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A Comparative Study on Hate Speech and Incitement to Violence in Syrian Media. Second Monitoring Round (2020)

Syrian Center for Media and Freedom of Expression (SCM) (2021), 53 pp.
"The Syrian media of various types and geographical distribution use hate speech and incitement to Violence disproportionately. The average use of public hate speech in the Syrian media was (17.99%) as a percentage of the monitored content of the study sample, which is considered a low percentage wh ... more
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Local Media Survival Guide 2022: How Journalism is Innovating to Find Sustainable Ways to Serve Local Communities Around the World and Fight Against Misinformation
Deep Insights

Jacqui Park
Vienna: International Press Institute (IPI) (2021), 81 pp.
"This report is meant to share the experiences and lessons of local media practitioners globally, and to build a community for networking and support. It’s about telling their story in their own voice – and helping all involved learn from one another. By talking to both new digital start-ups and ... more
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How Social Media is Helping Bridge Divides and Support Women’s Empowerment in Libya

London: BBC Media Action (2021), 2 pp.
"El Kul is seen as an impartial, timely, relevant and trusted source of information in Libya: the vast majority of the survey respondents (over 90%) agreed or strongly agreed that El Kul is informative and provides balanced and trustworthy content. There was a 7% increase in the proportion of respon ... more
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MENA Monitor: Arabic COVID-19 Vaccine Misinformation Online

Ciarán O'Connor, Moustafa Ayad
London: Institute for Strategic Dialogue (ISD) (2021), 19 pp.
"Conspiracy theories about COVID-19 and the subsequent development and rollout of COVID-19 vaccines are rampant across Arabic-language Facebook pages and groups. They are also linked to a larger network of anti-vaccination websites, Twitter accounts and YouTube channels across the web. Researchers f ... more
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Media, Migration and Displacement in the Middle East and North Africa: An Explorative Study

Bonn: Deutsche Welle DW Akademie (2021), 21 pp.
"DW Akademie commissioned field studies in the following six Middle Eastern and Northern African countries in 2019/20: Lebanon, Jordan, Libya, Tunisia, Algeria and Morocco. The initiative to carry out these studies stems from DW Akademie’s long-standing experience in the MENA region and the identi ... more
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Catalyst or Destabiliser? COVID-19 and its Impact on the Media Landscape Worldwide

Berlin: Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung (KAS) (2021), 159 pp.
"In terms of quality of media coverage, there are various outcomes: In Asia, for example, small and independent outlets, able to provide reliable information, gained momentum, whereas citizens in the MENA-region turned to social media in search of trustworthy facts on the coronavirus. In South-Easte ... more
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The Struggle Over Narrative in Lebanon Post the October Uprising: Can the Alternative Groups Fight the Ruling Elite's Control Over Media?

Diala Ahwach et al.
Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung (FES) (2021), 49 pp.
"Despite the growing impact and diversity in the alternative media scene in Lebanon, and the key role they play in producing a counter-hegemonic narrative on political, economic, and sociological matters, they remain nonetheless lacking a viable and sturdy infrastructure. The latter is evident in th ... more
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MEDIAting Theology

Jione Havea (ed.)
Leipzig: Evangelische Verlagsanstalt (2021), 209 pp.
"The intersection of media with theology is reciprocating: media boosts theology in its functions to inform, connect and educate; theology humbles the globalizing media with a reminder – media is in mediation but not in domination. Media and theology thus intersect at mediating (negotiating, inter ... more
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Peeling the Onion: A Multi-Layered Infodemic and its Impact on Trust for Syrians in Lebanon

Internews (2021), 68 pp.
"Internews focuses primarily on the information ecosystem for Syrian refugees residing in Lebanon to acknowledge and unpack the unique experiences for Syrians at a time when information is heavily impacted by Lebanon’s various compounding crises. The ecosystem for Syrians is assessed here as an ec ... more
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Cyber Capabilities and National Power: A Net Assessment

London et al.: International Institute for Strategic Studies (IISS) (2021), 174 pp.
"This report sets out a new methodology for assessing cyber power, and then applies it to 15 states: Four members of the Five Eyes intelligence alliance – the United States, the United Kingdom, Canada and Australia; Three cyber-capable allies of the Five Eyes states – France, Israel and Japan; F ... more
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Out of Sight, Not Out of Reach: The Global Scale and Scope of Transnational Repression

Nate Schenkhan, Isabel Linzer
Washington, DC: Freedom House (2021), 74 pp.
"This report is the product of an effort to understand the scale and scope of “transnational repression,” in which governments reach across national borders to silence dissent among their diaspora and exile communities. Freedom House assembled cases of transnational repression from public source ... more
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Digital Dominion: How the Syrian Regime's Mass Digital Surveillance Violates Human Rights

New York: Access Now; UIC John Marshall Law School International Human Rights Clinic (2021), iii, 26 pp.
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EU Support for the Jordanian Media: A Mixed Bag of Successes and Failures

Simon Mangon
Noria Research (2021)
"This piece interrogates the challenges of advancing media reform initiatives within authoritarian contexts. Based on a case study of the EU-funded Support to Media in Jordan Project—launched in the wake of the Arab Spring—it reveals how the local mediation of internationally sponsored reform ef ... more
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Les Technologies de l’Information et de la Communication (TIC) et l'education inclusive

Emmanuel de Dinechin, Alizée Boutard
Paris: Altai Consulting; Norwegian Agency for Development Cooperation (Norad); Agence Française de Développement (AFD) (2021), 61 pp.
"La présente étude, réalisée dans le cadre des projets régionaux d'éducation inclusive mis en oeuvre par Humanité & Inclusion, avait pour objectif : de répertorier les TIC existantes et susceptibles de favoriser l'inclusion scolaire des enfants handicapés; d'identifier les défis à la mise ... more
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Media Influence Matrix: Jordan. Technology, Public Sphere and Journalism

Mohammad Abu Hawash, Marius Dragomir
Budapest: Center for Media, Data and Society (CMDS) (2021), 28 pp.
"As for internet use, the percentage of the population with access to internet rose to 89% in 2019 from 48% in 2015. Access to a mobile phone and internet in Jordan has become a matter of choice rather than affordability or accessibility. The Syrian refugee crisis explains the overshooting in mobile ... more
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Hashtag Palestine 2020

Arab Center for the Advancement of Social Media (2021), 61 pp.
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The Attacks on Palestinian Digital Rights: Progress Report, May 6-19, 2021

7amleh – Arab Center for Social Media Advancement (2021), 15 pp.
"Over the past two weeks, 7amleh - The Arab Center for the Advancement of Social Media has worked to document and respond to the digital rights violations occurring during the 2021 Israeli attacks on Gaza, Palestinians in mixed cities in Israel and forcible displacement of Palestinians in East Jerus ... more
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External Communication in Social Media During Asymmetric Conflicts: A Theoretical Model and Empirical Case Study of the Conflict in Israel and Palestine

Bernd Hirschberger
Bielefeld: transcript Verlag (2021), 310 pp.
"Social media increasingly shapes the way in which we perceive conflicts and conflict parties abroad. Conflict parties, therefore, have started using social media strategically to influence public opinion abroad. This book explores the phenomenon by examining, (1) which strategies of external commun ... more
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Palestinian Media Needs Assessment in the Context of the 2021 Jerusalem Uprising and the Gaza War

Metn: Samir Kassir Foundation (2021), 11 pp.
"While major airstrikes destroyed the office of some international media organizations such as that of Al Jazeera, local media organizations have been severely impacted. Unlike their international counterparts, local journalists do not have privileged access to protection provided by external entiti ... more
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Exposed and Exploited: Data Protection in the Middle East and North Africa

Marwa Fatafta, Dima Samaro
Access Now (2021), 45 pp.
"In this report, we highlight how privacy and data protection violations by state and non-state actors are compounded by the lack of legal data protection safeguards which would obligate public entities, private companies, and international organizations to respect and adhere to data protection prin ... more