Filter
202
Featured
Free Access
98
Key Guidance
1
Top Insights
2
Topics
Female Journalists & Media Workers
72
Self-Censorship
24
Safety of Journalists, Safety Risks of Media Workers
14
Journalists Dealing with Risks & Threats, Resilience & Wellbeing of Media Workers
13
Gender-Based Online Harassment & Sexual Threats
9
Cyberbullying, Cyberharassment
7
Gender-Based Harassment, Intimidation & Violence
7
Media Freedom, Press Freedom
6
Countering Defamation & Harassment
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Safety of Journalists: Law & Public Policies
5
Press Freedom & Communication Rights Violations
4
Countering Hate Speech, Disinformation & Propaganda
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Hate Speech, Hate Speech in Social Media
3
Media Law & Regulation
3
Chilling Effects (Discouragement of Legitimate Exercise of Legal Rights)
2
Impunity for Crimes Against Journalists & Media Personnel
2
Surveillance, Surveillance Technologies, Spyware
2
Russia-Ukraine War <2014-
2
Conflict Reporting, Armed Conflict Reporting
2
Sports Reporting
2
Foreign Correspondents
2
Protests, Protest Movements, Protest Reporting & Media Representation
2
Working Conditions of Journalists & Media Personnel
2
Authoritarian Regimes: Media Systems & Landscapes
1
Independent & Oppositional Media in Authoritarian Regimes
1
Cybersecurity, Digital Safety, Privacy, Right to Privacy
1
Digital Media Censorship, Control & Filtering, Internet & Social Media Censorship
1
Media / Communication Control
1
Censorship
1
Countering Press Freedom Violations by Legal Actions
1
Killings of Journalists & Media Personnel
1
Violence Against Journalists & Media Personnel
1
Alternative Communication & Media
1
Trauma, Coping with Trauma, Trauma Therapy
1
Twitter & Microblogs
1
LGBT & Communication / Media
1
Minority Journalists
1
Disinformation, Misinformation, Fake News
1
Disinformation & Misinformation Law & Regulation
1
Self-Regulation of Media
1
Gender Representation & Stereotypes in the Media
1
Gender-Sensitive Journalism
1
Women's Rights
1
COVID-19 Communication
1
Indigenous Journalists & Communicators
1
Russia: Foreign Information Operations, International Broadcasting, Public Diplomacy
1
European Union (EU)
1
Associations & Networks of Journalists
1
Investigative Journalism
1
Journalism Education & Training
1
Local Television
1
COVID-19 Pandemic: Effects on Journalism, Media & Communication
1
Media Landscapes, Media Systems, Media Situation in General
1
Criminal Law & Criminal Prosecution
1
Human Rights Violations
1
Law Enforcement, Litigations, Legal Practice, Case Law, Jurisdiction
1
Legal Protection
1
Migration & Refugees Reporting & (Social) Media Representation
1
Hindu Nationalism
1
Democracy / Democratization and Media
1
Media Capture, Vested Political & Other Interests in the Media
1
Taliban
1
COVID-19 Pandemic: Economic, Political and Social Effects
1
Language
Document type
Countries / Regions
Authors & Publishers
Media focus
Publication Years
Methods applied
Journals
Output Type
Comparing Risks to Journalism: Media Criticism in the Digital Hate
Digital Journalism, volume 12, issue 3 (2024), pp. 294-313
"This study examines digital media criticism—publicly shared evaluations and judgements of journalistic text and actors on various digital platforms—as a risk to journalism. It specifically interrogates how journalists negotiate the diverse nature of criticism in digital spaces and in a comparat
...
Media Freedom and Safety of Journalists in South Asian Countries: An Overview
"In the digital world, every profession has seen a massive transformation in terms of working mechanisms, approaches to the problem, dealing with prospects, moving forward to conceptualising the solution and so on. Likewise, the media field has also seen a massive transformation. The working pattern
...
Being a Woman-Journalist in a Polarized Context in Mozambique
"This chapter addresses the issue of harassment in the media space in Mozambique. In fact, the issue of harassment of women in the media is a complex and multifaceted problem that can manifest in many ways. One aspect of this issue is the representation of women in media. Women are often objectified
...
Digital Surveillance, Online and Offline Harassment, and Feminist Media Politics
"This chapter examines the digital surveillance and harassment experiences faced by female journalists in Zimbabwe in the 2023 pre-election period covering the year 2022 up to August 2023. The examination is based on interviews conducted with seven purposefully selected female reporters and editors
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“There Were No Repercussions, Nothing, Life Continued”: Experiences of Harassment by Female Journalists
"The chapter explores the challenges associated with harassment for entry-level to mid-career journalists across South Africa’s hybrid media platforms. The study employed a qualitative methodology consisting of semi-structured interviews with 12 entry-level and mid-career journalists with industry
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Outsourcing Repression: Impunity and Harassment of Journalists in Malawi
"The media sector expanded after the multiparty system’s reintroduction in the 1990s in Malawi. The growth has been enabled by a legal environment in which the Constitution guarantees freedom of expression and the press. The Constitution is the supreme law of the land, meaning that all the laws th
...
Harassment and Threats Faced by Journalists in Kenya: Implications for Press Freedom and Independent Reporting
"The freedom of the press is a cornerstone of democracy and a critical component of a functioning society. In Kenya, like many other countries, journalists face a myriad of challenges when reporting on sensitive issues, including corruption and government wrongdoing. These challenges include physica
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Independent Online Journalists' Harassment and the Emotional Repercussions
"Communication the world over is a vital cog in communities. The sender and the receiver play different and complementary roles in information dissemination. Be that as it may, many contemporary information senders are faced with different forms of harassment. The advent of social media has seen a r
...
Unraveling the Digital Threat: Exploring the Impact of Online Harassment on South Korean Journalists’ Professional Roles
Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly, volume 101, issue 2 (2024), pp. 529-551
"This research examines whether and to what extent journalists are harassed online and the effects of online harassment on their professional roles. The study classifies online harassment against journalists into five types: insults, threats, privacy intrusion, sexual assault, and cyber-hacking. The
...
Coping with Hate: Exploring Indian Journalists’ Responses to Online Harassment
Journalism Practice, volume 18, issue 2 (2024), pp. 337-355
"In India, the ruling Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) employs a digital army of right-wing supporters to harass journalists who are critical of the party's Hindu-nationalist ideology. As a result, the country's press freedom rankings have significantly declined over the past decade. While scholars have
...
Online Harassment, Psychological Stressors, and Occupational Dysfunction among Journalists Working in a Conflict Zone
Digital Journalism, volume 12, issue 6 (2024), pp. 735-752
"Amid increasing threats and assaults against journalists across the globe, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP) province in northwest Pakistan remains one of the most dangerous places in the world for journalists. Whereas online harassment is increasingly affecting journalists, experiences of online harassment
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Gendered Threats and Attacks in and outside the Newsroom: Nigerian Female Journalists' Experiences with Harassment
"This chapter explores Nigerian female journalists’ lived experiences with harassment in and outside the newsroom. Using a qualitative approach, 12 in-depth interviews were conducted with female journalists in broadcast media houses in Nigeria, and themes that emerged from the data obtained via in
...
Patterns of Harassment in African Journalism
New York: Routledge (2024), xvii, 251 pp.
"Drawing from case studies from selected African countries, an international team of authors offer a broad insight into the state of harassment across the continent, while building new theoretical perspectives that are also context-specific. The chapters bring previous theories and research up to da
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Emergent Forms and Patterns of Online Harassment of Women Journalists in African countries
"The internet and digital platforms have contributed to the democratisation of the public sphere. A number of studies have shown how the internet and new digital platforms have brought subaltern voices into the mainstream. However, recent studies show that on the flip side, the cybersphere also prom
...
Journalists' Repression, Harassment and Attacks in Eswatini and Botswana
"Amid growing threats to journalists around the world, this study examines the nature of repression, harassment and attacks on full-time employed journalists and freelance writers in Eswatini. Given that harassment ranges from doxing, surveillance, religious prejudice, threats to harm family members
...
The Cost of Dissent in a Governance System Characterized by ‘Political Marketplace': A Phenomenological Study of Independent Journalists in Ethiopia
"The chapter examines the cost of dissent in a governance system that is structured by ‘political marketplace.’ Informed by Alex de Waal ‘political marketplace’ conceptual framework and employing a phenomenological approach, the chapter chronicles the lived experiences of nine independent jo
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Taking to the streets: The effects of in-the-field harassment against journalists covering protests
Journalism, volume 25, issue 2 (2024), pp. 275-294
"Since 2017, 518 journalists have been attacked while covering protests (U.S. Press Freedom Tracker, 2021) which is one of the most dangerous places to be as a journalist in the United States (Sterne & Peters, 2017). Despite the volatile climate around journalists as they cover increasingly dangerou
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How News Organizations Cultivate and Maintain Sexist Newsrooms via Gendered Journalistic Norms, Sexual Harassment, and the Boys’ Club
Women's Studies in Communication, volume 47, issue 3 (2024), pp. 268-291
"This study used in-depth interviews and focus groups of editors and journalists in Kenya (N*=*55) to show how news organizations fail to prioritize gender equality. All participants identified a gendered hierarchy in newsrooms, which participants believed connects to other inequalities such as stor
...
Time to Act: Measures of Curbing Harassment of Journalists in African Newsrooms
"This chapter discusses the safety measures that newsrooms should adopt to help fight various forms of harassment. The chapter comes against the background of previous studies having found that newsrooms are ill-prepared to address different forms of harassment. As a result, journalists are left wit
...
Safety of Journalists in the Run-Up to the 2023 Elections in Zimbabwe
"In March 2023, a Zimbabwean government official caused a storm after threatening journalists with arrests for reporting on an Al Jazeera documentary that exposed alleged money laundering, gold smuggling and other criminal activities in the country. Journalists and media groups interpreted these utt
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