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Disinformation & Misinformation Law & Regulation
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Journals
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Artificial Intelligence and Disinformation: State-Aligned Information Operations and the Distortion of the Public Sphere
Vienna: OSCE Representative on Freedom of the Media (2022), 28 pp.
"In light of the role played by state-aligned actors, the private sector and lawmakers in countries with strong democratic institutions should adopt policies that mitigate the ability of state actors to manipulate AI and weaponize communication platforms. Efforts to combat disinformation must recogn
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Protecting the truth: Peace operations and disinformation
Berlin: Center for International Peace Operations (2022), 18 pp.
"This study discusses how and to what extent peace operations are affected by digital disinformation and how international organisations (UN, EU, OSCE and NATO) as mandating bodies for peace operations have responded to limit the effect of disinformation or even prevent it. Based on this assessment
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User empowerment against disinformation online
Strasbourg: European Audiovisual Observatory (2022), 66 pp.
"This publication describes the many ways in which public authorities and private enterprises empower users against disinformation online. The first chapter sets the scene by discussing relevant concepts, such as mis-, dis- and malinformation, empowerment, and media literacy. It further discusses th
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Regulation of Harmful Content Online in Bosnia and Herzegovina: Between Freedom of Expression and Harms to Democracy
Sarajevo: Mediacentar; UNESCO (2022), 108 pp.
"The study specifically focuses on five types of harmful content: a) hate speech and hate narratives; b) denials of war crimes and glorification of war criminals; c) ethno-nationally and/or politically biased media reporting; d) disinformation; and e) attacks, threats and smear campaigns against ind
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Misinformation Policy in Sub-Saharan Africa: From Laws and Regulations to Media Literacy
London: University of Westminster Press (2021), 220 pp.
"The volume first examines the teaching of media literacy in state-run schools in seven Sub-Saharan African countries as of mid-2020, as relates to misinformation. It explains the limited elements of broad media and information literacy (MIL) included in the curricula in the seven countries studied
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National Regulatory and Self-Regulatory Framework Against Hate Speech and Disinformation: Factsheet Serbia
Ljubljana: South East European Network for Professionalization of Media (SEENPM) (2021), 26 pp.
"In the process of accession to the European Union, Serbia is harmonizing laws with the EU legislation. In this process, the majority of regulations related to the prevention of hate speech and the spread of disinformation generally meet standards or are in the process of being amended. This factshe
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National Regulatory and Self-Regulatory Framework Against Hate Speech and Disinformation: Factsheet Turkey
Ljubljana: South East European Network for Professionalization of Media (SEENPM) (2021), 14 pp.
"The current legislation should include a direct expression of hate speech and expand the scope of hate speech in terms of person and subject as much as possible. The anti-discrimination state bodies should focus on protecting the human rights of the most vulnerable groups, broadening legal protecti
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National Regulatory and Self-Regulatory Framework Against Hate Speech and Disinformation: Factsheet Kosovo
Ljubljana: South East European Network for Professionalization of Media (SEENPM) (2021), 13 pp.
"Regarding media and information literacy, the Kosovo Government and relevant education institutions, such as the Ministry of Education, should urgently introduce subjects that will be taught in school to provide a better understanding of the media and information literacy. Kosovo’s educational in
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National Regulatory and Self-Regulatory Framework Against Hate Speech and Disinformation: Factsheet Bosnia and Herzegovina
Lubljana; Sarajevo: South East European Network for Professionalization of Media (SEENPM); Peace Institute; Mediacentar (2021), 29 pp.
"The legislative framework for the regulation of hate speech in BiH is fragmented and unaligned with European standards, and there are few cases of its processing. Ways to combat disinformation mainly rely on self-regulatory frameworks and fact-checking platforms, and there are no comprehensive stra
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National Regulatory and Self-Regulatory Framework Against Hate Speech and Disinformation: Factsheet Montenegro
Ljubljana: South East European Network for Professionalization of Media (SEENPM); Peace Institute; Montenegro Media Institute (2021), 19 pp.
"Competent institutions should react in case of spreading hate speech and introduce appropriate measures to combat the spread of disinformation, which would serve as a middle ground between arresting those who spread disinformation and a too passive approach to this problem. In addition to this, the
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Fighting Fake News: A Study of Online Misinformation Regulation in the Asia Pacific
Melbourne: La Trobe University (2021), xvi, 117 pp.
Disinformation and freedom of opinion and expression: Report of the Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression
Deep Insights
United Nations, General Assembly (2021), 20 pp.
"In the present report, the Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression examines the threats posed by disinformation to human rights, democratic institutions and development processes. While acknowledging the complexities and challenges posed
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Regulating Disinformation in Europe: Implications for Speech and Privacy
UC Irvine Journal of International, Transnational, and Comparative Law, volume 6 (2021), pp. 9-36
"This article examines the ongoing dynamics in the regulation of disinformation in Europe, focusing on the intersection between the right to freedom of expression and the right to privacy. Importantly, there has been a recent wave of regulatory measures and other forms of pressure on online platform
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Desinformation: Risiken, Regulierungslücken und adäquate Gegenmaßnahmen
Deep Insights
Düsseldorf: Landesanstalt für Medien NRW; Hans-Bredow-Institut (2021), 97 pp.
"Auf der Grundlage der identifizierten Schutzlücken erarbeitet das Gutachten mögliche Gegenmaßnahmen und beschreibt die nötigen Wirkungsvoraussetzungen. Die zentrale Frage lautet: Welche Risikopotenziale für individuelle und gesellschaftliche Interessen weist Desinformation auf und welche Gover
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Countering Disinformation: A Guide to Promoting Information Integrity
Key Guides
Consortium for Elections and Political Process Strengthening (CEPPS); USAID (2020), [345 pp.]
"This resource combines the collective wisdom of organizations on the front lines of combatting disinformation globally. This living project provides an outline of what’s being done to address the challenge in key areas and provides a searchable database of the organizations around the world engag
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Tabloid Journalism and Press Freedom in Africa
Cham: Palgrave Macmillan (2020), x, 184 pp.
"This book studies tabloid journalism newspapers within the broader context of press freedom in Africa. After defining tabloid journalism and professional practices within various political contexts, the book then proceeds to consider tabloids in Southern Africa and emerging cyberspace laws. Many fa
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Strengthening Media Freedom: The Protection of Journalists in Europe, Hate Speech, Disinformation and the Role of Platforms
European Parliament (2020), 20 pp.
"European Parliament resolution of 25 November 2020 on strengthening media freedom: the protection of journalists in Europe, hate speech, disinformation and the role of platforms (2020/2009(INI))." (Introduction)
Defending freedom of expression: Fake news laws in East and Southeast Asia
Deep Insights
Bangkog; Manila: Asia Centre; Council of Asian Liberals and Democrats (CALD). (2020), 61 pp.
"This report compares the impact of legislation in countries with multiparty legislatures and independent government institutions, and countries with one dominant political force and an absence of independent national institutions. It finds that in the former countries, provisions are included to sa
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Desinformation aufdecken und bekämpfen: Interdisziplinäre Ansätze gegen Desinformationskampagnen und für Meinungspluralität
Baden-Baden: Nomos (2020), 217 pp.
"Was macht Desinformation im deutschsprachigen Internet aus? Wie wirkt Desinformation? Wie kann sie mithilfe technischer Mittel erkannt werden? Was kann und könnte mit regulatorischen und rechtlichen Maßnahmen gegen Desinformation getan werden? Aus den Erkenntnissen von Journalistik, Medienpsychol
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