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Alternative Models for Independent Media Funding: Who Will Pay for Journalism?
Media Integrity Matters; South East European Media Observatory (2016), 23 pp.
"[...] Examples of support for non-profit media in France, the Netherlands, and Croatia demonstrate that it is possible, within a relatively short period, to develop the media system’s third sector, which is overall better at serving the communication needs of many cultural, local, and interest co
...
Fragile Finance: The Revenue Models of Oppositional News Outlets in Repressive Regimes
Deep Insights
International Communication Gazette, volume 78, issue 6 (2016), pp. 514-535
"For journalists promoting the free flow of information in repressive or restrictive media environments, the issue of financial sustainability is complex. Both media in exile (out-of-country news outlets feeding independent information into the country of origin) and news outlets in restrictive news
...
El modelo de negocio de los medios
In: Palabra libre: el derecho a la información, medios de comunicación y autorregulación
Lima: Fondo Editorial del Congreso del Perú (2016), pp. 123-134
Financing Quality Journalism: Research Into Existing and New Models to Finance Quality Journalism and Possible Strategies for Moving Forward
Shaerpa (2015), 11 pp.
"Based on 25 in-person and skype meetings and extensive desk research, we identified a significant trend in the journalistic ecosystem in which information is created, delivered and monetized: the trend toward distributed production and delivery and subsequent absence of monetizing capacity and infr
...
"Our remit was to look for innovative media outlets that are producing high-quality news, that are technologically innovative and that might actually survive financially. Accordingly, we spent three months interviewing media innovators around the world and reading what others have written on the sub
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Motivations Behind Donors' Contributions to Crowdfunding Journalism
Mass Communication & Society, volume 18, issue 2 (2015), pp. 165-185
"Crowdfunded journalism is a new model for funding journalism in which reporters solicit micropayments from readers to finance their reporting. In the present study, we seek to identify the major motivations behind readers' donations to a pioneering crowdfunded journalism website, Spot.Us. Under the
...
Crowdfunding the Future: Media Industries, Ethics and Digital Society
New York; Bern et al.: Peter Lang (2015), xii, 274 pp.
"Crowdfunding the Future undertakes a dynamic interdisciplinary approach to the examination of the new, and growing, phenomenon of crowdfunding and its encompassment of digital society and media industries. The book offers a wide range of perspectives and empirical research, providing analyses of cr
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Crowdfunding in Emerging Markets: Lessons from East African Startups
Washington, DC: World Bank (2015), 15 pp.
"The discussion of opportunity costs, choosing a platform and networking strategies highlights the clear need for more industry data and transparency [...] Further, the private sector can monetize research on network effects and fundraising norms across the continent [...] Regarding the supply of ca
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Advancing Independent Journalism While Building a Modern News Business: The Case of Malaysiakini
Washington, DC: Center for International Media Assistance (CIMA) (2015), 12 pp.
"Malaysiakini, an online news platform launched in 1999 in a country of continuous and pervasive media controls, has taken advantage of a precarious space allowing comparatively free journalism on the Internet. Its success in Malaysia is two-fold: First, it has increased demand for reliable and inde
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DG Enlargement: Guidelines for EU Support to Media Freedom and Media Integrity in Enlargement Countries, 2014-2020
European Commission (2014), 15 pp.
"In its political support the Commission will encourage enlargement countries to make legislation more supportive of the media. It will also promote the involvement of media and civil society in the pre-accession process, including in the formulation, implementation and monitoring of sector strategi
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Public Funding of Private Media
London: LSE Media Policy Project (2014), 17 pp.
"As advertising revenues shift to non-journalistic platforms, news organizations face financial difficulties. To safeguard pluralism and editorial competition, alternative funding sources should be considered. Policymakers can support private media organizations with mechanisms such as tax relief or
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Crowdfunding’s Potential for the Developing World
Washington, DC: infoDev Information for Development Program (2013), 101 pp.
"Credible crowdfunding systems require more than entrepreneurs and willing investors. They also need a supportive ecosystem and enabling factors, including forward-thinking regulations, effective technological solutions, and cultures that can adapt to this new investment vehicle. This includes the c
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State Aid for Newspapers: Theories, Cases, Actions
Heidelberg et al.: Springer (2013), xii, 402 pp.
"This book provides a comprehensive analysis of today’s global challenges in the print news media’s struggle for survival. It presents current practices concerning government subsidies to newspapers for political, economic, and socio-cultural purposes against the background of declining readersh
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Freedom of Expression, Media and Digital Communications: A Practical Guide
Key Guides
EPRD Policy & Development; European Commission (2012), 39 pp.
"The European Commission has begun to integrate a political economy (PE) approach throughout the project cycle. This guide tailors the political economy approach to the media development sector specifically. Using a political economy media matrix (PEMM) as its basis, it explains how to integrate the
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The Wanakonnect Pilot Project: Using Mobile Money to Create a Revenue System for Local Radio Stations in Kenya
Arcata, Calif.; Washington, DC: Internews (2012), 66 pp.
"The community radio stations participating in the pilot project offer special dedication and greeting programs that allow community members to send greetings to friends and family on air. The main objective of this pilot was to understand whether these generally underfunded radio stations could mon
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Developing Independent Media as an Institution of Accountable Governance: A How-To Guide
Key Guides
Washington, DC: World Bank, Communication for Governance and Accountability Program (CommGAP) (2011), xi, 81 pp.
"This handbook is designed for those who may be interested in supporting media development programs, but are unclear about the whys, hows, and whens. It introduces the fundamentals of media development, provide ways to conceptualize and analyze the sector, and helps guide programming based on politi
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