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A Difficult Profession: Media Freedom Under Attack in the Western Balkans

Human Rights Watch (2015), 69 pp.

"Based on 86 in-depth interviews with journalists, editors and media owners, this report documents the hostile environment in which journalists work in Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH), Kosovo, Montenegro, and Serbia. Journalists and editors interviewed for this report described a difficult media space ... more

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Employment Conditions of Journalists in Albania, Bosnia-Herzegovina, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Montenegro and Serbia - Regional Report

Radomir Cholakov

Bucureçti (RO): Center for Independent Journalism; South-East European Partnership for Media Development (2015), 23 pp.

"A crowded and rather poor media market, unable to secure the sustainability of media operations, a high level of job insecurity making the journalists vulnerable to political and economic pressures and – more often than not – leading to self-censorship – are some of the conclusions [...] The ... more

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Media Sustainability Index 2015: The Development of Sustainable Independent Media in Europe and Eurasia

Leon Morse (ed.)

Washington, DC: IREX (2015), xxii, 323 pp.

"Results of the 2015 MSI study for Europe & Eurasia (E&E) at first glance show encouraging results: the average of 21 overall country scores increased by 0.04 compared with last year, representing the highest average of overall scores so far this decade. Out of 21 countries studied, seven increased ... more

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Media Ownership and Financing in Montenegro: Weak Regulation Enforcement and Persistence of Media Control

Daniela Brkic

Ljubljana: Peace Institute; South East European Media Observatory (2015), 22 pp.

"Non-transparent ownership of media, particularly those financed by foreign capital, continues to burden Montenegrin media scene. Foreign media owners, as a rule, continue to support pro-government editorial policies. Their overall operations raise doubts of existence of clientelistic relations with ... more

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Baseline Assessment of the “Guidelines for EU Support to Media Freedom and Media Integrity in the Enlargement Countries 2014-20”

Pam van de Bunt, Davor Glavas, Tihomir Loza, Enton Dimni, Dijan Albayrak

European Commission; Particip (2015), 99, 173 pp.

"For this assessment more than 390 surveys were made in Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Kosovo, the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Montenegro, Serbia and Turkey [...] In addition to the survey a further 150 in-depth interviews were held, complemented by a Focus Group in each country, which ... more

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Reporting Neighbours in Balkan Media

Remzi Lani (ed.)

Tirana: Albanian Media Institute (2015), 135 pp.

"This publication opens up a path for dialogue and better mutual understanding among media actors in the various Western Balkan countries. I see its main value in presenting facts and bringing different perspectives together. This is a promising base to further foster bridges between journalists, re ... more

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Media Sustainability Index 2014: The Development of Sustainable Independent Media in Europe and Eurasia

Leon Morse (ed.)

Washington, DC: IREX (2014), xx, 307 pp.

"The 2014 MSI study for Europe & Eurasia is marked by an overall constancy of scores, for better or worse. Taken as a whole, the average of 21 overall scores shows an increase of 0.01 compared with last year. Out of the 21 countries studied, 13 showed a change in score of less than 0.10. Of the rema ... more

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Freedom of the Media in the Western Balkans

Elda Brogi, Alina Dobreva, Pier Luigi Parcu et al.

Brussels: Policy Department Directorate-General for External Policies of the Union European Union (2014), 88 pp.

"The study analyses media freedom and pluralism in the Western Balkans (Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Kosovo, Montenegro, the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia and Serbia) in light of the EU enlargement policy. Despite the different stages of their EU accession paths, these countries share si ... more

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Hate Speech in Online Media in South East Europe

Remzi Lani (ed.)

Tirana: Albanian Media Institute (2014), 199 pp.

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Media Sustainability Index 2013: The Development of Sustainable Independent Media in Europe and Eurasia

Leon Morse (ed.)

Washington, DC: IREX (2013), xx, 317 pp.

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The Media Landscape in 54 Countries: Country Profiles from the 2011 and 2012 UIS Pilot Surveys

Paris: UNESCO Institute for Statistics (2013), 155 pp.

"The current UIS Questionnaire on Media Statistics provides information for three UNESCO frameworks, namely the Media and Information Literacy Framework, the Media Development Indicators Framework and the Framework for Cultural Statistics. The questionnaire collects data for reporting global progres ... more

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Media Under Attack: Balkans and Former Soviet Union Press Freedom Review, January 2011 - December 2013

Brussels: International Federation of Journalists (IFJ) (2013), 69 pp.

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Information in Minority Languages in the Western Balkans: Freedom, Access, Marginalization

Davor Marko (ed.)

Sarajevo: Media Plan Institute (2013), 238 pp.

"The goal of this book is to present in a systematic way the results of analysis of content of media in minority languages in four countries (Bosnia and Herzegovina, Macedonia, Montenegro and Serbia), relying on past practice, expertise and research results related to analysis of minority media and ... more

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Western Balkans and Turkey Media and Freedom of Expression Fact-Finding and Scoping Study

Bjørn Erichsen, Rita Naseniece, Dušan Reljic, Günter Seufert, Aleksandra Tomanic, Isabela Uribe

European Commission; Particip (2013), 104 pp.

"The first component of this report focuses on the improvement of the performance of public sector broadcasters. Based on evidence that the team gathered during field research, and the preparatory survey of the existing body of knowledge, 23 main problems were identified in this component [...] The ... more

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Report on the SEEMO Press Freedom Mission to Montenegro, 8-10 November 2011

Vienna: South East Europe Media Organisation (SEEMO) (2012), 19 pp.

"The objective of the press freedom mission conducted by the Vienna-based South East Europe Media Organisation (SEEMO), an affiliate of the International Press Institute (IPI), was to the assess the media situation in Montenegro following several developments: a) the introduction of new media-relate ... more

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Media Sustainability Index 2012: The Development of Sustainable Independent Media in Europe and Eurasia

Leon Morse (ed.)

Washington, DC: IREX (2012), xxi, 359 pp.

"TThe 2012 MSI study for Europe & Eurasia revealed a mix of positive developments, regression, and stagnation (or resilience, depending on one’s point of view). Nearly half of the 21 countries included in this study showed little change either way, their overall score moving by 0.10 or less. Six c ... more

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Media Sustainability Index 2011: The Development of Sustainable Independent Media in Europe and Eurasia

Leon Morse (ed.)

Washington, DC: IREX (2011), xxiii, 321 pp.

"With three notable exceptions—Belarus, Russia, and Uzbekistan—the media sector in the countries included in the first edition of the MSI in 2001 have over time either improved overall or stayed more or less the same. But, a review of overall MSI scores is just one way to use the MSI to see how ... more

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The Digital Origins of Dictatorship and Democracy: Information Technology and Political Islam

Philip N. Howard

Oxford; New York: Oxford University Press (2010), xii, 285 pp.

"Around the developing world, political leaders face a dilemma: the very information and communication technologies that boost economic fortunes also undermine power structures. Globally, one in ten internet users is a Muslim living in a populous Muslim community. In these countries, young people ar ... more

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Media Sustainability Index 2010: Development of Sustainable Independent Media in Europe and Eurasia

Leon Morse (ed.)

Washington, DC: IREX (2010), xxi, 287 pp.

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Footprint of Financial Crisis in the Media

London: Media Program Open Society Institute (2010), 14 pp.

"The global economic downturn has affected countless businesses across the region, forcing them to slash costs, lay off employees, and reduce output. Media businesses are no exception. However, when media businesses are hit, it is not just their turnover that suffers: their primary function, the del ... more