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Storytelling and Evidence-Based Policy: Lessons from the Grey Literature

Brett Davidson

Palgrave Communications, volume 3, issue 17093 (2017), 10 pp.

"The article outlines some of the ways in which an understanding of policymaker psychology and factors such as group dynamics and political context are reflected in the grey literature, and the implications of this for understanding the role of storytelling in political advocacy. It highlights pract ... more

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Turn Up the Volume: Empowering Women Through Media. Lessons from BBC Media Action’s Governance Programming

Josephine Casserly

London: BBC Media Action (2017), 26 pp.

"This practice briefing sets out what BBC Media Action has learned about how media can provide a platform for both men and women to hold their leaders to account, while empowering them to participate in their own communities. Unpicking the challenges faced and the solutions found, it will bring toge ... more

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Mid-Term Performance Evaluation of United States Agency for International Development Burma Civil Society and Media Activity

Julia Rizvi, Mathias Kjaer, Angela Thaung, Aung Tun

USAID; Social Impact Inc. (2017), ix, 76 pp.

"The United States Agency for International Development/Burma launched the Civil Society and Media (CSM) Activity in 2014 to improve engagement between the public and the Government of Burma by supporting local civil society and media organizations. This mixed-methods, mid-term performance evaluatio ... more

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Evaluation of the East Africa and Indian Ocean Islands Beneficiary Communications Program

Hans Kuntner

International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRC) (2017), 25 pp.

"Beneficiary Communication is a program which emphasizes the use of communication equipment in passing relevant, timely and accurate lifesaving information to communities. The program supports an environment of transparency and accountability through creation of feedback mechanism. It is about provi ... ding practical, useful information at the right time, listening to people’s needs and opinions and using this information to improve the programming and operations of Partner national society (PNS), National Society (NS) and International Federation of the Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRC). Beneficiary Communication program utilizes technology like SMS, Radio, Mobile Cinema, Posters, Sound tracks, Wall painting or traditional channels like drama and community meetings to pass lifesaving information to communities. The impacts listed in this report cannot be solely attributed to the use of beneficiary communication tools. The impact is the contribution of the tools to the realization of the results of the projects in which the tools were mainstreamed. Indeed, the results of the programs in which beneficiary communication tools was mainstreamed are the impact of the use of tools by proxy. The levels of knowledge of the beneficiaries with regards to causes of malnutrition and prevention of diseases which are caused by unhygienic conditions such as cholera have increased tremendously. This is evident from the results obtained through the pre and post mobile cinema evaluation on the above mentioned thematic areas, from the sites where the Red Cross Societies have implemented projects aimed at addressing malnutrition and hygiene. The activities of the beneficiary communication program were well received by the target communities in all the five countries. The communities appreciated the mobile cinema and drama perhaps due to ease of learning from audio visual or observation. The putting to practice the knowledge gained in various thematic areas is another way of determining how well the beneficiaries have received beneficiary communication activities. A random check of households by personnel in-charge of community health in Rwanda revealed that nine in ten beneficiaries put to practice the knowledge they acquired from the mobile cinema shows. The use of audio visuals and drama in local languages in all the countries sampled has proved to be an effective way of training both literate and illiterate members of the society. This is because both illiterate and literate members of the community simply learn through listening and observation." (Executive summary) more

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More Than Radio – a Community Asset: Social Return on Investment Analyses of Indigenous Broadcasting Services

Social Ventures Australia (SVA) (2017), 84 pp.

"There are over 120 Australian Government funded Indigenous Broadcasting Services (IBSs) operating in Australia, with further unfunded IBS transmission sites. They vary in size from very small remote services to large community radio broadcasting services, and together, they reach an estimated audie ... more

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Combined Final Evaluation for ‘I Love my Country’: Strategic Communications for Peace Building in South Sudan” & Baseline Evaluation for ‘I Love my Country’: Promoting Localized Understanding and Peaceful Coexistence in South Sudan

Search for Common Ground; Forcier Consulting (2017), 83 pp.

"The present report provides the findings of a combined baseline evaluation of “‘I Love My Country:’ Promoting Localized Understanding and Peaceful Coexistence in South Sudan” (PLUPC) funded by the Peace and Stabilization Operations Program (PSOPS) of the Canadian government, and endline eva ... luation of the project, “‘I Love My Country’: Strategic Communications for Peace Building in South Sudan” (SCPB) funded by the European Union (EU). The goal of the “‘I Love My Country:’ Promoting Localized Understanding and Peaceful Coexistence in South Sudan” project is to build greater understanding and application of key concepts embodied within the Agreement on the Resolution of the Conflict in the Republic of South Sudan (ARCSS) through key stakeholder meetings, participatory theater performances, civil society engagement, small-scale peace initiatives, short media productions, and radio drama production and broadcast. The project began on December 15, 2016 is expected to end on June 15, 2018. The purpose of the “‘I Love My Country’: Strategic Communications for Peace Building in South Sudan” project is “to promote social cohesion, resilience, and the peaceful resolution of conflicts among individuals and communities in South Sudan” by strengthening national platforms for diverse and constructive and promoting peace, tolerance, and reconciliation with key groups and individuals. Search for Common Ground, iHub, UNESCO, and Catholic Radio Network launched the project in November 1, 2014 and it was concluded on March 1, 2017. The objectives of the baseline evaluation for PLUPC are to update the analysis of local conflict dynamics in the targeted zones for outreach activities, collect baseline data for project indicators, to reflect upon the Objectives and Theory of Change (TOC) of the project, and to evaluate potential risks to project participants, implementing staff, and partners. The final evaluation for SCPB seeks to measure changes in key indicators after the implementation of activities, evaluate the project using OECD-DAC criteria (relevance, effectiveness, efficiency, impact, and sustainability), and provide lessons learned and recommendations to inform future peace building activities in the country." (Executive summary) more

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Improving Maternal and Child Health Through Media in South Sudan: Final Evaluation

Trish Doherty, Karen O’Connor

London: BBC Media Action (2017), 51 pp.

"Following decades of civil war, South Sudan still lacks a functioning healthcare system and has some of the worst maternal and child health indicators in the world. To help address this, between 2012 and 2017 BBC Media Action produced and broadcast a range of national radio programmes seeking to in ... more

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Strengthening Accountability Through Media in Kenya: Final Evaluation

Catharine Buckell, Sopie Baskett

London: BBC Media Action (2017), 59 pp.

"Funded by DFID, under the Global Grant project, BBC Media Action produced three seasons of the weekly TV and radio programme Sema Kenya (Kenya Speaks). Sema Kenya featured a moderated discussion between a live panel of officials and an audience of ‘ordinary’ Kenyans and was designed to enable i ... ndividuals, communities and governments to be better informed and more engaged in tackling governance challenges. Alongside this, BBC Media Action delivered a mentoring programme, initially with six local radio stations, and later with the national broadcaster Kenya Broadcasting Corporation (KBC), which has the largest footprint in the country. Through this work, BBC Media Action aimed to strengthen the capacity of Kenya’s media sector to produce governance programming that supported and mainstreamed the overall objectives of the project at both the local and national level. [...] Sema Kenya contributed to people being more informed about and engaged in politics. Audiences were more knowledgeable about politics, discussed it more with friends and family, felt more confident in their ability to influence political processes and participated more in governance related activities (particularly at the community level) – all factors that support bottom-up accountability. Audiences themselves linked Sema Kenya with these outcomes. This finding was validated by analysis confirming a significant positive relationship between watching or listening to Sema Kenya and consistently higher knowledge, discussion and confidence to engage in politics, even when taking into account other factors that might influence these outcomes (such as education, age and interest in politics). While Sema Kenya’s audience was more likely to participate in politics, qualitative research respondents rarely attributed their actions directly to what they had heard on Sema Kenya. This reflects findings from advanced quantitative analysis (structural equation modelling) that suggests the link between Sema Kenya and increased political participation is indirect and mediated by political knowledge, discussion and self-efficacy. Supported by an extensive network of broadcast partners that stretched across all 47 counties in Kenya, the discussion programme reached an estimated 12.7 million people over three seasons, with a peak audience of 5.7 million in 2013 – the year of the general election. The show also maintained a loyal audience throughout all three seasons, with around half of all those reached annually tuning in for at least every second episode." (Executive summary, pages 6-7) more

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Évaluation du projet EBTICAR du 10 octobre 2017

CFI (2017), 11 pp.

"EBTICAR (E-booster for technical and Innovative Contents in the Arab region, ou « innovation » en langue arabe) a cherché à améliorer l'information fiable et diversifiée dans le débat démocratique en renforçant la capacité et la crédibilité des acteurs des médias en ligne de la Médite ... more

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Textbook Provision for All: Lessons Learned from the General Education Quality Improvement Project (GEQIP)

Girma Woldetsadik, Chandrani Raysarkar

Washington, DC: World Bank Group (2017), xiv, 40 pp.

"Ethiopia printed more than 78 million textbooks for 20.1 million students under GEQIP1. When the current reliance on development partners to provide teaching/learning materials comes to an end, these impressive gains can be sustained only if the Ethiopian government allocates adequate, predictable ... yearly financing from the treasury to do so. Based on the experience of GEQIP1, the average budget to sustain the provision of textbooks and teaching guides is estimated at 6–8 percent of the yearly recurrent budget for education (8–10 percent if supplementary materials are added). A second prerequisite for sustaining these gains is to develop an effective information management system to track national demand for textbooks in relation to supply and facilitate inventory control. To handle the complexities of international competitive bidding and maintain a strict timeline for routine delivery, the MoE should plan a robust capacity-building exercise that will help Ethiopia not only to manage textbook provision for larger linguistic groups but mainstream access to textbooks for minority groups as well. Lack of expertise and limited production facilities of local publishers and printers have required the government to resort to international alternatives, sometimes to the detriment of local enterprises. Given that it would be preferable to rely on local suppliers to produce teaching/learning materials of comparable quality to those produced internationally, a systematic effort is essential to scale up local capacity and enable the local printing industry to become competitive in supplying national requirements. As in many nations, Ethiopia’s weakest link in the textbook supply chain is the distribution system. Schools in rural and remote areas suffer the most. Restructuring the delivery system would ensure more timely distribution of teaching/learning materials from districts (woredas) to schools. Finally, students must be encouraged to bring their textbooks to school rather than keep them at home for fear of damaging them and incurring fines. Teachers, who are the primary facilitators of learning, must be trained in effective handling of textbooks and to play an active role in sensitizing families to the importance of using textbooks in the classroom." (Main findings, page xiv) more

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Search for Common Ground’s ‘Strengthening the Capacity of Civil Society to Contribute to Sustainable Governance in Liberia’: Final Evaluation Report

Heather Gilberds, Katherina Thomas

Search for Common Ground (2017), 58 pp.

"Overall, the program set out what it achieved to do—namely to strengthen the institutional capacity of civil society organizations to improve their credibility, visibility, effectiveness and sustainability. There is evidence that many partner CSOshave refined theirmission, developed a multi-year ... strategic plan, a communications plan, a gender policy and an HR policy. In addition, they are beginning to integrate new financial reporting and M&E structures. All of the partner CSOs have improved their sustainability byreceiving additional funds to continue their work, and many of them hav developed strategies to diversify their revenue generation, such as expanding their offices to rent out board rooms. A number of organizations are eager to pass their new knowledge onto others, with many training peer CSOs on what they learned through the Search program. Finally, the program was effective in improving their own confidence, with all of the partner CSOs expressing their appreciation of the program, and in particular the freedom they had to define their own priorities and objectives.A number of lessons emerged during the course of implementation that are relevant for Search’s future work in civil society strengthening, as well as for other organizations working in this sector: 1. The participatory benchmarking approach is useful to help organizations track improvments in their organziational capacity over time. However, there was a tendency for CSOs to overstate what was possible within a limited timeframe. As a result, benchmarks were not consistently met, and many of the capacity-related development were not fully institutionalized by the project end. 2. The integration of radio programs with other civil society organizing approaches—town hall meetings, workshops, and house to house outreach—is an effective way to improve awareness and engagement of citizens in governance reform issues on a mass scale. 3. Programs to improve the capacity and sustainability of CSOs, and to professionalize the sector, are crucial but often overlooked, in efforts to improve local governance in fragile and trasitional countries such as Liberia. 4. There is a need to continue efforts to link civil society actors together for cohesive action and to further improve the enabling environment for civil society in Liberia by providing opportunities for CSOs to develop strategic collaborations, improve organizational capacity development, and attract donor funds to support their work." (Conclusions) more

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Strengthening Accountability Through Media in Nigeria: Final Evaluation

Michael Adebisi, Foluke Fadare et al.

London: BBC Media Action (2017), 47 pp.

"In a highly competitive media landscape, BBC Media Action’s governance programmes reached 52.8 million people in 2014 (and an estimated 64.6 million cumulatively), representing more than half the adult population of the country. One reason for this success was the brokering of radio partnerships ... more

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Inclusive Rural Communication Services: Building Evidence, Informing Policy
Deep Insights

Rome: FAO; University of Queensland (2017), viii, 90 pp.

"This publication is the first scoping study aimed at compiling existing evaluation cases in the field of Communication for Development as applied to agricultural and rural development initiatives. It draws on a literature review and 19 cases across Africa, Asia-Pacific, Latin America and the Caribb ... more

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Participatory Video and the Pacifica Mamas: A Pilot Project

Malama Saifoloi, Evangelia Papoutsaki, Marcus Williams, Usha Sundar Harris, Munawwar Naqvi

Auckland: Unitec Institute of Technology (2016), 20 pp.

"Emerging literature highlights that in the Pacific, the use of participatory video (PV) is a new trend in research and community action. It can be employed as a tool to empower communities to have agency over their media outputs, meaning that they have full control of the content creation, producti ... more

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Evaluation of the Union of Tanzania Press Clubs Strategic Plan 2011-2015

Per Oesterlund, Neil MacDonald, Annemarie Mavenjina Nkelame, Rashweat Mukundu

Stockholm: Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency (Sida) (2016), 55 pp.

"The Union of Tanzania Press Cubs, UTCP, is an umbrella organisation, which supports a total of 28 local Press Clubs all over the country. The organisation describes its vision as: “A democratic Tanzania fully embracing a free, independent and robust media”, and the mission is formulated as: “ ... more

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Review and Renewal of Commonwealth Media Development Fund (CMDF)

Laleh Habib, Nabeel Goheer, Yogesh Bhatt

London: Commonwealth Secretariat (2016), 29 pp.

"A performance review found that CMDF’s planned outputs were generally achieved. From 1993 until 2011, the Commonwealth Media Development Fund (CMDF) administered more than 400 demand-driven activities. Project documentation was improved and attempts were made to monitor and evaluate project activ ... more

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Broadcasting Peace: A Case Study on Education for Peace, Participation and Skills Development Through Radio and Community Dialogue

Kampala: UNICEF; Straight Talk Foundation (2016), 32 pp.

"The intervention was designed to increase awareness about conflict drivers in education, strengthen youth competencies in peacebuilding and access to established community structures for conflict management, as well as promote collaborative partnerships around education in local communities. In all ... more

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Seeing is Believing: The SPRING/Digital Green Experience in Niger. Evidence from a Community Video Approach for Nutrition and Hygiene Behaviors

Leanne Dougherty, Marjolein Moreaux, Chaibou Dadi, Sophie Minault

Arlington, Va.: Strengthening Partnerships, Results, and Innovations in Nutrition Globally (SPRING) (2016), 47 pp.

"Community video is a powerful approach to improving nutrition practices, even in areas beset by drought, conflict, and food shortages. When community members create and share videos that promote optimal nutrition and hygiene behaviors, friends and neighbors pay attention. This report details the po ... more

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The Impact of Behaviour Change Communication on the Use of Insecticide Treated Nets: A Secondary Analysis of Ten Post-Campaign Surveys from Nigeria

Albert Kilian, Harriet Lawford, Chinazo N. Ujuju, Tarekegn A. Abeku, Ernest Nwokolo, Festus Okoh, Ebenezer Baba

Malaria Journal, volume 15, issue 422 (2016), 16 pp.

"Mass distribution campaigns of insecticide-treated nets for malaria prevention are usually accompanied by intensive behaviour change communication (BCC) to encourage hanging and use of nets. However, data on the effectiveness of these communication efforts are scarce. In preparation for the next ro ... more

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Exploring the Potential for Interactive Radio to Improve Accountability and Responsiveness to Small-Scale Farmers in Tanzania

Heather Gilberds et al.

Ottawa: Farm Radio International (2016), 36 pp.

"The research examines the possibilities of new digital technologies along with radio to facilitate adaptive management processes through rapid feedback to help ensure that agricultural development projects are farmer-centered, and meet the needs of those they intend to serve. Grounded in assessing ... Farm Radio International’s Listening Post—a methodology for collecting real-time, unfiltered feedback from farmers through a multi-channel platform linked to radio—the research highlights barriers to success and articulates lessons learned during the process of designing and implementing the model [...] The research demonstrates that linking a mobile-based crowd-sourcing tool with radio is effective at ensuring engagement from a large number of farmers. The radio stations offer a simple way to recruit participants from among the regular listeners of farmer radio programs. Also, the radio stations tend to be trusted sources of agricultural information among farmers, increasing motivation to participate. Further, the radio programs offer an easy way to close feedback loops by disseminating information about actions that stakeholders are taking in response to feedback. The Listening Post faced many of the same challenges documented by organizations utilizing similar tools—it was difficult to incentivize stakeholders to adequately respond to farmers, and competing motivations between extension officers, farmers, funders and partner organizations made it difficult to collect high-quality information that was usable and actionable. Moreover, an overarching focus on developing and implementing the technology and engaging a large number of farmers at the exclusion of other factors meant that many of the processes and mechanisms for effectively using the data collected and for responding to what farmers were saying weren’t fully developed. Despite these issues, there is significant evidence that the Listening Post model holds potential to act as a conduit for civic action if the correct stakeholders are engaged from the outset, if mechanisms for analyzing and disseminating relevant data from the platform to partners, local stakeholders and farmers is further refined, and if stakeholders ensure farmers can effectively use the technology." (Executive summary) more

Inclusive Rural Communication Services: Building Evidence, Informing Policy Deep Insights

Inclusive Rural Communication Services: Building Evidence, Informing Policy
Deep Insights