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Still Not Fully Protected: Rights to Freedom of Expression and Information Under Angola's New Press Law

New York: Human Rights Watch (2006), 24 pp.

"On February 2, 2006, Angola’s National Assembly approved a new press law, which entered into force on May 15. The law regulates the activity of media companies and professionals in television and radio broadcasting and in the written and electronic press. This report analyses the new law in the c ... ontext of international human rights standards. Given the Government of Angola’s poor record in protecting freedom of expression, the press law is especially crucial in the current pre-election period in Angola to ensure that the press can report freely in the run-up to national elections, tentatively scheduled for 2007. The new legislation represents an improvement over Angola’s previous press law in many respects. Key improvements include the elimination of the state monopoly over TV broadcasting; the creation of public TV and radio that are to be governed by principles of public interest (such as ensuring the plurality of opinions, providing accurate and impartial information that is widely accessible and providing politically balanced information during election periods), and provisions that allow a journalist accused of defamation to cite the truthfulness of the facts reported in his or her defense in cases involving Angola’s president. While Human Rights Watch welcomes the Government of Angola’s reform of its media law, it is concerned that the new law still contains elements that fall short of international human rights standards. The law defines certain conduct as “criminal” in unclear and sweeping terms and establishes excessive penalties for those crimes, including defamation; it includes provisions that may result in excessive limitations on press freedom; and it provides for the establishment of licensing procedures for private TV and radio broadcasters that are largely subject to the discretion of governmental bodies. The Angolan government should amend those provisions of the press law that are not in accordance with international and regional human rights standards, most urgently those criminalizing defamation. In addition, too many key principles and procedures of the law are left for further implementing laws and regulations and no transitional arrangements are defined to address problems that may arise in the application of the law pending adoption of the implementing legislation. The lack of such laws and regulations makes several provisions of the new press law largely inoperable." (Summary) more

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False Freedom: Online Censorship in the Middle East and North Africa

Elijah Zarwan et al.

New York: Human Rights Watch (2005), 144 pp.

"This report examines Internet trends and policies in the Middle East and North Africa region as they affect freedom of expression, focusing particularly on Egypt, Iran, Syria, and Tunisia. Human Rights Watch selected these four countries for closer scrutiny as much for their differences as for thei ... more

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"Leave None to Tell the Story": Genocide in Rwanda

Alison Des Forges

New York et al.: Human Rights Watch (1999), 525 pp.