apply pressure during periods of conflict, or during political, eco
...
nomic and underworld turmoil. War correspondents are the most mediatized victims (Tumber, 2006), but this should not overshadow the violence local journalists experience in conflict zones (Palmer, 2019), or while investigating organized crime, drug trafficking or criminal economic and political activities. This violence against journalists by citizens and institutions is recorded, cataloged and denounced." (Abstract)
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What Keeps Fact-Checking Organizations Up at Night
Budapest: Center for Media, Data and Society (CMDS) (2021), 15 pp.
"One of the main challenges for fact-checkers seems to be to better and more effectively reach their audience. That means, on the one hand, improved skills and capacity to reach out to a specific group of followers, but also techniques to more efficiently use social media as an audience generation t
...
ool. Effective use of social media turns out to be a challenge of high importance for African fact-checking organizations in our sample in particular, which have thus far been slow in building a strong follower base on social media such as Facebook and Twitter. Credibility has also been mentioned as a major challenge for factchecking groups, with 22 out of 30 groups that responded in our poll saying that the challenge of gaining or maintaining credibility is “very important” or “fairly important.” Achieving a higher impact is an important challenge for many factchecking organizations as they seek methods that would help them to both measure and increase their impact. All African fact-checking groups included in our research indicated the challenge of impact to be “very important.” Impact of fact-checking remains a research gap as there is no solid evidence to understand how effective fact-checking is." (Key findings)
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Avances y retrocesos en las políticas de comunicación en la Argentina: Del consumo a los derechos y de los derechos a la incertidumbre
Buenos Aires; Los Polvorines: CLACSO; Universidad Nacional de General Sarmiento (2021), 185 pp.
"En el controvertido escenario de transición de los gobiernos kirchneristas al triunfo de la alianza Cambiemos y la relación entre medios de comunicación y política en la Argentina, se escribieron los artículos de este volumen. En la primera parte, autoras y autores problematizan las miradas so
...
bre las representaciones que construyen los medios de comunicación masiva y las prácticas de resignificación de sus audiencias. En la segunda, estudian las regulaciones a la comunicación y el modo en que estas consolidan o amplían derechos y posibilidades de producción y consumo." (Editorial)
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¿Qué quiere decir la paz? Sociología de los medios en el Acuerdo de La Habana
Sociedad & Economía, issue 45 (2021), 24 pp.
"¿Qué quiere decir la paz? Esta pregunta parece ser elemental; sin embargo, es difícil definirla. Esta investigación profundiza el análisis teórico y sociológico de la paz abordando las negociaciones entre el Estado colombiano y las Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia. Se parte del pr
...
incipio de que la paz, lejos de ser un concepto único, contempla una amplia gama de interpretaciones, articulada de manera diferenciada por los actores. Su objetivo es analizar la cobertura mediática de seis periódicos en torno a las negociaciones para determinar el tipo de paz que cada medio esbozó en su línea editorial. Por medio de un análisis de discurso de 568 editoriales, se construyó una tipología con cinco enfoques: securitario, liberal, constructivista, plural y ambiental. La mayoría de análisis en estudios de paz se enfocan en otros actores, excluyendo a los medios. El artículo demuestra que estos exhiben contribuciones sustanciales a los enfoques alternativos de paz." (Resumen)
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Open Data Country Report Bangladesh
Dhaka: Management and Resources Development Initiative (MRDI) (2021), viii, 41 pp.
The Struggle Over Narrative in Lebanon Post the October Uprising: Can the Alternative Groups Fight the Ruling Elite's Control Over Media?
Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung (FES) (2021), 49 pp.
"Despite the growing impact and diversity in the alternative media scene in Lebanon, and the key role they play in producing a counter-hegemonic narrative on political, economic, and sociological matters, they remain nonetheless lacking a viable and sturdy infrastructure. The latter is evident in th
...
eir lack of a legal infrastructure that could potentially guarantee the rights of their workforce on the long term and simultaneously further their causes. Likewise, their lack of sustainable and stable income generation and funding put strain on their continuity. Yet, most saliently, it is likely the divisive and loose structure that the alternative media scene currently has that mostly curtails its ability to build a parallel and equally competitive narrative against that maintained by the ruling elites and their associated institutions and clientalist networks. The fractures and fragility of the alternative media scene is not a product of its diversity, but rather of the absence of legal, economic, and institutional infrastructure that could built ground for a more collaborative and powerful counter-narrative. Indeed, should these initiatives muster efforts to create such infrastructure, the viability of the alternative media scene remains contingent to the presence of a strong and grounded political opposition force in the country. As this research has indicated, the role of alternative media and the advent of a counter-hegemonic narrative is inextricable from the broader political landscape." (Conclusion)
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Polyphony: Listening to the Listeners of Community Radio
Abingdon, Oxon; New York: Routledge (2021), 187 pp.
"The book discusses the socio-historical contexts which allowed community radio to thrive in India. It highlights its potential to create alternative spaces of representation, and opportunity and its importance in preserving and disseminating local knowledge and traditions. The author weaves togethe
...
r ethnographic research and literature, as well as personal narratives and stories of those involved in the field. Further, the monograph critically examines the impact of development agendas on community projects and processes, discussing in detail the pervasiveness of the development discourse in every aspect of community radio and how it manifests on air. It also illustrates the limitations of community radio, within the context of its participation in the 'spectacle of development'." (Publisher description)
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"Efforts to establish or improve national identification systems in Africa have coincided with the increasing deployment of mobile technology. This has led to the prioritisation of digital “solutions” for facilitating forms of identification and registration – often via biometric attributes [.
...
..] Research ICT Africa (RIA) and the Centre for Internet and Society (CIS) partnered in 2020 and 2021 to investigate, map, and report on the state of digital identity ecosystems in 10 African countries. The project looked at local, digitised (in full or partially) foundational ID systems in Ghana, Kenya, Lesotho, Mozambique, Nigeria, Rwanda, South Africa, Tanzania, Uganda, and Zimbabwe. The project set out to contribute to the broader question of whether digital identity ecosystems increase choices and opportunities for Africans, or whether they exacerbate the multidimensional aspects of digital inequality on the continent." (Executive summary)
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Resist 2: Counter-Disinformation Toolkit
Key Guides
Government Communication Service (GCS) (2021), 59 pp.
"This refreshed version of the RESIST toolkit reflects the new realities of the threat that mis- and disinformation poses today. It explores new techniques and tactics, and how organisations can effectively identify, monitor and respond. The toolkit takes a systematic, evidence-based approach for he
...
lping organisations build societal and individual resilience to disinformation." (Foreword, page 3)
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Strengthening Gender Sensitive Practices and Programming in Community Radio
Key Guides
Hyderabad: UNESCO Chair on Community Media, University of Hyderabad (2021), 98 pp.
"[This publication] is a manual aimed at enhancing women’s participation and reducing gender inequalities in all aspects of the operations of community radio stations in India. This gender-sensitivity manual is an outcome of a project granted by the International Programme for Development of Commu
...
nication (IPDC), UNESCO, to the UNESCO Chair on Community Media at the University of Hyderabad. As the name suggests, the overarching objective of the manual is to foster and reinforce best practices, policies, and programmes concerning gender in community radio (CR). It also seeks to ensure that the editorial content of CR stations remains gender sensitive at all times. The impetus of the project is also that the use of this gender-sensitivity manual by CR stations will contribute directly to the achievement of the key targets of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), especially the stand-alone Goal 5, which aims to “achieve gender equality and empower all women and girls.” (About the manual)
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A Portrait of Ugandan Journalists in Turbulent Times: A Survey Report
Kampala: African Centre for Media Excellence (ACME) (2021), v, 45 pp.
Globalizing the Battle Against Impunity
In: Regardless of Frontiers: Global Freedom of Expression in a Troubled World
New York: Colombia University Press (2021), pp. 227-252
"When press freedom groups began a campaign against impunity, they set out to gain justice in individual cases of journalists murdered for their work. Did a global norm evolve in the process? Among the rights guaranteed by the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, Article 19, is notable for its ele
...
gance and simplicity. It states, “Everyone has the right to freedom of opinion and expression; this right includes freedom to hold opinions without interference and to seek, receive and impart informa-tion and ideas through any media and regardless of frontiers.” It would seem elemental that this right cannot be exercised in practice when those who express critical views are systematically murdered with impunity. Yet between 1992 and 2020, 870 journalists were murdered in direct reprisal for their work. Each of these killings was more than a murder; it was an effective form of censorship that deprived whole societies of essential information and protected powerful figures from the scrutiny that would make them accountable to the people." (Abstract)
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Big Perpetrator Cambodian cinema, the documentary duel and moral resentment
Screen, volume 62, issue 1 (2021), pp. 37-58
"Perpetrator cinema is a new global phenomenon, an unprecedented 21st-century boom in films that deal with genocidal or other mass-killing events by focusing on the perpetrator figure as their main protagonist or interviewee. In many respects it sheds light on the 21st-century emergence of the new p
...
sychological-social-political era of the perpetrator. None of these films, however, is based on a direct confrontation between a first-generation survivor and a perpetrator. Even those that attempt to stage this confrontation – such as As We Forgive (USA, 2010), Laura Waters Hinson’s film about Rwanda – eventually pull back from or otherwise avoid its representation. Joshua Oppenheimer, Christine Cynn and Anonymous’s The Act of Killing (UK/Denmark/Norway, 2012) equally fails to enable such a confrontation, despite according centre stage to the paramilitary perpetrators responsible for massacres in Indonesia during the 1960s. Oppenheimer’s sequel, Senyap/The Look of Silence (2014), refers to the same historical events as The Act of Killing and partially stages this confrontation, but in representing family relationships, among other topics, it is not based entirely on this format. It differs, moreover, from what I characterize below as a ‘duel’ in describing the extraordinary confrontations characteristic of Cambodian perpetrator cinema, as neither Oppenheimer nor Cynn (co-director for The Act of Killing) are first-generation survivors confronting the perpetrator, and we cannot know the status of third co-director, Anonymous." (Abstract)
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