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Journals
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Protecting the Safety of Journalists, Protecting Freedom of Expression: A Handbook for EU Delegations
Key Guides
Brussels: Media4Democracy (2020), 102 pp.
"This Handbook, which provides non-compulsory technical guidance to EU Delegations, aims to provide tools and hands-on examples to support them in implementing the the 2014 'EU Human Rights Guidelines on Freedom of Expression Online and Offline' and in taking actions to support the safety and securi
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A Mission to Inform: Journalists at Risk Speak Out
Strasbourg: Council of Europe (2020), 149 pp.
"The present study brings together a unique collection of open testimonies from 20 journalists working in different member states of the Council of Europe. Each of these journalists spoke about the risks and pressures they perceived and experienced in exercising their profession, as well as their st
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"The very basis for journalism to perform its societal role of enabling a well-informed citizenry through the factual reporting of news, grounded in professional standards of accuracy, sincerity and objectivity is that it is undertaken safely. Indeed, the ability of journalism to pursue what we here
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In the crosshairs: The perils of environmental journalism
Journal of Human Rights, volume 19, issue 3 (2020), pp. 275-290
"Journalists covering environmental issues around the globe are at heightened risk of murder, arrest, assault, threats, self-exile, lawsuits, and harassment because environmental controversies often involve influential business and economic interests, political power battles, criminal activities, an
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Threats To Journalism Profession: Negotiations For Efficiency And Safe Practice
Journal of Communication and Media Studies, volume 1, issue 2 (2020), pp. 1-12
"Despite a plethora of threats such as funding, violence, ownership etc., challenging Journalism profession; amateurs who engage in the practice, seem to continually pose more threats. Amateurs arguably exacerbate the spread of fake and misleading information, disinformation, misinterpretation of is
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Handbook of Research on Combating Threats to Media Freedom and Journalist Safety
Hershey, PA: IGI Global (2019), xxx, 408 pp.
"The Handbook of Research on Combating Threats to Media Freedom and Journalist Safety is an essential reference source that evaluates how diverse threats impact on journalists wellbeing, their right to freedom of expression, and overall media freedoms in various contexts and assesses inadequacies in
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Worlds of Journalism: Journalistic Cultures Around the Globe
Deep Insights
New York: Columbia University Press (2019), xi, 434 pp.
"How do journalists around the world view their own function and role in society? Based on a landmark study that has collected data from more than 25,000 journalists in 66 countries between 2012 and 2015, Worlds of Journalism examines the different ways journalists conceive of their responsibilities
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Safety of Journalists Covering Conflict & Sensitive Issues
Conflict & Communication Online, volume 18, issue 1 (2019), 103 pp.
The staging trap: Right-wing politics as a challenge for journalism
Journalism, volume 20, issue 1 (2019), pp. 24-26
Violence against Journalists
"This entry introduces the concept of violence against journalists and the press. It synthesizes multiple approaches to the phenomenon to create a comprehensive definition, reviews dimensions of violence and the occupational and individual domains in which they create harm, identifies key findings a
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How Journalism Responds to Right-wing Populist Criticism
In: Trust in Media and Journalism: Empirical Perspectives on Ethics, Norms, Impacts and Populism in Europe
Wiesbaden: Springer VS (2018), pp. 137-154
"Right-wing populists often criticise the established media for being untruthful or censoring what critics consider to be important information—for instance, the ethnic background of perpetrators—and for being biased against right-wing populist actors. That hostility towards journalism can be un
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Why there is no culture of journalists’ safety
Australian Journalism Review, volume 40, issue 2 (2018), pp. 9-13
"As I am writing this, the United Nations has counted 68 journalists killed in the line of duty around the world in 2018 (UNESCO, 2018a). That is nothing unusual. From 2012 to 2016, 530 journalists died on the job - an average of two per week. Very few of these are accidental deaths. Some are killed
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Strengthening Police and Media Relations for the Safety of Journalists and Peaceful, Free and Fair Elections in West Africa
Accra; Copenhagen: Media Foundation for West Africa (MFWA); International Media Support (IMS) (2018), 42 pp.
"The relationship between the media and security agencies, including those in the law enforcement and intelligence services, has always been a delicate one. In the West African context, this relationship is often characterized by frequent clashes, arising from a somewhat startling inability of eithe
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The Assault on Journalism. Building Knowledge to Protect Freedom of Expression
Deep Insights
Göteborg: Nordicom (2017), 363 pp.
"To support joint efforts to protect journalism, there is a growing need for research-based knowledge. Acknowledging this need, the aim of this publication is to highlight and fuel journalist safety as a field of research, to encourage worldwide participation, as well as to inspire further dialogues
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Explorations in an Emerging Research Field
In: The Assault on Journalism. Building Knowledge to Protect Freedom of Expression
Göteborg: Nordicom (2017), pp. 141-146
"When discussing the safety of journalists, it is quite natural that the focus is foremost on practitioners: those professional journalists, citizen journalists and other media workers who report about incidents, processes and their consequences from troubled sites around the world. Their accounts o
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World Trends in Freedom of Expression and Media Development: Global Report 2017/2018
Deep Insights
Paris: UNESCO (2017), 200 pp.
"We have noted profound transformations in the field of media freedom, which is making progress in certain areas, but losing ground in others. Media freedom is limited in particular by many legal restrictions on the right to impart information and ideas, although progress is being made with regard t
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Journalists as Victims and Perpetrators of Violence
"This chapter explores the complicated ways in which journalists became subjects within the stories of Ferguson and Baltimore through a particular focus on the discursive identification of journalists as either victims or perpetrators of violence. It focuses on two evaluative frameworks: journalists
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Shooting the messengers
British Journalism Review, volume 28, issue 1 (2017), pp. 57-62
"More and more countries are deciding the answer to a bad press is to imprison journalists who dare to report anything that is critical." (Abstract)
Comparing Journalistic Cultures Across Nations
Journalism Studies, volume 18, issue 5 (2017), pp. 525-535
"Comparative studies of journalism have become immensely popular in recent times, yet a range of methodological and logistical challenges persist in existing work. This introduction to the special issue on “Comparing Journalistic Cultures” provides a brief overview of these challenges, before pr
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The Assault on Journalism. Building Knowledge to Protect Freedom of Expression: Words of Introduction
In: The Assault on Journalism. Building Knowledge to Protect Freedom of Expression
Göteborg: Nordicom (2017), pp. 11-20
"People who exercise their right to freedom of expression through journalism should be able to practice their work without restrictions. They are, nonetheless, the constant targets of violence and threats. In an era of globalization and digitization, no single party can alone carry the responsibilit
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