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Media focus
9277
2537
1697
1336
697
238
235
114
42
28
Publication Years
4394
5626
2694
842
415
198
1289
141
18
1
Methods applied
522
487
418
325
197
82
62
49
27
14
14
11
7
6
5
5
5
4
3
2
1
Journals
272
183
128
94
93
79
73
69
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67
63
60
45
39
39
37
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2
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Output Type
7682
3373
3323
630
220
181
130
71
African Media Barometer: Zambia 2011
Windhoek; Lusaka: Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung (FES) (2011), 72 pp.
Asian Media Barometer: The Philippines 2011
Berlin; Manila: Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung (FES) (2011), 104 pp.
The Disintegration of the State Model in the English Speaking Caribbean: Restructuring and Redefining Public Service Broadcasting
International Communication Gazette, volume 73, issue 7 (2011), pp. 553-572
"Public service broadcasting evolved in the small states of the English speaking Caribbean as state broadcasting. As such, state broadcasting has been forced to change to compete with private broadcasters, cable, satellite and the internet. This article assesses the paradigm shift in public service
...
broadcasting within the former British colonies of the Caribbean, with particular emphasis on Jamaica, the Bahamas, Barbados, and Trinidad and Tobago. Then the article discusses the changes in state broadcasting in the Caribbean region in recent decades in relation to market sector, audiences and digital technology. This is followed by a discussion on the policy directions, programming and mission of newly minted public service broadcasting (PSB) in the English speaking Caribbean with questions of the future of PSB in these small states." (Abstract)
more
Pacific Media Freedom 2011: A Status Report
Pacific Journalism Review, volume 17, issue 2 (2011), pp. 148-186
Confronting the News: The State of Independent Media in Latin America
Washington, DC: Center for International Media Assistance (CIMA) (2011), 38 pp.
"Over time the governments of Nicaragua, Venezuela, Bolivia, and Ecuador have shown a growing willingness to shrug off even the harshest criticism from usually friendly forums such as the OAS and UNESCO. As the media is forced into silence and the independence of the judiciary is weakened, there are
...
fewer and fewer options to induce these governments to change their behavior [...] Despite the seeming indifference of the leaders of the Bolivarian states to how their record on press freedom is perceived internationally, it is worth noting that the governments still respond to criticism, particularly if it does not come from the United States. One of the most effective tools remains sensitivity to the perceptions of Latin American colleagues and European leaders." (Conclusions, page 29)
more
Piratages audiovisuels: Les voies souterraines de la mondialisation culturelle
Brussels: De Boeck (2011), 304 pp.
Souvent considéré comme une activité des plus nuisibles, le piratage des contenus audiovisuels n’en constitue pas moins, depuis des décennies, pour de nombreuses populations aux quatre coins du monde, un moyen majeur d’accéder aux produits des industries culturelles. Nourri d’enquêtes de
...
terrain, cet ouvrage explore les enjeux que recèle ce phénomène complexe. Le point de vue adopté est multiple et international. Alors que le piratage est généralement pensé exclusivement à partir de la question du téléchargement sans paiement des droits en Amérique du Nord ou en Europe occidentale, il est ici appréhendé dans toute la variété de ses manifestations, en privilégiant les pays du Sud et de l’Est : des marchands de CDs et DVDs contrefaits de Bogotá ou Alger, jusqu’aux politiques de défense des droits de propriété artistique de Washington ou Séoul, en passant par les pratiques des adeptes moscovites des réseaux peer-to-peer.
more
Venezuela: Law on Social Responsibility of Radio, Television and Electronic Media
London: Article 19 (2011), 41 pp.
"The Law, published on 22 December 2010, is an amendment to the 2004 Law on Social Responsibility on Radio and Television. The 2010 amended Law extends the power of the state to control electronic media in the same way as traditional broadcasting. The Law aims at “establishing social responsibilit
...
y” for all participants and “to set a balance between their duties, liberties and rights”. While these purposes are recognised as legitimate by international law, ARTICLE 19 is concerned by four aspects of the law. Firstly, the Law includes no safeguards against disproportionate and arbitrary restrictions on freedom of expression. In particular, there is no requirement for restrictions to meet the three-party test established by international law. In light of the severity of the provided sanctions, and the unnecessarily intrusive nature of certain restrictions, such an omission has troubling implications for freedom of expression. Secondly, the Law fails to secure the independence of the broadcast regulators. While several regulatory bodies are established to implement the law, all are either part of the government or controlled by the government. This contradicts international standards and further exposes media regulators to arbitrary and politically-motivated decisions. Thirdly, the Law contains some unclear prohibitions – with sanctions in place for “[encouraging] anxiety amount citizenry”, or “[disregarding] legitimate authorities” - which risk being used arbitrarily to place broadcast media under political control and to limit media pluralism. Finally, the Law contains broad provisions for state control over the internet, with electronic media being regulated in the same way as traditional broadcasting. Such an approach to Internet regulation impedes both the right to freedom of expression and the right to privacy." (Executive summary)
more
People, Politics and Change: Building Communication Capacity for Governance Reform
Key Guides
Washington, DC: World Bank (2011), viii, 465 pp.
"This is an applied facilitator’s guide for reform managers, change agents, development practitioners, and training professionals who need to use smart communication techniques—the relevant concepts, frameworks and applications—to promote change through governance reform. It is grounded on the
...
expert knowledge and practical research from academics and scholars and practitioners in the field, culled and enriched from CommGAP’s series of global dialogue on key governance issues." (Back cover)
more
De-Westernizing Communication Research: Altering Questions and Changing Frameworks
London et al.: Routledge (2011), 288 pp.
"The rise of postmodern theories and pluralist thinking has paved the way for multicultural approaches to communication studies and now is the time for decentralization, de-Westernization, and differentiation. This trend is reflected in the increasing number of communication journals with a national
...
or regional focus. Alongside this proliferation of research output from outside of the mainstream West, there is a growing discontent with communication theories being "Westerncentric". Compared with earlier works that questioned the need to distinguish between the Western and the non-Western, and to build "Asian" communication theories, there seems to be greater assertiveness and determination in searching for and developing theoretical frameworks and paradigms that take consideration of, and therefore are more relevant to, the cultural context in which research is accomplished. This path-breaking book moves beyond critiquing "Westerncentrism" in media and communication studies by examining where Eurocentrism has come from, how is it reflected in the study of media and communication, what the barriers and solutions to de-centralizing the production of theories are, and what is called for in order to establish Asian communication theories." (Publisher description)
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Migration aus Afrika in die EU: Eine Analyse der Berichterstattung in deutschen und senegalesischen Zeitungen
Wiesbaden: VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften (2011), 335 pp.
"Florence Tsagué Assopgoum untersucht aus einem neuen Blickwinkel die Migration von Afrika nach Europa und hinterfragt die Rolle der Medien bei der Deutung dieses Phänomens. Medien spiegeln gesellschaftliche und politische Wirklichkeit wider und beeinflussen gleichzeitig diese Wirklichkeit. Themen
...
wie „Migration aus Afrika“ werden mit großer Aufmerksamkeit unter dem Aspekt der „illegalen Einwanderung“ debattiert und als bedrohlich dargestellt. Die Autorin analysiert Diskurse, die in der Debatte über die Migration aus Afrika in deutschen („Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung“, „Süddeutsche Zeitung“) und senegalesischen („Walfadjri“, „Sud Quotidien“, „Le Soleil“) Zeitungen von 1998 bis 2008 vorherrschen. Methodisch nutzt sie die quantifizierende Inhaltsanalyse und die qualitative Deutungsmusteranalyse zur Untersuchung von Bestimmungsfaktoren, Effekten, Akteuren, Steuerungen, medialen Repräsentationen und Deutungsmustern, die der medialen Thematisierung von Migration aus Afrika zugrunde liegen." (Verlagsbeschreibung)
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New Developments in Central Asian Mass Media Research
Central Asia and the Caucasus, volume 12, issue 4 (2011), pp. 128-143
"This wide range of contemporary mass media research illustrates how Central Asia press outlets remain tightly controlled and manipulated, first under the czars, then under the Soviets, and now under authoritarian regimes. Over the past two decades, the press systems have not achieved even minimal d
...
emocratization and independence by international standards. Perhaps the Internet and other technologies will have a better chance of circumventing censors and the economic obstacles that deny the great mass of Central Asians the ability to participate in a useful dialog leading to more transparent and participatory governance. Several overarching observations emerge from this synthesized examination of recent research. The five separate press systems that replaced the single Soviet system share many commonalities, although significant differences also exist. These studies indicate varying but not decisive degrees of external influences from multi-governmental entities, media-building foundations, and promoters of civil society; such influences on Central Asian media development originate with mostly Western-based journalism and mass media trainers. Another observation concerns regimes’ use and abuse of laws to control information about public affairs and public issues. That pattern evident from several studies reflects a disconnect between constitutional and statutory guarantees of press freedom on one side and actual threats to those guarantees on the other side due to libel and “honor and dignity” suits, criminal prosecutions, and tightening regulation of the Internet. Examined collectively, these studies suggest the following obstacles to democratic and independent media development in Central Asia: strict governmental and extra-governmental restraints on the press, regardless of the type of medium—print, broadcast, or Internet; inadequate professional training, leadership, resources, financial incentives, and ethical standards for journalists and prospective journalists; limitations on the ability of domestic and international press and human rights defenders to compel changes in policies and laws; insufficient market resources to create and sustain independent news organizations; and a resulting lack of credibility and public trust in the press." (Summary and conclusions, page 142)
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Covering and Countering Extremism in Pakistan’s Developing Media
Washington, DC: United States Institute of Peace (USIP) (2011), 3 pp.
"With a rise in terrorist activity spreading fear through highly publicized attacks, Pakistan’s media landscape has increasingly been used as a battleground between those seeking to promote violent conflict and others seeking to manage or deter it. Pakistan’s media community has not yet develope
...
d an adequate or widely accepted strategy for responding to this context of persistent extremism and conflict. The rapid rise of extremist radio stations in the Federally Administered Tribal Areas (FATA) and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KPK) provinces has paralleled an increase in terrorist attacks, facilitated by affordable access to FM radio, loose government regulation of broadcast media and militant control of pockets in KPK and FATA. Negative media attitudes toward the Pakistan-U.S. relationship often reflect national political differences and market incentives for sensationalist coverage. These attitudes can be transformed through changes in the diplomatic relationship between the countries based on open communication rather than institutional media reform." (Abstract)
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Balkan Media Barometer: Bosnia and Herzegowina 2011
Sarajevo: Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung (FES) (2011), 104 pp.
"In September 2011 FES initiated the Balkan Media Barometer (BMB) with Bosnia and Herzegovina serving as a pilot project for South East Europe and the rest of the continent. A panel of experts from BiH discussed and scored a list of 44 indicators based on standards referenced to European documents,
...
most of them drawn up by the Council of Europe. This approach of working on the basis of home-grown principles is meant to give the assessments greater relevance and to allow civil society groups and media activists in the various countries to evaluate and measure up their findings directly against declarations and documents adopted and accepted by their own governments." (Introduction)
more
Believe it or Not: Understanding the Credibility and Effectiveness of Radio Sawa in the UAE
International Communication Gazette, volume 73, issue 4 (2011), pp. 359-371
"As part of an overall strategy to influence public opinion in the Muslim world, the US government implemented two new international broadcasting tools — Radio Sawa and Alhurra (a satellite television network). In the face of declining support of US government policies in the Muslim world, this st
...
udy examines the credibility and effectiveness of Radio Sawa in an attempt to understand its effectiveness as a communication tool. The study explores differences in credibility and other dimensions among the United Arab Emirates (UAE) population; surveying both those who use this new medium and those who do not. Results of the study reveal the effectiveness of the US government in reaching its objectives in the region." (Abstract)
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Interactivity, the Global Conversation and World Service Research: Digital China
Participations: Journal of Audience & Reception Studies, volume 8, issue 1 (2011), pp. 48-74
"This paper examines the relationship between a broadcaster’s research methods and aspects of the environment in which it operates, specifically its accountability to its funders and the growth of interactivity by its users. It is concerned with (1) how the BBC World Service’s funding by the UK
...
government’s Foreign & Commonwealth Office (FCO) means that it has to account for its activities to some extent in terms of the global conversation which it fosters; and (2) how the recent growth of interactive and social media enhances possibilities for worldwide engagement and conversation, but also increases the complexities of measurement. This is because users are dispersed across the globe (they are no longer confined to a geographical area of radio reception) and they are interactive: instead of merely listening or viewing, they talk back to the BBC, and they talk with one another. New tools and techniques are needed to measure these new flows and forms of interaction (and they also beg new professional and organisational practices). In a case study of the BBC’s Chinese service, the paper explores what the BBC knows of its audience or users; and, in a content analysis of online forums, it explores some of the issues and possibilities that arise in researching online interaction, the sort of research data and analysis that might be seen as necessary in the context of organisational accountability and the emerging interactive media environment." (Summary)
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Channels of Resistance in Lebanon: Liberation Propaganda, Hezbollah and the Media
London; New York: Tauris (2011), 279 pp.
"The South Lebanon conflict saw two decades of sustained resistance by the Lebanese to the Israeli occupation. The Lebanese media’s role in achieving liberation over this period is significant, through campaigns conducted to unify the Lebanese people against their foreign occupier and in support o
...
f the Lebanese resistance in South Lebanon. This book investigates the culture and performance of Lebanese journalism in this setting. It is a story about journalism told by a journalist who is also using tools of scholarship and research to narrate her story and the story of her fellow journalists. Zahera Harb is also presenting here an alternative interpretation of propaganda under conditions of foreign occupation and the struggle against that occupation. She identifies the characteristics of ‘liberation propaganda’ through the coverage and experience of the two Lebanese TV stations Tele Liban and Al Manar within the historical, cultural, organisational and religious contexts in which they operated, and how these elements shaped their professional practice and their news values." (Publisher description)
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African Media Barometer: Namibia 2011
Windhoek: Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung (FES) (2011), 68 pp.
News audiences beware! Insights from Darfur
Media Development, volume 58, issue 4 (2011), pp. 32-36
Special Themed Issue: 9/11+10
Global Media and Communication, volume 7, issue 3 (2011), pp. 171-291
Global Report on the Status of Women in the News Media
Washington, DC: International Women's Media Foundation (IWMF) (2011), 393 pp.
"There is abundant evidence of underrepresentation of women as subjects of coverage, but until now there were no reliable, comprehensive data on which to make a clear determination about where women currently fit into the news-making operation or in the decision-making or ownership structure of thei
...
r companies. The IWMF Global Report on the Status of Women in the News Media seeks to fill this gap by presenting for the first time sound data on gender positions in news organizations around the world [...] The findings presented in this report, conducted over a two-year period, offer the most complete picture to date of women’s status globally in news media ownership, publishing, governance, reporting, editing, photojournalism, broadcast production and other media jobs. More than 150 researchers interviewed executives at more than 500 companies in 59 nations using a 12-page questionnaire." (Introduction)
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