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Journals
Output Type
Fake News Addicts: How Disinformation and its Mongers Strive in Ukraine 2020
Potsdam: Friedrich Naumann Foundation (2020), 10 pp.
"As we can see, disinformation can be spread by ordinary responsible individuals with good intentions as well as by, dare I say, entire bot nations consisting of millions of active bot accounts that reach all possible audiences of any age, gender, and interests. And for any audiences that haven't be
...
The Unbearable Ease of Misinformation
Budapest: Center for Media, Data and Society (CMDS) (2020), 163 pp.
"Misinformation is a lucrative business in several Eastern European countries, reliant on advertising revenue, and pulling in cash from a variety of other sources including government subsidies, crowdfunding, tax designations, donations and sales of merchandise. The Business of Misinformation projec
...
Free Vs. False: Namibia’s Changing Media Landscape Presents Tough Choices for Citizens
Afrobarometer (2020), 10 pp.
"Most adult Namibians own mobile phones (88%) and radios (67%). Four in 10 (40%) own television sets, and one in four (25%) own computers. Daily Internet use has multiplied over the past decade, increasing from 5% in 2008 to 28% in 2019. But more than four in 10 Namibians (44%) still “never” use
...
Journalism Education and Fake News: A Literature Review
Medijska Istraživanja, volume 26, issue 2 (2020), pp. 77-99
"This article offers a scholarly review of the literature and research on journalism education and fake news from an international and a local (Croatian) perspective. The purpose of this paper is to examine the connection between the education for journalists as a scholarly and academic discipline (
...
A Systematic Review on Fake News Themes Reported in Literature
In: Responsible Design, Implementation and Use of Information and Communication Technology. I3E 2020
International Federation for Information Processing (IFIP) (2020), pp. 223-234
"In this systematic literature review, a study of the factors involved in the spreading of fake news, have been provided. In this review, the root causes of the spreading of fake news are identified to reduce the encouraging of such false information. To combat the spreading of fake news on social m
...
From Novelty to Normalization? How Journalists Use the Term “Fake News” in their Reporting
Journalism Studies, volume 21, issue 10 (2020), pp. 1323-1343
"During recent years, worries about fake news have been a salient aspect of mediated debates. However, the ubiquitous and fuzzy usage of the term in news reporting has led more and more scholars and other public actors to call for its abandonment in public discourse altogether. Given this status as
...
Understanding Misinformation on Mobile Instant Messengers (MIMs) in Developing Countries
Deep Insights
Shorenstein Center on Media, Politics and Public Policy (2020), 27 pp.
"We conducted a mixed-methods research project in Nigeria, India, and Pakistan consisting of surveys, survey experiments, and semi-structured interviews, to better understand the spread and impact of misinformation, and in particular of misinformation on mobile messaging apps (MIMs). One of our goal
...
Misinformation Review
Deep Insights
"The HKS Misinformation Review is a new format of peer-reviewed, scholarly publication. Content is produced and “fast-reviewed” by misinformation scientists and scholars, released under open access licensing, and geared towards emphasizing real-world implications. All content is targeted towards
...
The Debunking Handbook 2020
Deep Insights
Databrary (2020), 19 pp.
"The handbook is a consensus document that was created by an innovative process that involved a series of predefined steps, all of which were followed and documented and are publicly available. The authors were invited based on their scientific status in the field, and they all agreed on all points
...
Disorder in the Newsroom: The Media's Perceptions and Response to the Infodemic
Media Matters for Democracy; Friedrich Naumann Foundation (2020), 29 pp.
"The research included a survey of 546 journalists along with in-depth interviews of 10 senior reporters and editors in national and international newsrooms based in Pakistan. The survey, aimed at understanding the perception of their ability to identify and counter misinformation, found that almost
...
Social Media and Disinformation in War Propaganda: How Afghan Government and the Taliban Use Twitter
Media Asia, volume 47, issue 1-2 (2020), pp. 34-46
"This study examines disinformation and propaganda in war in the age of information particularly through social media. It analyzes Twitter's posts of the Afghan government and the Taliban, from January to March 2018. For understanding disinformation, 952 tweets of both parties were crosschecked with
...
Das ist keine Propaganda: Wie unsere Wirklichkeit zertrümmert wird
Bonn: Bundeszentrale für politische Bildung (bpb), Sonderausg. (2020), 295 pp.
"Auf der ganzen Welt nutzen unterschiedlichste Akteure die Wirkungsmechanismen der digitalen Medien aus, um durch gezielte Desinformationskampagnen die öffentliche Meinung zu beeinflussen. Dies, so lautet die zentrale These von Peter Pomerantsev, bedrohe Demokratien und Demokratisierungsprozesse. W
...
Countering Fake News: A Comparison of Possible Solutions Regarding User Acceptance and Effectiveness
Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction, issue CSCW2, Article 140 (2020), 27 pp.
"This work takes a user-centered approach on means to counter identified mis- and disinformation in social media. We conduct a three-step study design on how approaches in social media should be presented to respect the users’ needs and experiences and how effective they are. As our first step, in
...
Fake News: Understanding Media and Misinformation in the Digital Age
Cambridge, Mass.; London: MIT Press (2020), xi, 395 pp.
Turkey's Changing Media Landscape
Washington, DC: Center for American Progress (2020), 24 pp.
"This report highlights numerous troubling developments in Turkey’s media landscape. Distrust in the media has reached crisis proportions, with fully 70 percent of Turks viewing the media as dishonest. These doubts have formed the backdrop for rapid shifts in how Turks access political news and in
...
Port-Au-Prince Information Ecosystem Assessment
Internews; Panos Caribbean (2020), 70 pp.
"Key finding 1: A trusted thirdperson is the most important information provider. When asked for their main source of information, family, friends, and religious leaders accounted for 89% of the response choices combined. Additionally, 97% stated they trust their family and friends. Key finding 2: S
...
Industrialized Disinformation: 2020 Global Inventory of Organized Social Media Manipulation
Deep Insights
Oxford: University of Oxford, Oxford Internet Institute (2020), 23 pp.
"Our 2020 report highlights the recent trends of computational propaganda across 81 countries and the evolving tools, capacities, strategies, and resources used to manipulate public opinion around the globe. We identify three key trends in this year’s inventory of disinformation activity: 1. Cyber
...
The Hype Machine: How Social Media Disrupts Our Elections, Our Economy, and Our Health - and How We Must Adapt
London: HarperCollins (2020), xv, 390 pp.
"It is paramount, MIT social media expert Sinan Aral says, that we recognize the outsized impact social media has on our culture, our democracy, and our lives in order to steer today's social technology toward good, while avoiding the ways it can pull us apart. Otherwise, we could fall victim to wha
...
Exploring Turkey's Disinformation Ecosystem: An Overview
Istanbul: Edam Centre for Economics and Foreign Policy Studies (2020), 28 pp.
"The study’s key findings revealed that the Turkish information landscape is exposed to nearly all kinds of false information at very high rates. Frequent botnet and troll activity in Turkey’s social media use brings about more disinformation, fueling polarization and subversive discourse. Above
...
