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Weaponised Information in Brazil: Digitising Hate
Tokyo: Toda Peace Institute (2019), 18 pp.
"In the last few years, the world information ecosystem has been flooded by the “fake news” phenomena, augmented by the widespread use of social media. The fragmentation and scale of the new communication tools help spread old ideologies, that uphold racism, homophobia, and oppression. This phen
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Counteracting Hate and Dangerous Speech Online: Strategies and Considerations
Tokyo: Toda Peace Institute (2019), 16 pp.
"This policy brief will examine the various factors that enable online hate speech to resonate, spread, and drive offline action. After briefly reviewing the features of social media that enable hate speech to spread online, we will explore tools for designing interventions to respond to this conten
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Mapping Responses to Social Media Threats
Tokyo: Toda Peace Institute (2019), 17 pp.
"This report identifies social media threats - surveillance, addiction, disinformation, polarisation, dangerous speech - on social cohesion, human rights, violence and democracy and then identifies creative options for addressing those threats through: building a better bridge between offline dialog
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Engaging with Narratives for Peace
Tokyo: Toda Peace Institute (2019), 13 pp.
"How do peacebuilding organisations communicate about peace online and offline? Narrative competency must be a fundamental aspect of our work as peacebuilders in the modern age, as we confront the challenges posed by social media, divided on-line communities, growing political polarisation globally
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Social Media in Egypt: Impacts on Civil Society, Violent Extremism & Government Control
Tokyo: Toda Peace Institute (2019), 7 pp.
"Throughout this policy brief, we vet the use of social media in a major Middle Eastern country - Egypt - where the youth took to the streets to express frustrations that lasted almost a lifetime. While social media helped topple autocratic dictator, Hosni Mubarak, it played the role of Pandora’s
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Polarisation and Peacebuilding Strategy on Digital Media Platforms: Current Strategies and their Discontents
Tokyo: Toda Peace Institute (2019), 17 pp.
This is the second of two policy briefs on polarisation. The first policy brief, “Polarisation and Peacebuilding Strategy on Digital Media Platforms: The Current Research,” reviewed the research, and concluded by recommending directions for future research. This brief describes interventions: (a
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The Use of Social Media in Colombian Democratic Spaces: A Double-Edged Sword
Tokyo: Toda Peace Institute (2019), 27 pp.
"The world is flooded with news of how social media is being used to influence democracy in conflict-affected areas, for better or worse. Colombia is not an exception. The era of social media brings opportunities and challenges to a broad range of stakeholders in this country, to harness the power o
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Venezuela’s 21st Century Authoritarianism in the Digital Sphere
Tokyo: Toda Peace Institute (2019), 14 pp.
"This policy brief summarises extensive information on digital rights violations and politically motivated information disorders affecting Venezuelans, principally social media users. The brief focuses on the conflict dynamic between an authoritarian government and those fighting for re-democratisat
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Brazil’s Digital Resistance Against Corruption
Tokyo: Toda Peace Institute (2019), 13 pp.
"From 2008 to 2010, 3.6 million Brazilians took part in the “Ficha Limpa” movement to impact political corruption by ensuring that anyone who runs for office has a “clean record.” This case study on the combination of a grassroots social movement paired with the Avaaz global web movement’s
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The False Information Ecosystem in India
Tokyo: Toda Peace Institute (2019), 20 pp.
"Over the past few years, internet access and adoption in India has grown tremendously, giving Indians more access to the online information ecosystem than ever before. Today, India is one of the largest markets for technology platforms such as WhatsApp and Facebook. However, the adoption of these t
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Social Media and Social Change in Jordan: Opportunities and Threats
Tokyo: Toda Peace Institute (2019), 10 pp.
"The Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan has great humanitarian responsibilities towards a war-torn region. Deliberately referred to as a regional entrepreneurship hub, over eight million of Jordan’s citizens (86.4%) have access to the internet, and they produce more than half of the digital content avail
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Social Media Literacy, Ethnicity and Peacebuilding in Kenya
Tokyo: Toda Peace Institute (2019), 14 pp.
"Kenya has experienced a cycle of political violence following a series of controversial elections that have centred on ethnic competition, leading to human rights abuses, deaths, destruction of property and a downward economic spiral. At the core of election violence, witnessed in 2007/8 and in 201
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Social Media in Zimbabwe: A Toxic Tool or a Future Bridge to Peace?
Tokyo: Toda Peace Institute (2019), 10 pp.
"The rise of social media in Zimbabwe has brought with it a greater variety of platforms which offer people a means to express themselves. However, the democratisation of information and the increase in digital spaces have also come with greater state restriction and polarisation among Zimbabweans.
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Social Media Dynamics in Boko Haram’s Terrorist Insurgence
Tokyo: Toda Peace Institute (2019), 15 pp.
"This policy brief analyses the use of social media by different groups affected by Boko Haram’s terrorist insurgence, including the group itself. The rate, speed, spread and belief which information from social media commands has changed theatres of war and amplified terrorist threats. The Nigeri
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Digital Blooms: Social Media and Violence in Sri Lanka
Tokyo: Toda Peace Institute; Alliance for Peacebuilding (2018), 12 pp.
"The policy brief outlines key snapshots of Sri Lanka’s social media landscape as it stood at the time of writing, in early August 2018, and offers some recommendations aimed at civil society’s use of social media for conflict transformation." (Abstract)
Civil Society in the Age of Automation: Understanding the Benefits and Risks of Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning, and Bots
Tokyo: Toda Peace Institute; Alliance for Peacebuilding (2018), 13 pp.
"The next wave of disruptive technology has arrived; it is the Age of Automation. The defining technologies for this new era include robots, chatbots, artificial intelligence, machine learning, conversational interfaces, cyborgs, and other smart devices. These technologies are increasingly becoming
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"The spread of social media has an increasing impact on peace mediation. It complicates mediators’ efforts to provide a confidential negotiation space. It also provides opportunities for public communication and consultations, allowing peace mediators to engage with audiences that were previously
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Supporting Journalism in Conflict Societies
Media, Conflict and Democratisation (MeCoDEM) (2016), 23 pp.
"Media development organisations regard polarisation and a lack of ethical standards as the main problems in conflict societies. Our interviews with both Europe-based and local media development actors show that their support programmes address journalists as enablers of an inclusive public discours
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Media Assistance in Serbia: Achievements and Challenges
Sarajevo: Analitika – Center for Social Research (2014), 8 pp.
"While in 1990s media assistance efforts focused on ensuring the survival of independent media outlets under the authoritarian rule of the Miloševiæ regime, the scope of the assistance expanded after the regime collapsed in 2000, to address a range of issues, such as legal reforms, the establishme
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Building Public Awareness of Development: Communicators, Educators and Evaluation
Paris: OECD Development Centre (2008), 38 pp.
"Donors and practitioners could make greater use of evaluations, and their findings, to increase the effectiveness and results of public communication, advocacy and education about global development. The first step is to understand the evaluation process and respect its rigours. The second is to ac
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