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AI and automated decision-making in news and media: Key technologies and emerging challenges
Melbourne: ARC Centre of Excellence for Automated Decision-Making and Society; RMIT University (2023), 37 pp.
"Automated systems and processes are a common feature of the news and media environment. This report introduces four key examples: search, recommendation, automated content moderation and curation, and advertising technology (AdTech). We provide a basic explanation of how these systems work at the t
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Online Content Moderation and Post Conflict Peacebuilding: A Review to the Regulatory Framework in Colombia
Fundación para la Libertad de Prensa (FLIP); UNESCO (2023), 83 pp.
"This text is divided into four chapters. The first chapter describes the characteristics of online public debate in Colombia. It also presents the historical context and details the circumstances in which risky content for democracy and human rights content is published and disseminated in the coun
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Digital Platform Governance and the Challenges for Trust and Safety. Part 3: Possible Regulatory Solutions to Address Concerns with the Platforms
Research ICT Africa; UNESCO (2023), 19 pp.
"Platform problems are linked to the fact that they are not self-governing according to agreed industry standards but mainly ‘solo-governing’ when it comes to content curation and moderation. Reaction to the failure of current platform efforts to regulate content includes the danger of over-regu
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Regulating Disinformation on Twitter and Facebook
Griffith Law Review, volume 31, issue 4 (2023), pp. 513-536
"The spread of disinformation in recent years has caused the international community concerns, particularly around its impact on electoral and public health outcomes. When one considers how disinformation can be contained, one often looks to new laws imposing more accountability on prominent social
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Social Media 4 Peace: Local Lessons for Global Practices
Paris: UNESCO (2023), 69 pp.
"The three countries [Bosnia and Herzegovina, Indonesia, and Kenya] provide evidence of online hate speech and disinformation affecting human rights offline. The evidence is not comprehensive yet clear enough to raise serious concerns. Online gender-based violence is also reported as critical in the
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WhatsApp and Transparency: An Analysis on the Effects of Digital Platforms’ Opacity in Political Communication Research Agendas in Brazil
Profesional de la Información, volume 32, issue 2 (2023), 14 pp.
"This article aims to discuss what we call environmental opacity, a condition of mobile instant messaging services (MIMS) that operates on the basis of end-to-end encryption systems. Utilizing WhatsApp as a specific example, the article presents two fundamental dilemmas around which some issues conc
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Policy Brief: Ensuring Ethical AI Practices to Counter Disinformation
MediaFutures; Luiss Data Lab (2023), 15 pp.
"In particular we recommend to strengthen collaboration (platforms should adopt a collaborative approach involving various stakeholders, including governments, civil society organisations, and fact-checkers, to counter the spread and impact of disinformation. This can include sharing information, be
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Digital Platform Governance and the Challenges for Trust and Safety. Part 1: Why Lies and Hatred Proliferate on Digital Platforms
Research ICT Africa; UNESCO (2023), 21 pp.
"Online and platform content that may cause harm through the breach of human rights is sufficiently widespread to have raised concerns about the potentially severe implications for the future of trust, safety, democracy and sustainable development. A certain amount of this content is curbed by the d
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Researching the Evolving Online Ecosystem: Telegram, Discord and Odysee
London: Institute for Strategic Dialogue (ISD) (2023), 59 pp.
"Harmful actors use an ever-expanding range of digital spaces to spread harmful ideologies and undermine human rights and democracy online. Understanding their evolving ideas, online networks and activities is critical to the development of a more comprehensive evidence base to inform effective and
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State of Internet Freedom in Africa 2023. A Decade of Internet Freedom in Africa: Recounting the Past, Shaping the Future
CIPESA (2023), 71 pp.
"This special edition honours the efforts of various state and non-state actors in the promotion of internet freedom in Africa. The report takes a deep dive into the dynamic landscape of internet freedom on the African continent and offers contextual information and evidence to inform ICT policymaki
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De-platforming disinformation: Conspiracy theories and their control
Information, Communication & Society, volume 26, issue 6 (2023), pp. 1262-1280
"Informed by two case studies of de-platforming interventions performed by Facebook against two high profile conspiracy theorists who had been messaging about Covid-19, this article investigates how de-platforming functions as an instrument of social control, illuminating the intended and unintended
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Social Media Platforms and Challenges for Democracy, Rule of Law and Fundamental Rights
Brussels: European Parliament, Policy Department for Citizens’ Rights and Constitutional Affairs (2023), 151 pp.
"This study, commissioned by the European Parliament’s Policy Department for Citizens’ Rights and Constitutional Affairs at the request of the LIBE Committee, examines risks that contemporary social media - focusing in particular on the most widely-used platforms - present for democracy, the rul
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Digital Platform Governance and the Challenges for Trust and Safety. Part 2: Platform's Own Policies and Practices: What Problems Need Changing?
Research ICT Africa; UNESCO (2023), 7 pp.
"Platform policies lack clarity about the relationship between them, and also about how policies should be applied at global and local levels. How platforms understand and identify harms is insufficiently mapped to human rights standards, and there is a gap in how policy elements should deal with di
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Challenges and Perspectives of Hate Speech Research
Deep Insights
Berlin: Freie Universität Berlin, Institute for Media and Communication Studies (2023), 482 pp.
"This book is the result of a conference that could not take place. It is a collection of 26 texts that address and discuss the latest developments in international hate speech research from a wide range of disciplinary perspectives. This includes case studies from Brazil, Lebanon, Poland, Nigeria,
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"Wait, Who's Timothy McVeigh"? A Translation Review of Facebook and YouTube Content Moderation Policies in Amharic, Arabic, Bengali, and Hindi
Localization Lab; Internews (2022), 54 pp.
"The report documents the quality and usability of Facebook and YouTube content moderation policies in four languages. It found that the translations of Facebook and YouTube's content moderation policies in these languages are far below a standard that would be considered acceptable by the average u
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Terrorist Content Analytics Platform. Year One: 1 December 2020 - 30 November 2021. Transparency Report
Tech Against Terrorism (2022), 33 pp.
"In November 2020, with support from Public Safety Canada, Tech Against Terrorism launched the Terrorist Content Analytics Platform (TCAP). The world’s largest database of verified terrorist content, collected in real time from verified terrorist channels on messaging platforms and apps, the TCAP
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Social Media and the Information War in the Balkans
Brussels: Balkan Free Media Initiative (BFMI) (2022), 52 pp.
"This report examines the destabilizing effects of social media in two key places in the Balkans: Serbia and Republika Srpska, the majority Serb entity of Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH). The leaders of both – President Aleksandar Vucic in Serbia and President Milorad Dodik in Republika Srpska – ar
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