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Media focus
9277
2537
1697
1336
697
238
235
114
42
28
Publication Years
4394
5626
2694
842
415
198
1289
141
18
1
Methods applied
522
487
418
325
197
82
62
49
27
14
14
11
7
6
5
5
5
4
3
2
1
Journals
272
183
128
94
93
79
73
69
69
67
67
63
60
45
39
39
37
36
36
34
34
32
31
30
25
25
25
23
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2
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1
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Output Type
7682
3373
3323
630
220
181
130
71
Alternative and Citizen Journalism
"This chapter examines journalism that is produced not by professionals but by those outside mainstream media organizations. Amateur media producers typically have little or no training or professional qualifi cations as journalists; they write and report from their position as citizens, as members
...
of communities, as activists, as fans. This chapter will show how key writers in the subject area have understood the activities of these amateur journalists. The chapter places these activities in three categories: social movement media and citizens’ media; local alternative journalism; fanzines and blogs. It examines the major studies to show how different theoretical and ideological perspectives have infl uenced the nature of those studies." (Abstract)
more
'The Pathology of Media Intervention in Iraq 2003-2008: The US Attempt to Restructure Iraqi Media Law and Content
International Journal of Contemporary Iraqi Studies, volume 3, issue 1 (2009), pp. 27-52
"This study analyzes US attempts to remake the Iraqi mediascape, its law and content between 2003 and 2008. It concludes that post-invasion media development was so poorly structured and implemented that it was doomed from the start. This is true despite and because of the millions of dollars spent
...
by and on private US contractors, and despite the involvement of several countries, international human rights agencies, and private publications from across the US political spectrum. The main culprits remain the lack of oversight regarding the millions the United States has spent attempting to privatize Iraqi media development, and the failure of the Bush administration to include independent-minded Iraqi and Arab professionals in its post-invasion media reconstruction project, or to learn from the long struggles of Arab journalists with their respective governments." (Abstract)
more
The Philippine President as Tortfeasor-in-Chief: Establishing Civil Liability for Constitutional Negligence
Asian Journal of Comparative Law, volume 4 (2009), pp. 1-54
"This article analyzes the liability of the Philippine President for the tort of constitutional negligence in relation to the murders and forced disappearances of leftists, journalists, and other dissidents. It uses the international law doctrine of command responsibility as a form of attribution th
...
at may be used, by analogy, to hold the President accountable for a culture of impunity. The article describes the role of the President as the regulator of a human rights-conducive information ecology and argues that massive human rights violations meant to silence dissidents are a source of liability for which a class action suit is an available remedy. Finally, it looks at the concept of presidential immunity from suit from a comparative perspective and argues that the continued application of restrictive immunity rules established during the American colonial era is misplaced considering the universalist design of the present Philippine Constitution and developments in immunity jurisprudence in the United States." (Abstract)
more
Building Commitment to Reform Through Strategic Communication: The Five Key Decisions
Key Guides
Washington, DC: World Bank (2009), xiii, 133 pp.
"The Five Communication Management Decision Tool helps reformers and their teams develop a framework for their communication strategies. This decision tool helps managers see change initiatives through the eyes of those who will be affected by the reforms. When the decision tool is used in the early
...
stages of the development of change programs, reformers gain an even deeper understanding of the stakeholders’ perspectives on the reforms, which influences stakeholder opposition or support for them. Such understanding will not only be instructive, but possibly transformative—for both change agents and those stakeholders whose support is critical to the success of reform. Reform agents may recognize the source of stakeholder resistance and be able to revise reform goals and redesign change interventions. Stakeholders who have a shared understanding of why the status quo is not acceptable and change is necessary are more likely to create coalitions of committed allies and supporters who will work together to achieve reform goals. This workbook illustrates how the decision tool can be used for various types of change and reform initiatives—from policy reform, to country and donor partnership agreements, to sectoral reforms." (Back cover)
more
Journalismuswelten: Ein Vergleich von Journalismuskulturen in 17 Ländern
Medien & Kommunikationswissenschaft, volume 57, issue 4 (2009), pp. 464-483
"Der vorliegende Aufsatz berichtet erste deskriptive Befunde aus einer multinationalen Studie zum Vergleich von Journalismuskulturen. Im Rahmen des Projekts wurden insgesamt 1700 Journalisten in 17 Ländern zu ihren professionellen Orientierungen befragt. Im Vordergrund standen Fragen nach dem Verst
...
ändnis der eigenen gesellschaftlichen Rolle, den erkenntnistheoretischen Grundlagen und ethischen Imperativen im Journalismus. Im Ländervergleich zeigt sich dabei, dass jene Rollenmodelle, die durch Distanz und Nichtinvolviertheit gekennzeichnet sind, durchaus zu den weltweit akzeptierten journalistischen Standards zählen. Darüber hinaus ist den Journalisten global relativ übereinstimmend die Verlässlichkeit und Faktizität von Informationen sowie das strikte Einhalten von Unparteilichkeit bzw. Neutralität sehr wichtig. Umstritten sind hingegen interventionistische Aspekte der Berufsausübung, wobei sich die größten Differenzen zwischen den entwickelten Staaten des Westens und Transformationsgesellschaften zeigen. Große Länderunterschiede lassen sich auch bezüglich der Rolle von Subjektivität sowie der Vermischung von Fakten und Meinung feststellen." (Abstract)
more
Radio, Journaux & Co.: Instruments De Paix. Expériences De Terrain, 2002 à 2008
Neuwied: Eirene (2009), 51 pp.
"Digital communications technology does many new things. Its spread means that it is no longer a case of a tiny minority of professionals and politicians having a monopoly on mass communication. Implicit in the observations of this report, is the recognition that - amongst other things - digitisatio
...
n also disrupts old boundaries between inter-personal and mass communication. What used to be the subject of, or product of, communication between a few individuals, can increasingly be put into the public sphere. Much of this content remains personal in quality, despite it being public in availability. But there is also much that is of public interest. In some ways, this therefore threatens those institutions supposed to be specialising in public interest information. In other ways, it can help them not only reinforce this mission, but to also take a step towards expanding their role into becoming wider public interest content and commun-ications agencies. They can, in short, be the motive force that pulls personal conversations into focussing on journalism that is of common public interest. That image of leading the transformation of mass communication is, however, just one of the scenarios outlined in this report. The others point to lesser roles, even including extinction. It should be noted that scenarios are not predictions of the future, but attempts to highlight a range of possible options. They help guide action in one or other direction. The complication is that digitisation and all that comes with it can deal a surprise to even the best-considered scenario possibilities. Who would have thought that a search engine company (Google) could become such an effective player in the advertising arena? Or that newspaper newsrooms would start hiring video-capable staffers, or that some cell-phone companies would move into distributing content? Could anyone have guessed that a company like Twitter could attract and burn millions of dollars of investment without even a proper business plan about how it intends to make money? The digital revolution, if it is to succeed, needs to have top quality cadres in the newsrooms. In the face of these kinds of developments, it is tempting to throw up one’s hands and take a come-what-may approach. That’s preferable to the illusion of controlling and managing the process. At the same time, between these two extremes of paralysis and over-planning, there is a broad direction that can be identified and pursued. We may not know exactly where we are going, but - as this Report seeks to do - we can look at where we are and what’s immediately ahead. More fundamentally, however, there’s worth in remembering from whence we come. In other words, while looking at the present and near-present, and keeping an eye on what future scenarios we can imagine, we can hold onto our values. In the context of public broadcasting, these values are - in a nutshell - to focus mass communications on deepening democracy and development. These public interest values remain all the more valid in a time when the historical informational “service” model is being expanded to also function as a public interest communicational mode. Keeping these ideals aloft helps state-owned broadcasters steer a course between delivering government-interest and commercial-interest content. They help to define the meaning of universal access in the face of financial pressures and socio-economic divides. They empower people to see the big picture and to bring concerted action to bear on it. In sum, they help us reinvent “public service broadcasting” in a fashion appropriate to its contemporary possibilities. Roll on digitisation in Southern Africa - and the transformation of at least some state-owned broadcasters to become leaders in this process." ("Summing up", page 53-54)
more
"The findings of the research reflect two overarching concerns: training content and training delivery. It is a central finding of the research that financial skills are required by the sector. Related to this is the need to encourage professional attitudes, processes, and systems within the sector.
...
It is necessary to manage the business in a professional manner in order to gain the support of the community as well as advertisers. Such support contributes to the sustainability of the business. In terms of delivery, on-site training, mentorships and information exchange are emphasised because of the managers’ time and resource constraints. While accredited, theoretical training is perceived as important and worthwhile, participants emphasised the importance of experiential training. The research concludes with a detailed outline of a new qualification the SPI will be seeking to register which will enable it to make a contribution to the small independent community newspaper sector. The research has encountered one central obstacle. The sector is characterised by competition and lack of resources, thus managers are not able to leave their businesses for extended periods of time, and do not always answer telephone calls or emails that are not an immediate priority." (Executive summary, page 2-3)
more
The Politics of Corruption and the Media in Africa
Journal of African Media Studies, volume 1, issue 1 (2009), pp. 155-171
"This paper explores the linkages between debates about corruption and the role of the media in Africa. It advances arguments about how citizens in Africa encounter corruption – both grand and petty – and how they perceive it, as well as factors that may contribute to the development of corrupt
...
practices. These reflections are then linked to a discussion of how the press in Africa deals with corruption and whether the media may serve as a strong deterrent in combating this form of criminal behaviour." (Abstract)
more
The Role of Media Literacy in the Governance Reform Agenda
Washington, DC: World Bank, Communication for Governance and Accountability Program (CommGAP) (2009), 12 pp.
"To navigate a complex and an ever-evolving media landscape, citizens must obtain the critical abilities and necessary communicative skills to participate actively and meaningfully in a democratic public sphere—the space where free and equal citizens come together to discuss and debate current aff
...
airs. Fueled by media literacy, this informed discussion in the public sphere can engage citizens as active stakeholders in governance reforms. This paper argues that media literacy, therefore, plays a crucial role in the governance reform agenda. To assist development practitioners, the paper also makes recommendations for steps to improve governance through media literacy." (Page 3)
more
Electronic dreaming tracks: Indigenous community broadcasting in Australia
Development in Practice, volume 19, issue 4-5 (2009), pp. 516-524
"A wide range of audiences now accesses Indigenous community radio and television across Australia. This article draws from the first-ever audience study of the sector, ‘Community Media Matters’, completed in 2007. It reveals that Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander media offer an essential se
...
rvice to communities and play a central organising role in community life. Although previous studies into the Australian Indigenous media sector have suggested this, it is the first time that audiences from the cities to the most remote parts of the continent have had a chance to confirm the importance of locally produced media in their lives. This has revealed new insights into the nature of the relationship between audiences and the producers of Indigenous community radio and television." (Abstract)
more
Moral Reasoning for Journalists
Westport, Conn.; London: Praeger, 2nd ed. (2009), xv, 243 pp.
Development Journalism
Grassroots Radio and the Episteme of Development: The NGO-ization of Community Radio in Nepal
Ottawa: Carleton University, School of Journalism and Communication, Master Thesis (2009), iv, 146 pp.
"Nepal's community radio sector has flourished since it liberalized the airwaves for the first time in 1997. Drawing on an established tradition in other areas of the developing world, Nepal embraced community radio for its potential to overcome propagandistic and exclusive national media systems, t
...
o bring news and information to remote areas, and to educate people about human rights, equality, health, family planning and sustainable agricultural practices. This thesis has two major objectives: first, to explore how marginalized social groups use radio as a tool of empowerment. It focuses upon the case of Radio Jagaran, a community-based radio station in Butwal, Nepal that uses participatory media to advocate for social justice on behalf of those who are otherwise excluded and discriminated against. Second, it problematizes the ways in which the funding requirements established by the international NGO donor community appear to be re-focusing the programming agendas of grassroots media organizations such as Radio Jagaran. It attempts to highlight the potential implications of donor-led community media projects by drawing attention to the ways 'truths' and 'realities' of poverty, human rights violations and related issues are constructed by CR stations through negotiating what they perceive to be INGO priorities and objectives." (Abstract)
more
Para fazer rádio comunitária com “C” maiúsculo
Porto Alegre: Revolução de Idéias (2009), 80 pp.