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"This paper explores the role that citizen journalism is playing in democratising the mainstream media in Rwanda. Through in-depth interviews with journalists from two radio stations and by using the public sphere theory as a theoretical framework, this research sought to answer the question as to w ... more
"1) This paper provides a conceptual framework for counting and categorising peacebuilding activities as well as a hard working-definition of the actions that count as peacebuilding. One of the primary inhibiting factors for assessing peacebuilding cost-effectiveness has been the lack of commonly ag ... more
"The study tested the following hypotheses: the use of subsidised services only forms part of data use; people do not move beyond the use of subsidised services; using the internet first through subsidised services leaves people with less of an understanding of the Internet. Using subsidised data fo ... more
"Based on the analyses of Rwandan and Kenyan cases, hate speech legislation is not an appropriate tool to prevent harm emanating from hate speech. The empirically verifiable costs of the tool by far outweigh its putative benefits. In Rwanda, opposition politicians are convicted for criticising gover ... more
"The Internet in Africa has become an increasingly contested space, where competing ideas of development and society battle for hegemony. By comparing the evolution of the Internet in Ethiopia and Rwanda, we question whether policies and projects emerging from two of Africa’s fastest growing, but ... more
"Journalisten leben in Ruanda gefährlich. Für Kritik am Regime riskieren sie Prügel oder ihr Leben. Von einem, der sich nicht einschüchtern lassen wollte." (Einführung)
"The 45 country reports gathered here illustrate the link between the internet and economic, social and cultural rights (ESCRs). Some of the topics will be familiar to information and communications technology for development (ICT4D) activists: the right to health, education and culture; the socioec ... more
"Burundi: even in very difficult situations, SDC partners managed to identify entry points and continue their work. Networking with international media as a source of information is very crucial in such situations. Policy dialogue is also important to work on issues that divide the government and me ... more
"This report described a pilot study using the VOTO Interactive Voice Response (IVR) platform to 1) distribute content and 2) collect quantitative and qualitative monitoring and evaluation data regarding a media program in Rwanda. In addition to showing that the VOTO system worked well as a distribu ... more

Media Law Handbook for Eastern Africa, Vol. 2

Johannesburg: Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung (KAS) (2016), xxiv, pp. 295-627
"Volume 2 of the Media Law Handbook for Eastern Africa is a practical guide for journalists practising in Kenya, Rwanda and Uganda. The handbook not only contains a comprehensive overview of applicable media laws for each country reviewed, it also contains suggestions on possible law reforms to impr ... more
"A qualitative study into the readership preferences of children in Rwanda, from the perspective of over seventy children under the age of nine from around the country, and ten key publishing houses in Kigali." (Abstract)
"Internet freedom has declined for the sixth consecutive year, with more governments than ever before targeting social media and communication apps as a means of halting the rapid dissemination of information, particularly during antigovernment protests. Public-facing social media platforms like Fac ... more

Médias et promotion de la paix dans la région des Grands Lacs: Dix années d'efforts (2003-2013)

In: Médias d'Afrique: Vingt-cinq années de pluralisme de l'information (1990-2015)
Paris: Karthala (2015), pp. 175-189
"L'utilisation des technologies de l'information dans des projets innovants a été largement encouragée dans le cadre de divers projets d'appuis aux médias de la région des Grands Lacs. Cyprien Ndikumana présente un certain nombre d'initiatives mises en place, depuis 10 ans, pour amener les jou ... more

Etre journaliste dans les Grands Lacs: Une identité en (re)construction

In: Médias d'Afrique: Vingt-cinq années de pluralisme de l'information (1990-2015)
Paris: Karthala (2015), pp. 207-223
"Marie-Soleil Frère propose une analyse de l'identité professionnelle des journalistes en RDC, au Burundi et au Rwanda. Partant d'une perspective historique, elle montre comment la profession a évolué dans les trois pays, de la période du monopole étatique à celle du pluralisme médiatique et ... more
"[...] we have tried to reproduce some keys to the theory behind journalism and the media in a crisis situation without forgetting the internet and the social networks. We do not recommend a single approach but try to provide you with the major principles of responsible and professional work in this ... more
"This report provides a useful basis to understand the broad nature of media freedom, and gauge the Status of media freedom and development from a legal, policy and professional perspective. Being the first of its kind to be produced by RMC, we attach special value to this product because it sets th ... more