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Countries
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Methods applied
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Output Type
"Iran ranks 173 out of 180 countries on an index of press freedom. The purpose of the study was to assess the psychological wellbeing of Iranian journalists and document the stressors encountered in their work. Design: A secure website was established and participants were given their unique identif ... more
"With regards to professional role orientations, Argentinian journalists found it most important to report things as they were, to promote tolerance and cultural diversity, to provide analysis of current affairs, and to let people express their views (see Table 1). A majority of journalists in Argen ... more
"There were three roles the Moldovan journalists felt closer: report things as they are, be a detached observer, and provide analysis of current affairs. According to the lowest standard deviation scores, these roles were top priority for most of the journalists. On the opposite site, the respondent ... more
"Journalists in Croatia primarily see their roles in the classical (western) "watchdog" function of providing analysis of current affairs, monitoring and scrutinizing political leaders, and business. These values are followed by public-forum roles of the media through letting people express their vi ... more
"With regards to professional role orientations, the vast majority of journalists in Mexico found it extremely or very important to report things as they are, followed in second place by the role of promoting tolerance and cultural diversity, and the role of advocating for social change in third pla ... more
"With regards to professional role orientations, Sudanese journalists found it most important to support national development, to be a detached observer, to advocate for social change, and to influence public opinion. The relevance of these roles was fairly undisputed among the interviewed journalis ... more
"[This] report is an inaugural effort to gain a better understanding of how non-governmental organizations (NGOs) worldwide use online technology to communicate with their supporters and donors. Over the last two decades the NGO sector has embraced Internet technology, but at varying speeds based up ... more
"Kefa Hamidi hat unter den weiterhin komplizierten Bedingungen in Afghanistan fast 200 Journalistinnen und Journalisten zu ihrem beruflichen Rollenselbstverständnis befragt und die Ergebnisse mit Befragungen aus Industrie- und Entwicklungsländern verglichen. Zudem hat er afghanische Medien daraufh ... more
"With regards to professional roles, Indonesian journalists found it most important to report things as they are, educate their audience, promote tolerance and cultural diversity, let people express their opinions and advocate for social change. Interviewed journalists also found it very important t ... more
"In terms of professional role orientations, Filipino journalists found it most important to report things as they are, educate the audience, and advocate for social change. Most journalists were in strong agreement in the importance of these roles, as reflected by the relatively low standard deviat ... more
"Romanian journalists said that objectivity is the most important attribute of their work. They strongly believe that their job is to report events exactly the way they happened, without any external or internal intervention. The low standard deviations in these cases indicate that there is a high l ... more
"There has been a significant change in the employment arrangement of photographers from 2015 to 2016. The number of photojournalists working for themselves (self-employed) has declined from 60% in 2015 to 54% of respondents in 2016. Fewer respondents are working full-time as photographers, down mar ... more
"Respondents believed that their primary role was to monitor and scrutinize political leaders, followed closely by reporting facts as they are. Yet only half found either of these to be ‘extremely’ or ‘very important’. They were also keen that everyday people should be allowed to express the ... more
"In their professional role orientations, Sierra Leonean journalists found it most important to educate the audience, let people express their views, report things as they are, support national development and advocate for social change. The respondents believe it is not their job to convey a positi ... more
"The Myanmar media industry reflects global trends to the extent that women are strongly represented in newsrooms in terms of numbers but media institutions remain significantly male-dominated at the decision making level. Safety is a major concern for women media professionals within the workplace ... more
"The survey shows that the vast majority of South African nonprofit organisations are seeing positive benefits through using social media. This is despite the fact that more than 80% of NPOs do not allocate a budget for social media, close to 50% said that staff lacked the expertise to manage social ... more
"Albanian journalists believe their most important professional role is reporting things as they are, being detached observers and providing the kind of news that attracts the largest audience. These functions contrast with the dominant perceived role of journalists in the early 1990s as missionarie ... more
"With regards to professional role orientations, South Korean journalists found it most important to report things as they are, to provide analysis of current affairs, and to monitor and scrutinize business and political leaders. The relevance of these roles was fairly undisputed among the interview ... more
"This study examines why female journalists in an Arab country continue to be marginalized. It hypothesized that a set of interrelated factors, pertaining to gender discrimination, sexual harassment, and the lack of a legally and socially enabling environment, work together to systematically discour ... more
"Although female media practitioners are well-represented in newsrooms making up for over 50% of staff on average, media institutions remain male dominated on levels of decision making. This results in two main challenges for women within the industry: a lack of opportunity to advance their careers ... more