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Media focus
9277
2537
1696
1336
697
238
235
114
42
28
Publication Years
4393
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842
415
198
1289
141
18
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Methods applied
522
487
418
325
197
82
62
49
27
14
14
11
7
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1
Journals
272
183
128
94
93
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73
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45
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Output Type
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71
Media Practices and Changing African Socialities: Non-Media-Centric Perspectives
New York; Oxford: Berghahn (2020), 250 pp.
"Deriving from innovative new work by six researchers, this book questions what the new media's role is in contemporary Africa. The chapters are diverse - covering different areas of sociality in different countries - but they unite in their methodological and analytical foundation. The focus is on
...
media-related practices, which require engagement with different perspectives and concerns while situating these in a wider analytical context. The contributions to this collection provide fresh ethnographic descriptions of how new media practices can affect socialities in significant but unpredictable ways." (Publisher description)
more
Peace Journalism for Conflict Reporting: Insights from Pakistan
Journalism Practice, volume 14, issue 1 (2020), pp. 1-16
"This study proposes a classification framework for conflict journalism with respect to its potential for conflict escalation and de-escalation in Pakistan—a country marred by a number of deadly conflicts. While building on the existing literature, the study proposes the varying levels of intensit
...
y of a conflict and the resulting escalatory and de-escalatory coverage as important factors in the process. Through content analysis and focus group discussion, it was found that de-escalatory coverage is inversely proportional to the intensity of a conflict in terms of its perceived threats to national security. Secondly it was found that the coverage was spread across a range of thematic frames though certain perspectives got more prominence as compared to others. Noting the variations in the presence of peace journalism, the study concludes that critical pragmatic approach to peace journalism is better suited to address queries relating to its theory and practice than other approaches because it accommodates the retention of peace as a value and at the same is pragmatic and hence honors the requirements of journalistic profession." (Abstract)
more
Double-Edged Sword? Ghanaians See Pros, Cons of Social Media, Want Access But Not Fake News
Afrobarometer (2020), 12 pp.
"The Afrobarometer survey conducted in late 2019 shows that although radio and television remain the most dominant news sources, daily news consumption via social media (by 22% of Ghanaians) and the Internet (19%) is steadily increasing. Social media is less trusted as a source of information – on
...
ly 39% of Ghanaians say they trust it “somewhat” or “a lot” – than private and public media (55% each) and government sources (54%). Close to eight in 10 Ghanaians (78%) say politicians and political parties spread information that they know is false. But smaller majorities also blame government officials, journalists, social media users, and activists and interest groups. Although an overwhelming majority (92%) of Ghanaians who have heard of social media think social media usage makes people more aware of current happenings, almost as many (86%) say it makes people more likely to believe fake news. One-third (32%) of Ghanaians support government regulation of access to the Internet and social media, but close to half (48%) prefer unrestricted access. Large majorities of Ghanaians “agree” or “strongly agree” that the government should be able to limit or prohibit the sharing of false news (77%), hate speech (69%), and news and opinions that criticize or insult the president (57%). Close to half (48%) also say the government should be able to limit the spread of information it disapproves of." (Key findings, page 2)
more
Pablo Escobar and Colombian Narcoculture
Gainesville: University of Florida Press (2020), x, 293 pp.
"In the years since his death in 1993, Colombian drug lord Pablo Escobar has become a globally recognized symbol of crime, wealth, power, and masculinity. In this long-overdue exploration of Escobars impact on popular culture, Aldona Bialowas Pobutsky shows how his legacy inspired the development of
...
narcocultura— television, music, literature, and fashion representing the drug-trafficking lifestyle in Colombia and around the world. Pobutsky looks at the ways the “Escobar brand” surfaces in bars, restaurants, and clothing lines; in Colombia’s tourist industry; and in telenovelas, documentaries, and narco memoirs about his life, which in turn have generated popular interest in other drug traffickers such as Griselda Blanco and Miami’s “cocaine cowboys.” Pobutsky illustrates how the Colombian state strives to erase his memory while Escobar’s notoriety only continues to increase in popular culture through the transnational media. She argues that the image of Escobar is inextricably linked to Colombia’s internal tensions in the areas of cocaine politics, gender relations, class divisions, and political corruption and that his “brand” perpetuates the country’s reputation as a center of organized crime, to the dismay of the Colombian people." (Back cover)
more
Journalism in Bangladesh During Corona Pandemic: Media Heroes
Dhaka: South Asia Center for Media in Development (SACMID) (2020), 54 pp.
"In this small book, we have identified 10 heroes from different media channels of the country and documented their stories. Our colleagues took their time and went for in-depth discussion with those media soldiers and transcribed those into pieces of stories. These stories embodied their first-hand
...
experiences, fear, concerns, hope and aspiration. We believe, these stories will be inspirational and a reference for any pandemic journalist in future." (Preface)
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Enabling Media Markets to Work for Democracy: An International Fund for Public Interest Media. Feasibility Study
London: BBC Media Action (2020), 121 pp.
"This study outlines the case for, and the practical feasibility of establishing, a new International Fund for Public Interest Media (IFPIM). Such a Fund would focus mainly on resource-poor settings across the world where the economic and political challenges confronting independent media have becom
...
e overwhelming. The study is principally addressed to international development agencies, technology companies, philanthropic entities and others with an interest in supporting democracy and development in such settings. It argues that an IFPIM would provide an effective, legitimate and efficient way of increasing institutional support to independent media." (Executive summary)
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Situating Open Data: Global Trends in Local Contexts
Cape Town: African Minds (2020), xiii, 243 pp.
"This book provides empirical accounts to understand the situatedness of open data along the following themes: 1) open data practices; 2) the local implementation of global trends; and 3) open data ecosystems. Many chapters in this volume simultaneously address several of these themes. The thematic
...
grouping of chapters is an attempt to foreground salient questions for open data research. In addition, the book covers country-specific, localised applications of open data with a few chapters explicitly focusing on how open government data initiatives unfold within different socio-political contexts. The geographical scope of the contributions spans four continents, providing insights on open data practices in Europe (Kosovo, Belgium, United Kingdom), Africa (Nigeria, Tanzania), Asia (Indonesia, the Philippines), and Latin America (Paraguay, Brazil)." (Introduction, page viii)
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Fake News, Framing, Fact-Checking: Nachrichten im digitalen Zeitalter. Ein Handbuch
Bielefeld: transcript Verlag (2020), 569 pp.
"Digitale Kanäle wie Youtube, Facebook oder Instagram, Künstliche Intelligenz, Fake-News-Vorwürfe und zunehmend fragmentierte Publikumsinteressen haben das Format Nachricht ebenso verändert wie das journalistische Handwerk und die Nachrichtenrezeption. Was bedeutet dieser grundlegende Wandel fü
...
r Medienschaffende, Redaktionen, Sender und Verlage? Wie verändern Daten und Algorithmen journalistisches Arbeiten im Newsroom und mit welchen neuen Angeboten und Darstellungsformen wird experimentiert? Und was tun Redaktionen gegen Vertrauensverluste, Desinformation und Hass-Kommentare? Expertinnen und Experten aus Wissenschaft und Praxis analysieren in diesem Band den Wandel des Nachrichtenjournalismus." (Verlagsbeschreibung)
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Peace Journalism
"Framing effects research has found that news consumers respond to journalists’ framing of a socially important event rather than to the actual event itself. Peace journalism, as a conscious and deliberate act by journalists, can offer significant insights on a hitherto unexplored aspect of framin
...
g theory. Indeed, if framing can be a conscious act involving intent, journalists must then confront the issues of moral accountability, and can no longer seek refuge in the notion that how they cover the news is merely shaped by journalistic routines, social norms, and organizational cultures and constraints that are beyond their control. Tehranian (2002) suggests that the locus of media ethics be expanded from the individual journalist to institutions, nation-states and international communities in order to advance peace journalism. This is a laudable proposal indeed, as more is needed institutionally, be it in the form of infrastructure or sanction, to support ethical journalistic work. But until journalists covering war and conflict are willing to acknowledge and overcome their internal biases and external influences, rethink their over-reliance on objectivity and detachment, and break free of the professional shackles that detract from universal proto-norms of nonviolence and respect for human dignity, peace journalism will always remain a child of its time, never to come of age." (Pages 368-369)
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Public Media Accountability: Media Journalism, Engaged Publics and Critical Media Literacy in the MENA
London: LSE Middle East Centre (2020), 22 pp.
"This study examines the ways in which Arab citizens, as media users, could be enabled to influence news media conduct and thus enhance media practicioners’ commitment toward ethical journalistic practices and standards, particularly accuracy, balance and fairness. It aims to explore the possibili
...
ties of making pan-Arab news media accountable to their publics, refocusing their attention on citizens rather than sponsors and governments. The first section provides an overview of the current state of accountability of the pan-Arab news media with a focus on state-funded broadcasters. Section two looks at the current and emerging media practices and internet-based forms of professional and public accountability in Arab countries. Section three investigates the role of critical media literacy in bolstering the value and effect of current forms of public accountability. Arab media are facing new forms of professional and public accountability and, although in its infancy, critical media literacy is a central factor in fostering and shaping this." (Abstract)
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From Novelty to Normalization? How Journalists Use the Term “Fake News” in their Reporting
Journalism Studies, volume 21, issue 10 (2020), pp. 1323-1343
"During recent years, worries about fake news have been a salient aspect of mediated debates. However, the ubiquitous and fuzzy usage of the term in news reporting has led more and more scholars and other public actors to call for its abandonment in public discourse altogether. Given this status as
...
a controversial but arguably effective buzzword in news coverage, we know surprisingly little about exactly how journalists use the term in their reporting. By means of a quantitative content analysis, this study offers empirical evidence on this question. Using the case of Austria, where discussions around fake news have been ubiquitous during recent years, we analyzed all news articles mentioning the term “fake news” in major daily newspapers between 2015 and 2018 (N = 2,967). We find that journalistic reporting on fake news shifts over time from mainly describing the threat of disinformation online, to a more normalized and broad usage of the term in relation to attacks on legacy news media. Furthermore, news reports increasingly use the term in contexts completely unrelated to disinformation or media attacks. In using the term this way, journalists arguably contribute not only to term salience but also to a questionable normalization process." (Abstract)
more
Report Women! Female Reporters Leadership Programme (FRLP): Impact Assessment Survey Report
Lagos: Wole Soyinka Centre for Investigative Journalism (WSCIJ); Free Press Unlimited (2020), 14 pp.
"Findings from the survey revealed that the Report Women FRLP has achieved its goal exceptionally. It equipped the fellows with knowledge and capability for leadership with evidence of increased visibility for the fellows as leaders in their newsrooms. It opened opportunities for personal and profes
...
sional development and changed news organisations’ perception about female leadership and the representation of the voice of women as leaders in news reports. It accrued over 1,200 direct and indirect beneficiaries. WSCIJ was convinced about the capacity of the Report women programme to be a game-changer when we started in 2014. This report proves that increased participation of female reporters who are well-trained as leaders with passion and knowledge for reporting girls and women issues correctly can engender a socially just world if we all commit to sustaining the engagement." (Executive summary)
more
Analyzing Journalist Perceptions of Democracy and State Corruption: The Case of Iraq
Arab Media & Society, issue 29 (2020), pp. 1-22
"The paper argues that journalists' perceptions of their role in challenging corruption and developing democracy will give us some insight into Iraq's "crisis of democracy". The theory of democratic participation focuses on the centrality of media and communication institutions, founded on the princ
...
iple of social responsibility and particularly prevalent in capitalist countries. "Democratic participation" reflects the definition of freedom from the democratic and parliamentary systems that have become influential in this age (Wolinetz 2012). This argument is considered by a free press as a failure due to its subordination to a centralized government and owners of capital. Building from corruption reports, public opinion polls, and popular demonstrations, this study will reveal journalists' perceptions of their roles in covering corruption and democracy, investigating whether corrupt political parties and corrupt capitalists control the political system. Democracy in Iraq has created new uncertainties, especially as it is a society without experience with political pluralism. The political transition created civil violence and civil war in 2006." (Theoretical framework, page 2-3)
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Periodismo de paz y conflictos
Valencia: Tirant Humanidades (2020), 124 pp.
"Este libro aborda tres aspectos que explican la crisis que vive actualmente el periodismo tradicional: la crisis de los contenidos, la crisis de estructura y la crisis de credibilidad. Asimismo, profundiza en el papel que tiene el periodismo en la promoción de algunos conflictos sociales, en la ex
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clusión de grupos minoritarios y su papel en el control social. En la segunda parte, desde un periodismo de paz, se definen cambios y propuestas que permitan reformular este escenario. Las reflexiones se apoyan en numerosos ejemplos, principalmente noticias; en investigaciones previas y en las vivencias del autor en la organización de iniciativas de evaluación de la responsabilidad mediática." (Cubierta del libro)
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Assessing the Effectiveness of Online Facebook Campaigns Targeting Potential Irregular Migrants: A Pilot Study in Three West African Countries
Geneva: International Organization for Migration (IOM) (2020), 41 pp.
"Studies have shown that many irregular migrants embark on journeys without accurate or complete information about migration. In response, IOM and other organizations run information campaigns intended to inform potential migrants of the dangers associated with irregular migration and to facilitate
...
informed decisions. The use of online and social media platforms for these campaigns has become increasingly popular in recent years, due to their potential for quickly reaching millions of people at low cost. While the evidence base for offline information campaigns has been gradually improving, it remains unclear how online communication campaigns affect potential migrants, and methodologies to do this remain underdeveloped. This report therefore presents results from a pilot impact assessment of an online campaign based on Facebook posts in Guinea, Nigeria and Senegal during September 2019 and February 2020 [.] Conclusion: Facebook ad campaigns can reach many people quickly. However, large audience sizes and relatively cheap costs come with a trade-off. The impact of an information campaign on potential migrants’ perceptions, attitudes, knowledge and behaviour remains largely unknown because many Facebook users that engage with the campaign do not fit the intended target group. The advantage of offline over online campaigns is that implementers have more control and information about who attends activities or who is exposed to campaign content. The engagement of users with campaign posts varies largely by audience and post characteristics. Campaign and social media teams are well advised to conduct pilot tests before scaling up activities. Pilot tests can inform a customized approach for each online activity on Facebook, and thereby maximize impact. In addition to A/B tests, lift tests may offer a useful opportunity to test the impact of Facebook posts. Compared to impact assessments of offline information campaigns, measuring the impact of Facebook ads on potential migrants presents several unique challenges, including: Many potential migrants are not on Facebook or do not use ad content to seek information about migration. Internet connectivity is also limited in many West African countries. While Facebook allows users to narrow down target groups, it is not clear whether those Facebook users that are exposed to the content fit the profile of potential migrants. Whether the intended target group is reached can be affirmed only through surveys, which have a low response rate; It is not possible to interview the same Facebook users several times to track changes in their perceptions. Engagement metrics like post reactions, link clicks or video plays can be useful indicators. However, these low-engagement metrics do not offer clear evidence of the short- or long-term effects on Facebook users." (Executive summary)
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Perpetrator Cinema: Confronting Genocide in Cambodian Documentary
New York: Columbia University Press (2020), xxii, 285 pp.
"Perpetrator Cinema explores a new trend in the cinematic depiction of genocide that has emerged in Cambodian documentary in the late twentieth- and early twenty-first centuries. While past films documenting the Holocaust and genocides in Yugoslavia, Rwanda, and elsewhere have focused on collecting
...
and foregrounding the testimony of survivors and victims, the intimate horror of the autogenocide enables post-Khmer Rouge Cambodian documentarians to propose a direct confrontation between the first-generation survivor and the perpetrator of genocide. These films break with Western tradition and disrupt the political view that reconciliation is the only legitimate response to atrocities of the past. Rather, transcending the perpetrator's typical denial or partial confession, this extraordinary form of "duel" documentary creates confrontational tension and opens up the possibility of a transformation in power relations, allowing viewers to access feelings of moral resentment. Raya Morag examines works by Rithy Panh, Rob Lemkin and Thet Sambath, and Lida Chan and Guillaume Suon, among others, to uncover the ways in which filmmakers endeavor to allow the survivors' moral status and courage to guide viewers to a new, more complete understanding of the processes of coming to terms with the past. These documentaries show how moral resentment becomes a way to experience, symbolize, judge, and finally incorporate evil into a system of ethics. Morag's analysis reveals how perpetrator cinema provides new epistemic tools and propels the recent social-cultural-psychological shift from the era of the witness to the era of the perpetrator." (Publisher description)
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Types, Sources, and Claims of COVID-19 Misinformation
Oxford: Reuters Institute for the Study of Journalism (2020), 13 pp.
"In this RISJ factsheet we identify some of the main types, sources, and claims of COVID-19 misinformation seen so far. We analyse a sample of 225 pieces of misinformation rated false or misleading by factcheckers and published in English between January and the end of March 2020, drawn from a colle
...
ction of fact-checks maintained by First Draft News." (Key findings)
more