"This brief offers a simple one-page tool for thinking about the theories of change that underlie public policy advocacy strategies. It first presents the tool and then offers six questions that advocates, and funders working with advocates, can work through to better articulate their theories of ch ... ange. The tool—labeled the advocacy strategy framework—has several advantages over more familiar linear box-and-arrow theory-of-change tools: As advocacy is not predictable or linear, the tool does not force linear thinking; it offers a place to start, rather than a blank page; it helps advocates to think more specifically about audiences—who is expected to change and how, and what it will take to get them there; while theories of change often consider advocacy strategies in isolation of other efforts, this tool helps to think about how other advocates (like-minded or in opposition) are positioned; it prompts thinking about useful tactics and meaningful interim outcomes." (Introduction, page 1) more

"This document outlines basic steps in planning monitoring and evaluation for advocacy and covers: distinctive features of monitoring and evaluation for advocacy; five questions for planning advocacy monitoring and evaluation; special focuses on equity, humanitarian advocacy monitoring and evaluatio ... n, and knowledge management; aeventeen data collection tools for measuring advocacy outputs, outcomes and impacts; dour case studies from Kenya, Nigeria, Tanzania, Mexico, Tajikistan and Iceland; following up with next steps. This is the full version of Chapter 4 in UNICEF’s Advocacy Toolkit." (Page 1) more

"This brief offers an overview of current practice in the new and now rapidly growing field of advocacy evaluation. It highlights the kinds of approaches being used, offers specific examples of how they are being used and who is using them, and identifies the advantages and disadvantages of each app ... roach. The brief is organized around the summary matrix on page 2, which identifies four key evaluation design questions and then offers common advocacy evaluation responses to those questions.1 Questions include: 1) Who will do the evaluation? 2) What will the evaluation measure? 3) When will the evaluation take place? 4) What methodology will the evaluation use? For each question, three options or possible responses are given. Options are based on the experiences of advocates, evaluators, and funders who already have responded to these questions and are learning about the benefits and drawbacks of their choices." (Page 1) more

"Advocacy and policy change evaluations focus on policy as the unit of analysis rather than the more traditional program or project. There is growing interest in this form of evaluation as evidenced by a new American Evaluation Association Topical Interest Group with this focus. ... Julia Coffman (2007) began her important article “What’s Different About Evaluating Advocacy and Policy Change?” by noting what’s not different. I want to reaffirm her perspective. Advocacy evaluation, like all evaluation, is guided by the profession’s Principles and Standards. Advocacy evaluation can be, and I believe should be, utilization-focused. That means focusing the evaluation on intended use by intended users, and evaluating the evaluation by that standard." (Page 1) more