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Challenges for Independent News Media in Pakistan
Washington, DC: Center for International Media Assistance (CIMA) (2012), 47 pp.
"For two years running, Pakistan has been ranked by international media monitors as the most dangerous place on earth for journalists. Media workers have been kidnapped, tortured, and beaten to death for delving into the nation’s potent military apparatus and spy agencies. Bodies have been found w
...
The Video Revolution
Washington, DC: Center for International Media Assistance (CIMA) (2012), 43 pp.
"Citizen journalists across the globe are using blogs, Twitter, Facebook, YouTube, and other new tools to spread articles, blog posts, videos, and photos of news happening in their countries. The new video journalists use these broader tools as well, taking full advantage of social media to share th
...
Covering Elections: The Challenges of Training the Watchdogs
Washington, DC: Center for International Media Assistance (CIMA) (2012), 36 pp.
"Covering elections is not just coverage of one “grand event,” and training must reflect that. Short-term training just in advance of election day has been mostly discounted as ineffective. More must be done to cast elections as part of a critical on-going political process and to equip journali
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Bigger Cities, Smaller Screens: Urbanization, Mobile Phones, and Digital Media Trends in Africa
Washington, DC: Center for International Media Assistance (CIMA) (2012), 36 pp.
"As Africa becomes increasingly urban, the reach and use of mobile telephones and other portable digital devices inevitably are becoming a mass medium. This shift creates new opportunities for existing broadcasters and publishers. And it creates new opportunities for a much larger number of new inde
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Dangerous Work: Violence Against Mexico’s Journalists and Lessons from Colombia
Washington, DC: Center for International Media Assistance (CIMA) (2012), 32 pp.
"Turning the tide on the killing of journalists involves several steps, but primarily it is a matter of having the political will to acknowledge the issue as important and ending the impunity for those responsible for the violence. These steps include: following through on making attacks on the medi
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Empowering Independent Media: U.S. Efforts to Foster a Free Press and an Open Internet Around the World
Deep Insights
Washington, DC: Center for International Media Assistance (CIMA), 2nd ed. (2012), 149 pp.
"This report examines seven central areas of media development—funding, digital media, sustainability, media law, journalists' safety, journalism education, and monitoring and evaluation. It also delves in-depth into four areas deserving of greater attention: citizen journalism, investigative jour
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An Explosion of News: The State of Media in Afghanistan
Washington, DC: Center for International Media Assistance (CIMA) (2012), 56 pp.
"The exponential media growth in Afghanistan over the last decade is due to the enthusiasm of Afghan entrepreneurs and to support from the United States and other nations, states this report. According to the executive summary "support from the United States, the biggest donor, has waxed and waned.
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The Medium Versus the Message: U.S. Government Funding for Media in an Age of Disruption
Washington, DC: Center for International Media Assistance (CIMA) (2012), 28 pp.
"The new priorities include: 1. Expanding the access in developing countries to digital platforms. 2. Devising and promoting uses for new platforms (especially mobile) for functions that occupy a new, poorly defined space between traditional journalism and other modes of information. 3. Contesting o
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A Pilot Study for GFMD’s Media Development Toolkit: Testing Standards, Strengthening Professionalism. An Assessment of Ghana’s Media Landscape
Washington, DC: Center for International Media Assistance (CIMA); IREX; Global Forum for Media Development (GFMD) (2012), 49 pp.
"The study did not aim to carry out new surveys or collect information that was not already publicly available. Since the toolkit is aimed at providing media development organizations with a tool to assess media landscapes without having to carry out extensive new research, the Ghana study worked on
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Making Media Development More Effective
Washington, DC: Center for International Media Assistance (CIMA) (2012), 42 pp.
"Despite years of stock taking, donors to media development still have a number of blind spots that prevent their interventions from being more effective. In particular, media development stakeholders could improve their efforts by applying aid effectiveness principles to their practice. When examin
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Calling the Shots: How Ownership Structures Affect the Independence of News Media
Washington, DC: Center for International Media Assistance (CIMA) (2012), 35 pp.
"At an international level, the media development community should advocate for standards governing media cross-ownership limitations, best practices in media licensing, and the licensing of the broadcast spectrum. States should adopt net neutrality and support increased uncensored access to social
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Confronting the News: The State of Independent Media in Latin America
Washington, DC: Center for International Media Assistance (CIMA) (2011), 38 pp.
"Over time the governments of Nicaragua, Venezuela, Bolivia, and Ecuador have shown a growing willingness to shrug off even the harshest criticism from usually friendly forums such as the OAS and UNESCO. As the media is forced into silence and the independence of the judiciary is weakened, there are
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Matching the Market and the Model: The Business of Independent News Media
Washington, DC: Center for International Media Assistance (CIMA) (2011), 34 pp.
"According to this paper, many media businesses lack management skills and experience in developing effective business models. "Compounding this is a lack of media development assistance targeted to media managers, the expansion of economic constraints on media businesses, and a lack of access to in
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Media and the Law: An Overview of Legal Issues and Challenges
Washington, DC: Center for International Media Assistance (CIMA) (2011), 26 pp.
"This report provides an overview of the different kinds of laws that affect the media and explains how they are used in many countries to influence the operations of news outlets and the information they offer. It focuses on restrictive laws more than on those of the enabling and empowering variety
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Independent Media in Exile
Deep Insights
Washington, DC: Center for International Media Assistance (CIMA) (2011), 43 pp.
"This report offers four recommendations for addressing some of the complex challenges of independent media in exile: donor groups should expand and formalize coordination of their exile-media support [...]; organizations providing international media training should actively seek to train exile-med
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Media Codes of Ethics: The Difficulty of Defining Standards
Washington, DC: Center for International Media Assistance (CIMA) (2011), 48 pp.
Voices from Villages: Community Radio in the Developing World
Washington, DC: Center for International Media Assistance (CIMA) (2011), 52 pp.
"Since the 1990s community radio has mushroomed throughout the developing world. In fact it has grown faster than either state or commercial radio. Across Africa, community radio grew, on average, by a significant 1,386 percent between 2000 and 2006. Asia and Latin America have also seen remarkable
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Social Media in the Arab World: Leading Up to the Uprisings of 2011
Washington, DC: Center for International Media Assistance (CIMA) (2011), 39 pp.
"Key Findings: About 17 million people in the Arab region are using Facebook, available in Arabic, with 5 million in Egypt alone, and demand is expected to grow on micro-blogging sites. Twitter announced it will launch its Arabic interface in 2011; Arab governments are developing, at varying rates,
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