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Global Cybersecurity Index 2024

Geneva: ITU, 5th ed. (2024), viii, 139 pp.

"The fifth edition of the Global Cybersecurity Index (GCI) measures the commitment of countries to cybersecurity in the context of measures across the following five pillars: legal; technical; organizational; capacity development; cooperation. The GCI, launched in 2015 by the International Telecommu ... more

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AI Ready – Analysis Towards a Standardized Readiness Framework

Geneva: ITU (2024), vi, 55 pp.

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Measuring Digital Development. Facts and Figures: Focus on Small Island Developing States
Deep Insights

Geneva: ITU (2024), v, 33 pp.

"In this special edition of ITU's Facts and Figures series, we explore the impressive progress and ongoing obstacles Small Island Developing States (SIDS) encounter amid the digital revolution. On the occasion of the fourth International Conference on Small Island Developing States (SIDS4), our goal ... more

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Digital Agriculture: A Standards Snapshot

ITU-FAO Focus Group on AI and IoT for Digital Agriculture

Geneva: ITU (2024), xi, 14 pp.

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Collaborative digital regulation country review: South Africa’s digital transformation and collaborative regulation

Janet Hernandez, Jeff Bernstein

Geneva: ITU (2024), vii, 43 pp.

"As South Africa adopts reforms to further strengthen its economy across multiple sectors, this country review presents the policy, legislative, and governance frameworks that are enabling South Africa’s digital transformation. It includes a review of key institutions and collaborative digital reg ... more

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Disaster Management: The Standards Perspective

ITU-WMO-UNEP Focus Group on AI for Natural Disaster Management

Geneva: ITU (2024), viii, 14 pp.

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United Nations Activities on Artificial Intelligence (AI) 2023

Geneva: ITU (2024), xviii, 366 pp.

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Detecting deepfakes and generative AI: Report on standards for AI watermarking and multimedia authenticity workshop. The need for standards collaboration on AI and multimedia authenticity

Geneva: ITU (2024), vi, 21 pp.

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Telecommunication networks and infrastructure resilience assessment in Haiti

Gregory Domond

Geneva: ITU (2024), xii, 96 pp.

[.] the report examines three pivotal areas of assessment. First, there was an evaluation of the damage to Haiti’s networks and infrastructure after the 2021 earthquake, along with the restoration of telecommunication services. Second, the assessment focused on Haiti’s country-level resilience, ... more

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AI and the Environment: International Standards for AI and the Environment

Geneva: ITU (2024), vi, 43 pp.

"International standards provide the guidelines and benchmarks needed to measure and improve the environmental impact of AI. Codifying established best practices, standards help mitigate risks such as high energy consumption and lifecycle emissions. They also provide measurement methodologies to ass ... more

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The State of Broadband 2024: Leveraging AI for Universal Connectivity. Part One

Geneva: ITU; Broadband Commission for Sustainable Development (2024), iv, 57 pp.

"The Broadband Commission for Sustainable Development welcomes stakeholders and partners to work on achieving universal and meaningful connectivity by 2030, to ensure not just connectivity, but also that those who are connected have the skills and knowledge to use it. Five considerations for the roa ... more

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Digital Skills Toolkit

Chris Coward, Charles Bugre

Geneva: ITU (2024), vi, 49 pp.

"The Digital Skills Toolkit is a guide for governments to develop national digital skills strategies. The aim is to provide governments with step-by-step guidelines and multiple examples that cover a wide range of contexts to draw upon from around the world. The toolkit is for all countries - those ... more

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Transformative Connectivity: Trends in Satellite Innovation

Geneva: ITU (2024), 8 pp.

"Satellite technology represents a transformative solution to global connectivity challenges, particularly in developing countries and in rural and remote regions. By expanding connectivity in these historically underserved areas, satellite networks are bridging the digital divide and driving sustai ... more

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Identifying and scaling AI startups for SDGs: ITU AI for Good Innovation Factory 2020-2024 Activities Report

Geneva: ITU (2024), vi, 42 pp.

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AI for Good-Innovate for Impact. Final Report

Geneva: ITU (2024), xiv, 213 pp.

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Measuring the Emissions & Energy Footprint of the ICT Sector: Implications for Climate Action

Washington, DC; Geneva: World Bank; ITU (2024), vi, 45 pp.

"The objective of this report is two-fold. First, the report breaks down the energy and emissions profile of the sector and assesses the 30 highest emitting countries for telecommunications while providing global estimates for other ICT sector segments. The report uses a key framework for categorizi ... more

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The Global E-Waste Monitor 2024
Deep Insights

Cornelis P. Baldé, Ruediger Kuehr, Tales Yamamoto, Rosie McDonald, Elena D’Angelo et al.

Bonn; Geneva: United Nations Institute for Training and Research (UNITAR); ITU (2024), 148 pp.

In 2022, a record 62 billion kg of e-waste was generated globally (equivalent to an average of 7.8 kg per capita per year); 22.3 per cent of this e-waste mass was documented as formally collected and recycled in an environmentally sound manner. In 2010, the world generated 34 billion kg of e-waste, ... an amount that has since increased annually by an average of 2.3 billion kg. The documented formal collection and recycling rate has increased as well, growing from 8 billion kg in 2010 at an average rate of 0.5 billion kg per year to 13.8 billion kg in 2022. The rise in e-waste generation is therefore outpacing the rise in formal recycling by a factor of almost 5 - driven by technological progress, higher consumption, limited repair options, short product lifecycles, growing electronification and inadequate e-waste management infrastructure - and has thus outstripped the rise in formal and environmentally sound collection and recycling. The e-waste generated in 2022 contained 31 billion kg of metals, 17 billion kg of plastics and 14 billion kg of other materials (minerals, glass, composite materials, etc.) An estimated 19 billion kg of e-waste, mainly from metals like iron which is present in high quantities and has high recycling rates in almost all e-waste management routes, were turned into secondary resources. Platinum-group metals and precious metals were among the most valuable metals but present in much lower quantities; nonetheless, an estimated 300 thousand kg were turned into secondary resources through formal and informal recycling practices. The share of patent applications for e-waste management rose from 148 per million in 2010 to 787 per million in 2022. Most of those applications were related to technologies for cable recycling, with hardly any signs of an increase in the number of patents filed for technologies related to critical raw materials recovery. Although rare earth elements have unique properties that are crucial for future technologies, including renewable energy generation and e-mobility, the world remains stunningly dependent on the production chains of a few countries. The recycling of such elements remains economically challenging, even in the case of devices with a higher content. Consequently, recycling activities are taking only around 1 per cent of the current demand for the recycling of rare earth elements. The market price for rare earth elements is still too low to support larger-scale commercial recycling operations." (Executive summary, pages 12-13) more

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Challenges and opportunities for using universal service funds to bridge the digital divide

Geneva: ITU (2024), 10 pp.

"This document presents the joint interim (annual) deliverable for Question 4/1, “Economic aspects of national telecommunications/ICTs”, and Question 5/1, “Telecommunications/ICTs for rural and remote areas”. It concerns the challenges and opportunities associated with using universal servic ... more

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AI for Good: Impact Report

Geneva: ITU (2024), viii, 80 pp.

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Handbook on Small Satellites

Ali R. Ebadi et al.

Geneva: ITU, 2023 edition (2023), viii, 200 pp.

"In the field of small satellites, the technical and capital barriers to entry are often low, and small satellite development can be more affordable and rapid for various entities (start-ups, universities, research institutions, etc.) due to their lower cost, simpler design, flexible launching requi ... rements and modular payload configurations. The development of small satellites is an evolution in the overall satellite industry, which provides opportunities for greater and easier access to, and use of, space services by all countries. Governments and private enterprises are developing small satellite projects to promote not only the traditional satellite applications in data communications, Earth exploration, space research, monitoring of ground environment including climate change and global warming, space environment monitoring, satellite navigation and positioning, education, agriculture, forestry, disaster recovery, scientific experiments, testing innovative technologies, national defence, but also the development of multi-satellite fleets (constellation) for the satellite internet access, and further enabling integration with 5G, the Internet of Things (IoT), smart cities, business intelligence and many other areas in completing various difficult tasks in space. The vast range of possible diverse applications stems from a number of small satellite characteristics that can be summarised as follows: rapid build/launch cycle; affordable projects with low capital investment and operating costs; modular and standardized design (e.g. CubeSats standard); lower latency due to lower orbits; seamless coverage to all areas of the world when used in constellations; easy to expand, update, renew, augment and replenish the satellite fleet. In recent years, small satellites have been steadily launched, which gradually proved the feasibility of small satellite constellations. The small satellite industry has seen an incredible surge in the number of small satellites launched over the last few years. Small satellites with advanced technology, artificial intelligence (AI), and machine learning in the future are likely to bring new features to the field of satellite communications [...] Based on the above reflections and observations, the purposes of this Handbook on Small Satellites are as follows: to extend international cooperation among all ITU Member States, entities and organizations for the development and rational use of small satellites; to promote the adoption of small satellite technologies on a worldwide basis while striving to meet in a rational, equitable, effective, efficient, economic, and timely way of use of radiofrequency spectrum and satellite-orbit resources; to provide a detailed guidance on the regulatory environment and procedures, specifically the application of the Radio Regulations, for administrations, small satellite operators and service providers in the study/research, design, launch and application of small satellites; to promote and to offer technical assistance to developing countries, enterprises and individuals in the field of small satellite utilization; to help administrations/new entrants with information on the relevant space services with allocated radio-frequency spectrum, characterization and description of small satellites, characteristics of space and Earth segments, types of missions, space object registration, launch considerations, as well as space debris mitigation; to raise international awareness on current practices and applications with key drivers, restraints, challenges, and opportunities; to ensure interference-free operations of small satellite systems by implementing the Radio Regulations and regional agreements, as well as updating the system in an efficient and timely manner through the processes of world and regional information sharing and cooperation; to provide a reference tool for satellite operators and service providers interested in operating or utilizing such satellites, as well as national regulators to manage the small satellite applications." (Introduction, pages 1-2) more

Measuring Digital Development. Facts and Figures: Focus on Small Island Developing States Deep Insights

The Global E-Waste Monitor 2024 Deep Insights

Measuring Digital Development. Facts and Figures: Focus on Small Island Developing States
Deep Insights

The Global E-Waste Monitor 2024
Deep Insights