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Digital Ecosystem Country Assessment (DECA): Honduras

Ariel Magid, Mauricio Bastien Olvera, Jacqueline Foelster, Wendy Alas

USAID, Digital Frontiers Project (2023), 116 pp.

"The Honduras Digital Ecosystem Country Assessment (DECA) report presents the findings and recommendations of the Honduras DECA. It outlines the key aspects of Honduras' digital ecosystem and provides 9 recommendations for creating a more inclusive, safe, and enabling environment. Guided by USAID/Ho ... more

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Guidelines for the Governance of Digital Platforms: Safeguarding Freedom of Expression and Access to Information Through a Multi-Stakeholder Approach

Paris: UNESCO (2023), 58 pp.

"The Guidelines outline a set of duties, responsibilities and roles for States, digital platforms, intergovernmental organizations, civil society, media, academia, the technical community and other stakeholders to enable the environment where freedom of expression and information are in the core of ... more

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Vers une présence totale: Une réflexion pastorale à propos de l’engagement sur les réseaux sociaux

Cité du Vatican: Dicastère pour la Communication (2023), 36 pp.

"Les pages qui suivent sont le fruit d’une réflexion impliquant des experts, des enseignants, des jeunes professionnels et leaders, des laïcs, des membres du clergé et des religieux. L’objectif est d’aborder certaines des principales questions concernant la manière dont les chrétiens devr ... more

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Digital Well-Being

Liliana Arroyo Moliner, Vicky Charalambous, Veronique De Leneer, Demos Michael, Victoria Michaelidou, Norman Röhner, Charalambos Vrasidas

All Digital (2023), 20 pp.

"Our analysis of digital well-being underlines the imperative for broad, inclusive and accessible digital competence development. It is only by everyone having at least basic digital competences that the health and well-being in digital settings can be adequately safeguarded and improved. Likewise, ... more

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Connecting every school in Indonesia: A bespoke implementation framework

Cahya Ratih

Geneva: ITU (2023), vii, 38 pp.

"The unprecedented situation brought on by the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic has forced many sectors in Indonesia to transform and deliver their public services using ICTs. While the government has leveraged its school connectivity programme, started before the pandemic, in response to the tremend ... more

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Mirada comunicacional: El desafío de constituir un espacio público plural en Venezuela

Andrés Cañizález

In: Nueva mirada sobre Venezuela: Reflexiones para construir una visión compartida

Katharina Wegner, Manuel Zapata (coord.)

Caracas: Universidad Católica Andrés Bello (UCAB); Fundación Centro Gumilla (2023), pp. 179-202

"Desde Venezuela, en pleno siglo XXI, es válida la discusión sobre la necesidad de formular políticas públicas democráticas para las comunicaciones. Partiendo de que cuando se habla de políticas públicas se concibe la posibilidad de prácticas incluyentes, en las que se abra el horizonte de r ... more

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Digital Ecosystem Country Assessment (DECA): Bangladesh

Mohammad Ashrafuzzaman, Raiyan Kabir, Connor Mackenzie, Olga Morawczynski

USAID, Digital Frontiers Project (2023), 116 pp.

"The Bangladesh Digital Ecosystem Country Assessment (DECA) report presents the findings and recommendations of the Bangladesh DECA. It outlines the key aspects of Bangladesh's digital ecosystem and provides 10 recommendations for creating a more inclusive, safe, and enabling environment. Guided by ... three USAID/Bangladesh priorities, which include i ) improved democratic systems that promote transparency, accountability, and integrity; ii) enhanced opportunities for an inclusive, healthy, educated society, and a robust economy; and iii) strengthened resilience to shocks and stressors, the DECA process included desk research, consultations with USAID/Bangladesh technical offices, and 81 key informant interviews with stakeholders from civil society, academia, and the private and public sectors. Key findings include: Bangladesh’s digital ecosystem has steadily evolved over the last decade; the Government of Bangladesh (GoB)'s Vision 2021 and Vision 2041 underscore the importance of Digital Bangladesh and have been drivers for digital transformation across the country. However, undefined roadmaps and uneven knowledge of digitalization among government officials undermine GoB’s efforts; limited digital literacy is a key barrier across all aspects of the ecosystem; connectivity is affected by poor quality of services and lack of affordable data; a growing ecosystem of locally relevant content is key to closing the usage gap; barriers in terms of funding and understanding user needs remain; Bangladesh ranks Number One in South Asia on the e-government academy’s National Cybersecurity Index (NCSI) in terms of the availability of necessary laws and policy, but there is significant room for improvement when it comes to the strength of implementation across the ecosystem; misinformation and disinformation are widespread in the digital sphere; mobile financial services are expansive in Bangladesh and increasingly inclusive; e-commerce and the tech startup environment have grown quickly due to an increase in international and domestic investments and an active private sector; an expansive digital talent pool exists, but they are not trained to their fullest potential, hindering their income potential and Bangladesh’s growth trajectory." (https://www.usaid.gov/digital-development) more

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Übereinkommen über den Schutz und die Förderung der Vielfalt kultureller Ausdrucksformen

Bonn: Deutsche UNESCO-Kommission (2023), 91 pp.

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Investigative Journalism and Fiscal Transparency: Catalysts for Addressing Corruption in Oil-producing Developing Countries

Claire Naval et al.

Paris: OECD (2023), 47 pp.

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Co-creating our digital future: How open-source technology can expand inclusive digital public infrastructure

Chrissy Meier, Heath Arensen

Digital Impact Alliance (dial) (2023), 18 pp.

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Finding the Funds for Journalism to Thrive: Policy Options to Support Media Viability
Deep Insights

Anya Schiffrin, Emily Bell, Julie Posetti, Francesca Edgerton

Paris: UNESCO (2022), 16 pp.

"The traditional business model of the news media has been deeply eroded by a shift in advertising revenues to online platforms. Media outlets must intensify efforts towards more inclusive journalism, alternative business models and diversified revenue streams. Urgent action from other actors is als ... more

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Femicidios en los medios y en la opinión pública: Estudio de las coberturas y su impacto

Estudio D’Alessio Irol

Buenos Aires: Iniciativa Spotlight (2022), 33 pp.

"Este proyecto tiene dos objetivos principales: por un lado, realizar un análisis sobre las coberturas periodísticas de femicidios y hechos de violencia de género en diferentes medios de comunicación de todo el país y, por otra parte, indagar cuál es el impacto que este tipo de noticias genera ... more

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Encoded Biases & Future Imaginaries

Favour Borokini, Bonnita Nyamwire, Garnett Achieng, Neema Iyer

Kampala: Pollicy (2022), iv, 37 pp.

"This paper is the second in a series of three papers that explore the relationship between women in Africa today and Artificial Intelligence. In it, the authors explore the threats and benefits Artificial Intelligence brings to African women in different sectors; what it means to be an African woma ... more

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Afghan Media under the Taliban: Restrictions and Violations

Kobra Moradi

Afghanistan Human Rights and Democracy Organization (AHRDO) (2022), 48 pp.

"[...] Since returning to power in August 2021, the Taliban has imposed a new media control regime, which has three key features: restriction, gender-discrimination, and repression with impunity. First, the Taliban has passed several media policies, imposing extreme constraints on press freedom and ... media rights. Any sort of critical reporting on topics related to the government or the public is banned. The Taliban regulate the content of publications and broadcasts, imposing broad, vaguely worded prohibitions. For example, under the new regulations, media content that contradicts “Islamic values,” “Afghan values,” and “public interest” is prohibited. No operational definitions have been provided for these terms, nor an objective standard for assessing and determining breach. This has caused uncertainty and confusion about what the media can and cannot publish and broadcast, often resulting in precautionary media self-censorship. The new rules also give the Taliban sweeping powers to directly control the media and news output, barring broadcast and publication of matters and content that has not been officially sanctioned by Taliban official/s. These restrictions and interferences limit the right and ability of the Afghan media to seek, receive and impart information freely and independently. Second, the Taliban has passed policies specifically targeting Afghan women in the media. These restrictions give the Taliban control over women’s attire and the nature and scope of their involvement in the media, restraining their freedom of expression and movement, as well as their ability to perform their tasks effectively. The general travel restrictions on women and girls make it almost impossible for women to work, in particular, limiting the ability of female journalists from gathering information or contributing to field reporting. The Taliban’s antiwomen media policies and practices are aimed towards excluding Afghan women from the media and public life. Third, the Taliban treats the Afghan media and media-related affairs as a security threat. The Taliban security and intelligence agencies are increasingly involved in controlling media affairs. Taliban operatives use repressive measures against members of the Afghan media in claiming to enforce the new regulations. Afghan journalists and other members of the media have been subjected to heavy surveillance, intimidation, and arbitrary arrest and detention. Cases of beatings, enforced disappearances, and extrajudicial killings have also taken place." (Executive summary, pages 1-2) more

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Position Paper: The Sustainability of Journalism and Competition in the Digital Economy

South African National Editors' Forum (SANEF) (2022), 51 pp.

"This position paper reports on the findings of a research project conducted from late-2021 to early-2022 involving consultations with a range of stakeholders in the news media and digital advertising industries, regulators, and government officials, as well as extensive desk research on the state o ... more

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Equally Safe: Towards a Feminist Approach to the Safety of Journalists
Deep Insights

Jennifer Robinson, Keina Yoshida et al.

London: Article 19 (2022), 63 pp.

"In 2021, ARTICLE 19 set out to make sometimes invisible practices more visible, building on our existing programmes on the safety of women journalists worldwide. We undertook original research globally and specifically in six countries, three in Asia (Bangladesh, Nepal, and Sri Lanka) and three in ... more

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How Platforms Respond to Human Rights Conflicts Online: Best Practices in Weighing Rights and Obligations in Hybrid Online Orders

Matthias C. Kettemann (ed.)

Hamburg: Leibniz Institut für Medienforschung; Global Digital Human Rights Network (GDHRNet) (2022), 187 pp.

"Platforms have power. But this power is not unchecked. Governments have an important role to play in protecting their citizens' rights vis-à-vis third parties and ensuring a communication order in which rights are not violated. (And in addition, of course, they need to respect human rights themsel ... more

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The Russians Are Coming! The Russians Are Coming? Russia’s Growing Presence in Africa and its Implication for European Policy

Guido Lanfranchi, Kars de Bruijne

The Hague: Netherlands Institute of International Relations 'Clingendael' (2022), 46 pp.

"The growth of Russia’s presence across Africa over the last decade has generated significant international concern, further exacerbated after Moscow’s invasion of Ukraine. Russia’s engagement can affect the interests and policies of the European Union (EU) and its member states (MS) in Africa ... . How should European policymakers understand these developments and respond to them? To answer this question, this report looks at Russia’s engagement in Africa, reaching three main conclusions. First, Moscow’s engagement with Africa has so far remained limited as compared to that of other global players, particularly in the economic domain. The current level of (media) attention devoted to Russia’s role in Africa is thus not supported by sufficient evidence of its actual engagement in the continent. At the same time, however, the growth of Russia’s presence is a real trend. Second, Russian actors are guided by a rather loose strategy when it comes to Africa. The Russian state has some interests that act as a broad framework. However, the actual engagement is carried out not only by state actors, but also by state-backed conglomerates and politically connected private businesses. These latter actors have their own specific interests, which are not always fully aligned with those of the Russian state. While state actors are often driven by geopolitical considerations, Russian companies are more interested in economic opportunities. Third, Russia’s engagement in African countries is significantly shaped by the different national contexts and by the interests of African governments. For instance, in a strong state like Ethiopia, Russia’s engagement takes place exclusively at the governmental level. By contrast, in Sudan and Mali (contexts with weaker state structures), other Russian actors like private military companies (PMCs) and private businesses are involved. Yet, in all three cases, Moscow’s presence tends to grow when relations between African governments and their international partners (especially in the West) deteriorate, often in the wake of authoritarian turns. This shows the opportunistic nature of Russia’s engagement, as well as the complex trade-offs faced by EU/MS governments when engaging with African governments." (Executive summary) more

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Supply Chain Analysis: Jordan

Washington, DC: Global Book Alliance; Education Development Center (EDC); USAID (2022), viii, 85 pp.

"Jordan has an active and vibrant children’s book publishing sector, enhanced by the many international organizations that are working in education and health to create children’s reading materials. Reports indicate that certain types of books are widely available in Jordanian schools: 99.3% of ... Jordanian students have textbooks, and 67.6% of classrooms have additional reading materials. Although the quantity of books in many classrooms meets international norms, the mix of book types, including decodable and leveled readers for the youngest grades, is often inadequate for teaching beginning students to read. This, combined with some 30%−35% of classrooms functioning only with textbooks, creates inequities that improvements to book supply chains can address. The book issue is part of a larger set of challenges that limit literacy. Until recently, teachers have not been trained in early-grade reading techniques that use explicit phonics instruction. Because of this historical lack of an explicit phonics approach, leveled and decodable readers are still an unfamiliar concept in Jordan, and ERMs are not included in the MoE’s textbook procurement system. Because the MoE doesn't procure these kinds of books, they aren't produced en masse, and because they're not produced en masse, they're not procured, which leads to a vicious cycle and a broken chain of supply and demand. Teaching also has not taken into account the important role of reading aloud to children. This is critical, given the situation of diglossia in Jordan, in which students speak a dialect of Arabic at home but learn to read Modern Standard Arabic when they start school. Exposure to oral Modern Standard Arabic, which could be provided through reading aloud to children, has been proven to lift literacy rates among Arabic speakers. Books are too expensive for many low-income families, and reading for pleasure is not common, which leads to reduced demand for books at home. This means that a child’s only exposure to print is during school hours, which are too short a window of time in which to acquire reading skills. The traditional definition of literacy has rested on recitation of Qur’anic texts; only recently has the emphasis shifted toward a definition based on deriving meaning from text. In addition, the content of children’s books can be poor, with serious spelling and grammatical mistakes that reduce public perception of the quality of these books, and may reduce demand. Libraries, which could fill the gap left by lack of books at home, are not very attractive; while libraries in private schools tend to have books and learning resources for all ages, most libraries are stocked with books that either do not interest or address the needs of students or that have quickly eteriorated. Less educated parents tend to give all importance to the textbook and do not encourage their children to borrow and read books for general reading pleasure." (Executive summary, pages 2-3) more

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Platform Oversight: A Neglected Link in Internet’s Regulatory Futures

Augustina Del Campo

Buenos Aires: Universidad de Palermo, Centro de Estudios en Libertad de Expresión y Acceso a la Informatión (CELE) (2022), 34 pp.

"The first section of this article frames the discussion of oversight in the legal theory of governance; then it analyzes different initiatives of regulation, co-regulation, and self-regulation centering on a few aspects of the mechanisms that impact their independence, impartiality, competence, and ... more

Finding the Funds for Journalism to Thrive: Policy Options to Support Media Viability Deep Insights

Equally Safe: Towards a Feminist Approach to the Safety of Journalists Deep Insights

Finding the Funds for Journalism to Thrive: Policy Options to Support Media Viability
Deep Insights

Equally Safe: Towards a Feminist Approach to the Safety of Journalists
Deep Insights