Toolbox Management & Financing

Management & Financing

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Safeguarding independent journalism in Latin America

Francisca Skoknic

Oxford: Reuters Institute for the Study of Journalism (2024), 37 pp.

"In a region plagued by poverty, inequality, and attacks on press freedom, Latin American journalists have ventured into non-profit journalism to uphold democracy. Outlets producing award-winning and highly impactful journalism in the region include El Salvador’s El Faro, founded in 1998, Chile’ ... s Ciper (2007), IDL-Reporteros in Peru and La Silla Vacía in Colombia (2009), Animal Político in Mexico (2010), Agência Pública in Brazil and Plaza Pública in Guatemala (2011) – to name a few. But finding a sustainable financing model has eluded most outlets. There is limited advertising revenue for such controversial topics, and lower income audiences are hard-pressed to pay for news. This has led to an over-reliance on foreign funding to finance their work. Research by SembraMedia found that grants are the primary source of non-profit income, accounting for 63% of their revenue on average. To assess for myself how acutely reliant independent media in Latin America are on foreign donors, I set about analysing 40 independent outlets based in 16 countries. I focused on outlets that produce public interest journalism, play a significant role in their countries, and receive institutional foreign funding. [...] Between 2016 and 2022 those 40 outlets received more than $27 million from OSF and Ford Foundation. While Ford Foundation granted roughly half the number of grants as the Soros organisation, their grants were significantly larger, meaning the total amount donated was almost on par. OSF has been key in giving establishing grants to new outlets and then fostering their growth, while Ford tends to back outlets with a track record. Ana Joaquina Ruiz, Program Associate for Mexico, and Central America at Ford Foundation, told me: “OSF has the capacity to fund more innovative projects. Ford is a bit more conservative and works with projects that can be a contribution in the long term.” A third important player to consider in this ecosystem is Luminate, created by the founder of eBay, Pierre Omidyar. Publicly available data shows it has only distributed 11 grants between 2016 and 2022 among the 40 outlets I analysed. The average size of each grant was $360,000 – far more than the average Ford Foundation grants ($240,000) or OSF grants ($135,000). It is worth noting, however, that no consistent data could be found about the length of time each grant was intended to cover. An analysis of average amount granted per year might paint a different picture." (https://reutersinstitute.politics.ox.ac.uk) more

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Gestión de la comunicación aplicada

Mauro Ruiz Vinueza (coord.)

Quito: Abya-Yala; Universidad Politécnica Salesiana (2023), 978-9978-10-831-4 (print); 978-9978-10-832-1 (ebook)

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Media Viability: The Global Versus the Local

Global Forum for Media Development (GFMD) (2023), 6 pp.

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Media Entrepreneurship Skills in Latin American Universities Social Communication and Journalism Programs

José A. Ventin-Sánchez, Liliana Gutiérrez-Coba, Loyda Gómez-Santos

Profesional de la Información, volume 32, issue 2 (2023), 22 pp.

"This study analyzes the social communication and journalism programs accredited by the Latin American Council for Accreditation of Education in Journalism and Communication (CLAEP) to identify the competencies and subjects whose expected learning outcomes contribute to general innovative profession ... more

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Desafíos (y propuestas) para la viabilidad de la actividad periodística en América Latina

Santiago Marino, Agustín Espada

Paris; Montevideo: UNESCO; Observacom (2023), 39 pp.

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Funding journalism using participatory grantmaking: A guide

Debs Grayson

Media Reform Coalition; Public Interest News Foundation (PINF); Institute of Welsh Affairs (2023), 55 pp.

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Avalúo, luego existo: Una guía para conocer el valor de tu inspiración

Felipe Buitrago, María Catalina Rodríguez

Bogotá: Centro Regional para el Fomento del Libro en América Latina y el Caribe (CERLALC) (2023), 92 pp.

"En términos sencillos, un avalúo es el proceso mediante el cual se determina cuánto vale algo. Es como una especie de radiografía financiera que se hace a un objeto, propiedad o incluso a un proyecto, para entender su valor en términos monetarios [...] Si eres un artista, escritor, músico o c ... more

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Paying for News: Price-Conscious Consumers Look for Value Amid Cost-Of-Living Crisis

Nic Newman, Craig Robertson

Oxford: Reuters Institute for the Study of Journalism (2023), 35 pp.

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Media and Journalism in Argentina: Politics, Money and Technology

Guillermo Néstor Mastrini, Carla Belén Repetto, Augustín Espada, Martín Razzeto

Tallin; London: Media and Journalism Research Center (MJRC) (2023), 107 pp.

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Breite×Tiefe×Nähe: Auf der Suche nach der Erfolgsformel für spendenfinanzierten digitalen Lokaljournalismus im ländlichen Raum

Dörthe Ziemer

Berlin: Netzwerk Recherche (2023), 50 pp.

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Reviving News Media in an Embattled Europe

Washington, DC: Freedom House (2023), 33 pp.

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Creating National Funds to Support Journalism and Public-Interest Media
Quick Overview

Anya Schiffrin, Brigitte Alfter

Global Forum for Media Development (GFMD) (2023), 17 pp.

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Media Capture in Russia: An Expensive Venture. A Financial Analysis of Key Russian Media Companies

Anastasiia Vorozhtsova

London: Media and Journalism Research Center (MJRC) (2023), 26 pp.

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Project OASIS: A Research Project on the Trends, Impact and Sustainability of Independent Digital Native Media in More Than 40 Countries in Europe

SembraMedia; European Journalism Centre; International Media Support (IMS); Global Forum for Media Development (GFMD); Media and Journalism Research Center (MJRC); Google News Initiative (GNI) (2023), 56 pp.

"Despite the political, economic and linguistic differences that characterise the 40+ countries where we conducted this research, the 540 digital native media organisations featured in our Project Oasis directory face many common challenges and opportunities. Among our key findings: They use social ... more

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The Social Media Monetisation Playbook
Key Guidance

International Media Support (IMS); On.ge (2023), 46 pp.

"This playbook is designed for media managers and journalists who are looking to monetise their social media channels and diversify their income — particularly in countries where English is not the predominant language. It will provide you with practical strategies and tips for creating and moneti ... more

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Media Viability Accelerator: Overview

Internews (2023), 5 pp.

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Google Scholar (15)

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Entrepreneurial Journalism in Greater China and Southeast Asia: Case Studies and Tools for Media Professionals

Judith Clarke

London; New York: Routledge (2022), 219 pp.

"Drawing from a range of case studies of news and journalism startups, including Malaysiakini, Hong Kong Free Press, The News Lens of Taiwan, Thailand’s The Standard, Ciwei Gongshe of China, Indonesia’s IDN Media, Sabay of Cambodia and Frontier Myanmar, this book provides tips on how to launch a ... more

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The Chilling: What More Can News Organisations Do to Combat Gendered Online Violence?

Julie Posetti, Nabeelah Shabbir (eds.)

UNESCO; International Center for Journalists (ICFJ) (2022), 42 pp.

"[...] many newsroom reactions to gender-based online violence appear to have been non-existent, ad hoc, or inadequate. At times, they have even damaged the women journalists targeted. Large global news organisations sometimes identified as “best practice” exemplars by expert responders intervie ... more

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The Daily News Podcast Ecosystem from the Strategy and Business Model Perspectives

Miguel Carvajal, Cristian-Ramón Marín-Sanchiz, Carlos J. Navas

Profesional de la Información, volume 31, issue 5: e310514 (2022), 16 pp.

"The expansion of the daily news podcast format in the media industry has brought new narrative opportunities and shows the strength of the audio medium. For this reason, a qualitative analysis of the daily news podcast ecosystem has been performed from the strategy and business model perspectives t ... more

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Podcast Production and Marketing Strategies on the Main Platforms in Europe, North America, and Latin America: Situation and Perspectives

María de la Peña Mónica Pérez Alaejos, Raúl Terol Bolinches, Andrés Barrios Rubio

Profesional de la Información, volume 31, issue 5: e310522 (2022), 16 pp.

"After an initial period of independent amateurism strongly conditioned by the technologies available, the podcast has achieved significant global popular recognition, as well as an increasingly important professional dimension thanks to the emergence and spread of new distribution platforms (podcas ... more

Creating National Funds to Support Journalism and Public-Interest Media Quick Overview

The Social Media Monetisation Playbook Key Guidance

Creating National Funds to Support Journalism and Public-Interest Media
Quick Overview

The Social Media Monetisation Playbook
Key Guidance