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Macht und Ohnmacht der "Vierten Gewalt": Die Rolle der Massenmedien im russischen Transitionsprozeß

Sabine Alexandra Gladkov

Münster: Lit (2002), 400 pp.

"Die russischen Medien haben sich in der Krise eingerichtet: Leere Kassen, mauernde Bürokraten und Gewalt gegen Journalisten prägen den Redaktionsalltag zwischen Petersburg und Wladiwostok. Fast vergessen ist die glorreiche Glasnost-Zeit, als die Presse unversehens vom passiven Chronisten zum mach ... more

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The Development of the Audiovisual Landscape in Central Europe Since 1989

Luton: University of Luton Press (1999), 386 pp.

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Transformation of Post-Communist Broadcast Media: A Case Study of Estonia

Max V. Grubb

Carbondale: Broadcast Education Association (1999), 31 pp.

"This study utilized a case study and historical approach to examine the restructuring of a broadcast media system in a postcommunist country, Estonia. The implications that can be drawn from this study is that post-Communist broadcast system transformations are complex, especially considering the f ... more

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Rußlands Presse zwischen Unabhängigkeit und Zensur: Die Rolle der Printmedien im Prozeß des politischen Systemwandels 1990 bis 1993

Hauke Wendler

Münster: Lit (1995), 160 pp.

"Entwickelte sich ab 1990 zunächst ein relativ hoher Grad an Presse- und Meinungsfreiheit, so verfestigte sich mit zunehmender Konsolidierung der postkommunistischen Eliten erneut die Tendenz zu einer eher autoritären staatlichen Medienpolitik. Im Unterschied zu früheren Jahren schlug sich diese ... more

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The Media After Communism

Colin Sparks (ed.)

Media, Culture & Society, volume 16, issue 2 (1994), pp. 179-312

"[...] We consider here a wide range of post-communisms. At one extremestands the former German Democratic Republic: There, the politicalcollapse of communism immediately preceded the economic and socialdestruction of the old way of life. As Maryellen Boyle shows, theaspirations of the people who ov ... erthrew communism were swept aside bythe juggernaut of reunification. This anschluss - to borrow Habermas’shistorically loaded term -was immediately followed by the imposition ofWest German ideas and structures. Within broadcasting, this foundexpression in the setting up of a new system integrated into the existing West German framework. These structural changes were accompanied bythe appointment of Western managers, often from the ruling ChristianDemocratic Party, and an extensive purge of the existing staff. EasternGermany has been rather brutally and very finally integrated into the worldmarket at the expense of the people who ran the Stalinist state.A t the other extreme stands the Chinese experience. There the processof integration, and the destruction of central planning, are proceeding asrapidly in television as in any other part of society. The political system,however, remains controlled by the very same people who have been inpower for years. As Yu Huang shows, the massive development oftelevision in China has been largely the result of the introduction of localautonomy and a shift towards commercial financing. This has led to strainsand tensions between the central party apparatus and the broadcasters.The aftermath of Tiananmen Square was to increase political control butnot to interrupt the growth of the market. One might say that, so far atleast, the process of integration into the world market has been to thebenefit of the people who ran the old system.Between these two extremes lie the majority of countries of the formerSoviet empire in Europe and its local offshoots elsewhere. In differentcountries there have been varying degrees of political change and the scaleand extent of the introduction of market mechanisms and privatization hasbeen extremely uneven. We publish two articles which reflect on East andCentral Europe and which attempt to theorize those experiences. ColinSparks and Anna Reading look at the main currents of social theory whichhave tried t o explain the nature of the end of communism and itsaftermath. They apply propositions derived from these to the study oftelevision in Poland, Hungary, Slovakia and the Czech Republic. KarolJakubowicz makes wider geographical generalizations, but concentrateshis attention mostly on Poland. Despite recognizing the continuingpolitical pressure on the media, he is finally optimistic as to the chances of‘depoliticizing’ television [...] (Editorial) more

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Sowjetische Publizistik zwischen Öffnung und Umgestaltung

Winfried B. Lerg, Marianne Ravenstein, Sabine Schiller-Lerg

Münster: Lit, 2nd ed. (1994), 300 pp.

"Die Medien sind Subjekt und Objekt zugleich von Glasnost und Perestroika. Sie begleiten den Reformprozeß und sind selbst mit ihren Strukturen und Funktionen in die gesellschaftspolitische Umgestaltung der Sowjetunion eingebunden. Diese Hypothese wird in der vorliegenden kommunikationswissenschaftl ... more

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Glasnost, Perestroika, and the Soviet Media

Brian McNair

London; New York: Routledge (1991), x, 231 pp.

"The reforms of Mikhail Gorbachev have brought tumultuous change to political, social and economic life in the Soviet Union. But how have these changes affected Soviet press and television reporting? Glasnost, Perestroika and the Soviet Media examines the changing role of Soviet journalism from its ... more