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Media focus
9408
2591
1718
1341
699
245
241
123
42
28
Publication Years
4575
5652
2697
846
415
198
1289
141
18
1
Methods applied
526
489
436
343
198
84
62
49
29
14
14
12
8
6
5
5
5
4
3
2
1
Journals
272
183
128
94
93
79
73
69
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68
67
64
60
45
39
39
38
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34
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Output Type
7793
3396
3384
630
225
182
138
74
War in Film: Semiotics and Conflict Related Sign Constructions on the Screen
Marburg: Büchner-Verlag (2022), 229 pp.
"Wars in films are […] always more than just the staging or presentation of a historical event; they offer an interpretation of these events that usually corresponds with other aspects, e. g. society's evaluation of war per se, or wishes about how specific events related to war should be commemora
...
ted within the public conscience. Of course, films can also act as a medium to criticize war, but the functionality of the filmic stagings of collective violence is usually determined by the interaction between producers and the audience of the film. The following chapters try to provide a variety of insights into these relationships, and although they focus on different time periods and aspects related to the semiotics, narratives, and perceptions of war in film, they all circle around certain questions related to war films in general. These are: 1. To what extent do war films present historical events that are already socio-culturally embedded within national narratives, and to what extent do their semiotics support or challenge common views about wars and collective violence? 2. Which conscious or subconscious images or visual semiotics are used within war films to connect the audience to the film and its narrative? 3. How do films create, transport, or intensify the perception and interpretation of wars within societies? To answer these, each of the contributions of the present volume engages with specific war films and connects their respective war-related motifs and narratives with these questions." (Introduction, page 7-11)
more
FactShala Media Literacy Initiative in India: An Impact Evaluation
Center for Media Studies (2022), 103 pp.
"From September 2020 to January 2021, 253 trainers delivered the FactShala training program to 23,347 adults in communities across India. The FactShala media literacy training program launched by Internews […], is an effective mechanism for spreading media and information literacy and building res
...
ilience to misinformation within communities experiencing exponential growth in access to and use of the internet. Internews commissioned the Centre for Media Studies to conduct a comprehensive impact evaluation of the FactShala training in July and August 2021. This report outlines the findings of that study. The key objectives of this study are to: 1. Assess how far FactShala improved trainees' awareness of and ability to identify online misinformation and disinformation; 2. Determine how far FactShala motivated trainees to share this knowledge with others; 3. Capture best practices in curbing misinformation and disinformation at the individual, organizational or community level; 4. Provide insights to help design or improve future training modules, curricula and capacity-building sessions." (Executive Summary, page 11-12)
more
Online Trolling of Journalists
"Academic studies and news stories alike have been documenting a quite devastating picture of the online trolling of journalists, especially women and minorities, around the world. The scale and the magnitude of trolling have attracted the attention of governments and international organizations, pa
...
rticularly those considering it a threat to human rights. This chapter examines the dimensions and consequences of online trolling of journalists and suggest four lines of action to address the problem. Although journalists across news organizations and news beats are frequent targets of trolling, not all journalists are similarly vulnerable. Trolling is disproportionately directed at two clusters of journalists. Digital harassment is both a relatively new form of anti-press violence and censorship as well as the continuation of authoritarian forces determined to silence critical journalism and other forms of public expression." (Abstract)
more
"Este documento define la comunicación estratégica para defensores de DD.HH., así como las etapas de esta y algunas recomendaciones estratégicas." (commbox)
Iniciativas de institucionalidad para la transparencia y rendición de cuentas de las grandes plataformas digitales
Paris: UNESCO (2022), 37 pp.
"Este informe elaborado por el Instituto de Desarrollo Digital de América Latina y el Caribe (IDD LAC) describe y analiza diversos modelos e iniciativas (tanto estatales como de la sociedad civil) sobre formas de institucionalidad para la supervisión de obligaciones de transparencia y rendición d
...
e cuentas de las grandes plataformas digitales, dado su creciente rol en el flujo de información y comunicación en Internet. Como corolario, se presentan una serie de conclusiones y recomendaciones que puedan ser insumos útiles para enriquecer la búsqueda de soluciones democráticas y adecuadas al entorno digital." (Observacom)
more
"La aparición de las redes sociodigitales a mediados de la primera década de 2000 fue recibida con entusiasmo y recelo por diversos sectores sociales. Los ciudadanos vieron en espacios como Facebook, Twitter y, más recientemente, Instagram, una consolidación de la autocomunicación de masas plan
...
teada por Manuel Castells en 1997 que acercaba el poder de la información y la comunicación a las personas del común, mientras los políticos dudaban entre si era un riesgo o una oportunidad en la disputa del poder en la opinión pública. Lo ocurrido en los casi veinte años de vida de las redes sociodigitales ha mostrado su poder de movilización social (Occupy Wall Street, Primavera Árabe, #MeToo) y su impacto político, pero también ha expuesto varios riesgos derivados del uso social y de los algoritmos que controlan la red, entre ellos las cámaras de eco, la espiral de silencio, el contenido engañoso (misinformation), el contenido falso (desinformación), el exceso de información (infodemia) y la presencia de bots que replican información para convertirla en tendencia u ocultar contenidos." (Publisher description)
more
Transformations in Afghan Media and Culture Through Cycles of Upheaval
Current History, volume 121, issue 834 (2022), pp. 135-140
"This article traces how the Afghan cultural, media, and arts sectors have gone through cycles of boom and bust in tandem with the country’s tumultuous history in recent decades, starting with the prewar golden era in the 1960s and 1970s, then focusing on the post-9/11 internationally funded media
...
expansion, and finally on the Taliban’s return to power. The current exodus of human talent, due to forced migration, dispossession, and displacement, amounts to a profound cultural loss. But the country has already been transformed by the influence of a period of media freedoms and an emergent public sphere that created space for democratic debate and cosmopolitan cultural expression." (Abstract)
more
UNESCO's Multi-Donor Programme on Freedom of Expression and Safety of Journalists (MDP) Action in Nepal: 2018-2021 Quadrennial Report, Country Summaries
Paris: UNESCO (2022), 4 pp.
"From 2018 to 2021, the implementation of the MDP has been significant for the community media sector of Nepal. UNESCO has led continuous multi-stakeholder dialogue towards an improved framework for community media sustainability. This included the endorsement of the definition of community broadcas
...
ting, the allocation of frequencies, ensuring ownership and participation of community members in radio stations, the establishment of an independent regulatory agency for media, and setting up an independent fund for the development of the broadcasting sector, with the aim of securing the government’s consideration. Duty bearers from federal, provincial, and local levels have themselves now become the advocates of community media friendly policy and a Mass Media Bill, currently under revision at the Ministry of Law and Justice, defines for the first time community radio and includes provisions for community radio operations." (Page 1)
more
Afrika und die Welt: Betrachtungen zur Globalgeschichte Afrikas in der Neuzeit
Bonn: Bundeszentrale für politische Bildung (bpb) (2022), 335 pp.
"Bis heute hält sich der globale Norden für kompetent, Erwartungen an Afrika zu formulieren und dessen Entwicklungen zu bewerten Der Afrikawissenschaftler Arno Sonderegger zeichnet nach, wie Europäer aus imaginierter Überlegenheit heraus über Jahrhunderte den Sklavenhandel aus Afrika betrieben
...
und den Kontinent in ausbeuterische frühkapitalistische Strukturen einbanden. Im 19. Jahrhundert legitimierten rassistische Theorien die europäische Kolonialherrschaft und rechtfertigten Missions- oder Forschungsreisen, die vor allem auf das vermeintlich ethisch Defizitäre oder Exotische afrikanischer Menschen abstellten. Nach 1945 veränderten sich unter dem Einfluss des Kalten Krieges, durch die panafrikanischen Bewegungen und den Prozess der Dekolonialisierung zwar die Beziehungen Europas zu Afrika, doch seien mit dem Neoliberalismus des ausgehenden 20. Jahrhunderts dort neue Formen ungleicher Machtverhältnisse entstanden. Viele Regionen und Gesellschaften auf dem afrikanischen Kontinent seien nach wie vor mit politischen, ökonomischen und sozialen Folgen der Kolonialherrschaft konfrontiert, die durch unterschiedliche Akteure instrumentalisiert würden. Vor allem aber, bilanziert Sonderegger, wirkten koloniale (Denk)muster überall dort nach, wo ein verzerrtes Bild der afrikanischen Geschichte und Gegenwart gezeichnet oder der Kontinent auf eine Statistenrolle in Weltpolitik und -wirtschaft verwiesen werde." (Verlagsbeschreibung)
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Transforming Journalism in Vietnam: An Exploration of Two Swedish Media Aid Projects
Journal of Applied Journalism & Media Studies, volume 11, issue 2 (2022), pp. 227-247
"In this article, I examine the development of journalism in Vietnam by exploring documentation from two media aid projects carried out by the Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency (Sida) from 1993 until 2007. The project documents contain fieldnotes, evaluations and reflections from
...
the trainers who were recruited from Swedish media houses to conduct training in Vietnam. A qualitative document analysis was used to examine the content with a conceptual framework built on notions of comparative media systems, global media ethics and the salience of social connections in Vietnam. The findings explore how the Swedish media aid intervened in the Vietnamese media by contributing to a technological transition of journalism although the training in newsroom management and media ethics were challenged by conflicting journalism ideology and social norms. The article contributes to the existing research on media development, reflections on media aid and the development of Vietnamese journalism by analysing project documents that provide first-hand information from a period when Vietnamese journalism underwent a dramatic transition towards the digitalized media system existing today." (Abstract)
more
Dokumentarfilm in Deutschland: Von den Anfängen bis zur Gegenwart
Bonn: Bundeszentrale für politische Bildung (bpb) (2022), 398 pp.
"Die Geschichte des dokumentarischen Films in Deutschland ist mehr als bloße Filmgeschichte. In ihr spiegelt sich auch die Medien-, Mentalitäts- und Gesellschaftsgeschichte. So thematisiert der Dokumentarfilm seit seinen Anfängen im ausgehenden 19. Jahrhundert die politischen, kulturellen und soz
...
ialen Auseinandersetzungen und Umbrüche. Die dokumentarischen Formen, ob in Kino, Fernsehen oder im Internet, haben die gesellschaftlichen Entwicklungen aus unterschiedlichen Perspektiven beobachtet, Missstände und Konflikte aufgezeigt und eine Vielfalt filmischer und erzählerischer Innovationen hervorgebracht. Trotz ihres Anspruchs, wirklichkeitsgetreue Abbilder der Realität zu vermitteln, standen sie im Laufe der Jahrzehnte aber immer wieder auch im Dienst von Werbung, Manipulation und Propaganda." (Verlagsbeschreibung)
more
A Systematic Literature Review and Meta-Analysis of Studies on Online Fake News Detection
Information (MDPI), volume 13, issue 527 (2022), 20 pp.
"Despite the large number of studies on fake news detection, they have not yet been combined to offer coherent insight on trends and advancements in this domain. Hence, the primary objective of this study was to fill this knowledge gap. The method for selecting the pertinent articles for extraction
...
was created using the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA). This study reviewed deep learning, machine learning, and ensemble-based fake news detection methods by a meta-analysis of 125 studies to aggregate their results quantitatively. The meta-analysis primarily focused on statistics and the quantitative analysis of data from numerous separate primary investigations to identify overall trends. The results of the meta-analysis were reported by the spatial distribution, the approaches adopted, the sample size, and the performance of methods in terms of accuracy. According to the statistics of between-study variance high heterogeneity was found [...] The findings of the meta-analysis demonstrated satisfaction with the effectiveness of the recommended approaches from the primary studies on fake news detection that were included." (Abstract)
more
"GFMD's core mandate, as agreed in our Strategic Plan (2021-2025), is to promote policies, programmes, strategies and opportunities for the work of the journalism and media support sector to enhance journalism as a public good. To this end our members support small and medium-sized independent publi
...
c interest media, with a special focus and priority given to media in the “Global South”. This digital strategy, therefore, focuses on advocacy opportunities and objectives that will address the urgent need to improve “the capacity of our sector to have its voice heard and successfully impact policy changes.” Digital policy is made by governments as well as the private sector, so this strategy prioritises issues that target key governmental and intergovernmental actors and technology companies, as well as participation and visibility of all global actors and perspectives in policy debates." (Page 2)
more
SocialMedia4Peace: Taking Stock of Progress Achieved
UNESCO (2022), 2 pp.
"The overall objective of this UNESCO project is to strengthen the resilience of societies to potentially harmful content spread online, in particular hate speech inciting violence while protecting freedom of expression and enhancing the promotion of peace through digital technologies, notably socia
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l media. The project runs from January 2021 - December 2023. There are four (4) pilot countries: Bosnia and Herzegovina, Colombia, Indonesia, and Kenya. The lessons learnt at the local level will feed-in for the global discussion at the international level." (Publisher description)
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"All respondents had experienced online violence. Misogynistic hate speech, sexists’ comments, body shaming as well as slut shaming was common among the women journalists and WHRDs interviewed. These threats were also extended to their families, friends, relatives and networks. Another frequently
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mentioned attack was the attempted hacking into women’s email. Most of the women interviewed reduced their online activity and presence in response to online violence whereas others deactivated some of their online accounts. The story theme most often identified in association with increased attacks was gender, followed by politics and elections, human rights and social policy. Anonymous or unknown attackers are the most frequently noted source of attacks according to the women respondents. Facebook was mentioned as the least safe among social media platforms/apps used by women participants, with most of the respondents saying it was “very unsafe” compared to Twitter. Most of the women journalists did not report incidents of online violence to their employers or security personnel."
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Innovación para el diálogo: Experiencias creativas para fomentar la participación
Bonn: Deutsche Welle DW Akademie (2022), 89 pp.
"Desde DW Akademie llevamos años explorando metodologías experimentales, colaborativas y participativas en una clara apuesta por marcar una novedosa hoja de ruta en los medios que fomente la participación de las audiencias para entablar un diálogo constructivo. Un buen ejemplo de ello es el trab
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ajo desarrollado en América Latina reflejado en los proyectos que se describen en esta publicación, caracterizados por su afán experimental y entendidos como procesos en espiral que se retroalimentan, se autoevalúan y se perfeccionan constantemente. Por lo tanto, los cuatro proyectos que se describen a continuación no están pensados para ser replicados o aplicados en cada uno de sus pasos, sino que quieren servir de inspiración para que otras organizaciones o medios de comunicación los integren en la medida que consideren oportuna en sus propios procesos de creación." (Prólogo)
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Hay futuro si hay verdad: Informe final. Vol.1: Convocatoria a la paz grande
Bogotá: Comisión para el Esclarecimiento de la Verdad, la Convivencia y la No Repetición (2022), 51 pp.
"Reconciliación significa aceptar la verdad como condición para la construcción colectiva y superar el negacionismo y la impunidad. Significa tomar la determinación de nunca más matarnos y sacar las armas de la política. Significa aceptar que somos muchos —en diverso grado, por acción o por
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omisión— los responsables de la tragedia. Significa respetar al otro, a la otra, por encima de las herencias culturales y las rabias acumuladas. Significa tener en cuenta la herida del otro y sus preocupaciones e intereses. Significa construir de tal manera que el Estado, la justicia, la política, la economía y la seguridad estén al servicio de la dignidad humana igual y sagrada de los colombianos y colombianas. Significa que esto lo vamos a construir juntos o no habrá futuro para nadie, y para ir juntos tenemos que cambiar: que el actual Estado se transforme en un Estado para la gente, que los políticos paren la corrupción, que los empresarios no excluyan de la participación en la producción a una multitud que reclama el derecho a ser parte, que los que acaparan la tierra la entreguen; que cambien todos los que colaboran con el narcotráfico, con la guerra, con la exclusión, con la destrucción de la naturaleza. Que no haya más impunidad. Que los que siguen en la guerra entiendan que no hay derecho para seguir haciéndola porque no permite la democracia ni la justicia y solo trae sufrimientos. Que tenemos que construir desde las diferencias con esperanza y confianza colectiva para que seamos posibles hoy y en las generaciones de mañana." (Página 50-51)
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