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Journals
Output Type
Legal Challenges and Political Strategies in the Post-Truth Era: Online Hate Speech Trilogy - vol II
Covilhã; Cali: LABCOM; Editorial Universidad Icesi (2024), 186 pp.
Platform Problems and Regulatory Solutions: Findings from a Comprehensive Review of Existing Studies and Investigations
Deep Insights
Paris: UNESCO; Research ICT Africa (2023), 17 pp.
"The proliferation of hate speech and disinformation on online platforms has serious implications for human rights, trust and safety as per international human rights law and standards. The mutually-reinforcing determinants of the problems are: ‘attention economics’; automated advertising system
...
Social Media 4 Peace: Local Lessons for Global Practices
Paris: UNESCO (2023), 69 pp.
"The three countries [Bosnia and Herzegovina, Indonesia, and Kenya] provide evidence of online hate speech and disinformation affecting human rights offline. The evidence is not comprehensive yet clear enough to raise serious concerns. Online gender-based violence is also reported as critical in the
...
Online Content Moderation and Post Conflict Peacebuilding: A Review to the Regulatory Framework in Colombia
Fundación para la Libertad de Prensa (FLIP); UNESCO (2023), 83 pp.
"This text is divided into four chapters. The first chapter describes the characteristics of online public debate in Colombia. It also presents the historical context and details the circumstances in which risky content for democracy and human rights content is published and disseminated in the coun
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Social Media Platforms and Challenges for Democracy, Rule of Law and Fundamental Rights
Brussels: European Parliament, Policy Department for Citizens’ Rights and Constitutional Affairs (2023), 151 pp.
"This study, commissioned by the European Parliament’s Policy Department for Citizens’ Rights and Constitutional Affairs at the request of the LIBE Committee, examines risks that contemporary social media - focusing in particular on the most widely-used platforms - present for democracy, the rul
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Legal and Normative Frameworks for Combatting Online Violence Against Women Journalists
November 2022: UNESCO; International Center for Journalists (ICFJ) (2022), 35 pp.
"In this chapter, international, regional and State-level legal and normative frameworks for responding to online violence against women journalists are examined, while exemplar judgements are catalogued, and gaps in law enforcement are highlighted. Here, insights gleaned from 184 in-depth interview
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How Platforms Respond to Human Rights Conflicts Online: Best Practices in Weighing Rights and Obligations in Hybrid Online Orders
Hamburg: Leibniz Institut für Medienforschung; Global Digital Human Rights Network (GDHRNet) (2022), 187 pp.
"Platforms have power. But this power is not unchecked. Governments have an important role to play in protecting their citizens' rights vis-à-vis third parties and ensuring a communication order in which rights are not violated. (And in addition, of course, they need to respect human rights themsel
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Regulation of Harmful Content Online in Bosnia and Herzegovina: Between Freedom of Expression and Harms to Democracy
Sarajevo: Mediacentar; UNESCO (2022), 108 pp.
"The study specifically focuses on five types of harmful content: a) hate speech and hate narratives; b) denials of war crimes and glorification of war criminals; c) ethno-nationally and/or politically biased media reporting; d) disinformation; and e) attacks, threats and smear campaigns against ind
...
Hate Speech: Definitionen, Ausprägungen, Lösungen
Wiesbaden: Springer VS (2022), ix, 301 pp.
"Hate Speech ist Alltag, egal ob auf der Straße, im Parlament oder im Netz. Menschen werden beleidigt, entwürdigt und man ruft zu Gewalt auf. Die Folgen sind unübersehbar. Hate Speech ist so zu einem gesellschaftsbedrohenden Phänomen avanciert, befeuert durch politische und soziale Krisen wie di
...
Mapping of Legal Framework and Responses by Actors to Address Harmful Content Online in Kenya
Build Up (2022), 47 pp.
"This report details the legal framework / rule of law tools in place, and responses by the government, social media companies, and civil society to address illegal harmful content and potentially harmful content online in Kenya. This research draws from 13 interviews with people active in Kenya's g
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The Impact of Disinformation on Democratic Processes and Human Rights in the World
Brussels: European Parliament, Directorate General for External Policies of the Union (2021), 54 pp.
"Disinformation undermines human rights and many elements of good quality democracy; but counter-disinformation measures can also have a prejudicial impact on human rights and democracy. COVID-19 compounds both these dynamics and has unleashed more intense waves of disinformation, allied to human ri
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Geschlechtsspezifische Gewalt in Zeiten der Digitalisierung: Formen und Interventionsstrategien
Bielefeld: transcript Verlag (2021), 332 pp.
"Digitale Gewalt kommt nicht nur im öffentlichen Raum vor, sondern auch in privaten Beziehungen – und hat in Kombination mit häuslicher und sexualisierter Gewalt eine deutlich geschlechtsspezifische Komponente. Durch Informations- und Kommunikationstechnologien haben Gewaltformen wie Doxing, Sta
...
The Online Regulation Series: The Handbook
Tech Against Terrorism (2021), 170 pp.
"The Online Regulation Series Handbook provides an analysis of global online regulation, analysing over 60 legislations and regulatory proposals in 17 countries, and their implications for countering terrorist and violent extremist content. The Handbook is based on analysis published throughout Octo
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Digital Hate: The Global Conjuncture of Extreme Speech
Bloomington, Indiana: Indiana University Press (2021), 266 pp.
"The euphoria that has accompanied the birth and expansion of the internet as a "liberation technology" is increasingly eclipsed by an explosion of vitriolic language on a global scale. Digital Hate: The Global Conjuncture of Extreme Speech provides the first distinctly global and interdisciplinary
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Más que palabras: Buscando consensos para caracterizar el discurso de odio
Asociación por los Derechos Civiles (ADC) (2020), 37 pp.
"[...] la presente investigación tiene como objeto cuatro naciones de América Latina: Argentina, Brasil, Costa Rica y Panamá. Se analiza de qué manera cada uno de los países seleccionados caracteriza al discurso de odio y cómo lo enfrenta. Este abordaje se realizó desde una perspectiva legal
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Assessing the Limitations to Freedom of Expression on the Internet in Ethiopia Against the African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights
African Human Rights Law Journal, volume 20, issue 1 (2020), pp. 315-345
"The Ethiopian government restricts freedom of expression on the internet and has adopted extraneous limiting measures. Most of these measures are incompatable with the African Charter. Restrictions to freedom of expression on the internet include internet shutdowns, hate speech and disinformation r
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Analysis of Ethiopia’s Hate Speech and Disinformation Prevention and Suppression Proclamation No.1185/2020
Kampala: CIPESA (2020), 4 pp.
"Although the Proclamation has good intentions of curbing hate speech in Ethiopia, it fundamentally restricts freedom of expression online and the right to information. Further, the proclamation has a chilling effect on online and offline rights, which could lead to self-censorship. For instance, jo
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Working Group on Infodemics: Policy Framework
Key Guides
Forum on Information & Democracy (2020), 127 pp.
"The Forum on Information & Democracy proposes a number of policy steps to democratic governments and their supporters. Transparency and accountability need to be shored up and content moderation should be done according to democratic mandates and oversight. The impact of new platforms where disinfo
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