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Media Law & Regulation
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Media Freedom, Press Freedom
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Diversity & Pluralism in Media / Communication
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Journalism Education & Training
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Journalistic Quality
95
Public Service Broadcasting
94
Media Assistance
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Press Landscapes
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Radio Landscapes
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Public Media, State Media
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Television Landscapes
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Politics and Media
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Audiences & Users
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Digital Media Landscapes
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Media Markets
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Media & Communication Policies
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Media Ownership
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Access to Media & Information
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Democracy / Democratization and Media
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Journalism
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ICT Regulation
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Associations & Networks of Journalists
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Media Assistance: Country Strategies & Experiences
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Political Transition and Media
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Television
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Digital Activism, Cyber Advocacy
31
Radio
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Media Assistance in Conflict Regions & Fragile Countries
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News Websites & Portals
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Media Viability & Financial Sustainability
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Media Management
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Media Outlets, Media Associations
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History of Media & Communication
29
Media / Communication Control
28
Media Use, Media Consumption
27
Digitalization, Digital Transformation
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Trust in the Media, Credibility of Media
25
Conflict Areas: Media Systems, Media Landscapes, Role of Media
24
Investigative Journalism
22
Media System Analyses & Typologies
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Digital Communication, Digital Media
20
News Agencies
18
Press
18
Censorship
17
Development and Media
16
Internet
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Journalists: Professional Identity & Values
16
Telecommunication Companies, Mobile Phone & Fixed Line Operators
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Advertising Markets & Industries
15
Social Media
15
Economics of Media
15
Political Economy of Media
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Newspapers
15
Disaster & Humanitarian Crisis Communication
14
Journalism Concepts & Cultures
14
Telecommunication Infrastructure
14
Community Radios
13
Research in Media & Communication
13
Authoritarian Regimes: Media Systems & Landscapes
12
Freedom of Expression
12
Digital Journalism, Online Journalism
12
Disinformation, Misinformation, Fake News
12
Journalists
12
Post-Socialist Media Systems & Landscapes
12
Cinema
11
Media Concentration
11
International Communication
11
Media Assistance: Implementing Organizations
11
Financing Public Service Media
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Public Service Broadcasting: Contents & Programming
11
Conflicts and Media
10
Ethics in Media & Communication
10
Democracy
10
Advertising
9
Government Communication Strategies
9
Television Markets
9
Globalisation of Media
9
Satellite Television
9
Working Conditions of Journalists & Media Personnel
9
Political Communication
9
Access to Public Information, Freedom of Information, Right to Information
8
Press Markets
8
Radio Markets
8
Journalism / Communication Training Centers
8
Television News
8
Public Spheres
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Communication & Media Indicators
8
Digital Television
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Information Needs
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Press Freedom & Communication Rights Violations
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Conflict Reporting, Armed Conflict Reporting
7
Defamation Law & Regulation
7
COVID-19 Communication
7
Transnational Broadcasting, International Broadcasting
7
Financing Media, Financial Media Management
7
Media Capture, Vested Political & Other Interests in the Media
7
Comparative Approaches & Methods in Communication Research
7
Digital & Social Media Use, Internet Use
6
Public Diplomacy, Cultural Diplomacy
6
Alternative Communication & Media
6
Contents of Media
6
Media Assistance Projects & Programs: Case Studies
6
Development Communication, Communication for Development (C4D)
6
Development Journalism & Media Representation of Development Issues
6
Music Industries & Markets
6
Foreign News, International News
6
Election Reporting
6
Local Communication & Media
6
Media, Mass Media
6
Magazines
6
Digital Switchover
6
News Consumption & Information Sources of Media Users
5
Election Campaigns
5
Film Markets
5
Public Relations
5
Extremist & Terrorist Communication Strategies and Media
5
Media Industries
5
Gender and Media, Gender and Communication
5
'Comparing Media Systems' (Hallin/Mancini, 2004)
5
Influence of Media on Politics
5
Propaganda
5
Society & Media, Media Sociology
5
Civic Engagement, Citizen Participation, Civil Society & Media
4
Radio Consumption, Radio Use, Radio Audiences
4
Media Assistance: Authoritarian Countries
4
Catholic Media
4
Hate Speech, Hate Speech in Social Media
4
Digital Media Markets
4
Journalism Ethics
4
Female Journalists & Media Workers
4
History of Radio
4
History of Television
4
History of the Press
4
Media Assistance: Journalism Education & Training
4
News
4
Political Reporting
4
Media Development Indicators
4
Media & Information Literacy
4
Transition Countries: Media Systems & Media Landscapes
4
Zimbabwe Broadcasting Corporation
4
National Identity & Media, Nationalism & Communication
4
Taliban
4
Rural Communication, Media in Rural Areas
4
Government Advertising, State Advertising
3
Book Publishing
3
Film Industries
3
Community Media
3
Traditional Communication
3
Human Rights Protection & Violations: Media Representation & Reporting
3
War Reporting
3
Media Monitoring, Media Observatories
3
Social Change & Media / Communication
3
Convergence of Media
3
Internet Markets
3
Entertainment Media Industries & Markets
3
Education and Communication / Media
3
Environmental Journalism
3
Globalisation: Impact on (Local) Media & Communication
3
World Information and Communication Order
3
International Radio Broadcasting, Foreign Radio Broadcasting
3
Transnational & Comparative Communication Research
3
Safety of Journalists, Safety Risks of Media Workers
3
Radio News
3
Photojournalism
3
Government & Government Performance: Media Representation & Reporting
3
Germany: Media Assistance Actors, Practices, Priorities
3
Media Assistance: Regional Approaches & Experiences
3
Information Ecosystems
3
Frequency Allocation, Radio Frequency & Spectrum Management
3
Civic Engagement, Citizen & Community Participation
3
Governance & Accountability: Role of Media / Communication
3
Political Parties: Communication Strategies
3
Religion and Communication
3
Civil Society
3
Al-Jazeera
3
Non-Western Communication Approaches
3
Access to Internet & Digital Communications
2
Media Use: Migrants & Diasporas
2
Television Consumption, Televison Use, Television Audiences
2
Catholic Press
2
Catholic Radios
2
Nollywood
2
Communication Rights
2
Exile Journalism, Exile Media
2
Self-Censorship
2
State News Agencies, Government News Agencies
2
NGOs & Civil Society Organizations: Communication Strategies & Practices
2
Citizen Journalism, Community Journalism
2
Community Newspapers, Community Press
2
Conflict-Sensitive & Peace Journalism
2
Media Criticism
2
Culture and Communication, Culture and Media
2
Cultural Diversity
2
Cultural Domination, Media Imperialism, Cultural & Media Dependency
2
Multicultural Societies, Multiethnic Societies
2
Popular Cultures
2
BRICS Countries
2
Nonprofit Organizations, NGOs
2
Radio for Development
2
Rural Radio Programmes, Rural Radios, Rural Development & Radio
2
Online Magazines & Newspapers
2
Digital Economies, Digital Societies
2
ICT Industries & Markets
2
Information Society
2
Diaspora Media
2
Disaster Risk & Preparedness Communication, Disaster Prevention Communication
2
Media Commercialisation
2
Television Industries
2
Foreign Media Investments, Foreign Media Ownership
2
Educational Broadcasting
2
Literacy, Literacy Campaigns, Postliteracy, Alphabetisation Policies
2
Entertainment and Media / Communication
2
Television Entertainment, Television Entertainment Programmes
2
Soap Operas & Telenovelas
2
Accountability & Transparency of the Media
2
Bribery & Corruption in Journalism
2
Codes of Journalistic Ethics
2
Sensationalist Journalism, Yellow Press
2
Good Practice Examples
2
Indigenous Communication
2
Foreign Correspondents
2
International News Flow
2
Transnational Television, International Television
2
Transnational Communication
2
European Union (EU)
2
Windhoek Declaration on Promoting Independent and Pluralistic Media (UNESCO, 1991)
2
United Nations (UN)
2
Journalistic Skills
2
Poverty & Impoverished People: Reporting & Media Representation
2
Local Press
2
Media Assistance: Criticism, Ideological Backgrounds, Vested Interests
2
Media Assistance: Financial Sustainability & Management
2
Media Assistance: Mapping of Programs & Donors
2
Media Assistance: Radio
2
Informal Communication Channels, Networks & Structures
2
Media Companies, Media Corporations, Media Enterprises
2
Cameroon Radio Television (CRTV)
2
Deutsche Welle
2
South African Broadcasting Corporation (SABC)
2
Migration & Refugees Reporting & (Social) Media Representation
2
Military
2
Political Systems
2
Hybrid Political Systems
2
Political Transition
2
Public Administration
2
Framing
2
Watchdog Role of the Media
2
Radio Programming, Programme Structures & Schedules
2
Radio Engineering & Technologies
2
Islamic Cultures: Role of Media
2
Islamist Communications & Media
2
Research Methods
2
Statistical Data: Collection, Analysis & Interpretation
2
Ethnic Groups, Ethnic Minorities
2
Computers
2
Satellite Communication & Information Services
2
Telecommunications
2
Mobile Phones, Smartphones
2
SMS
2
Telecommunication Industries & Markets
2
Cable Television
2
Television Channels
2
Rede Globo (Television Network, Brazil)
2
Television Programmes & Genres
2
Television Programming, Programme Structures & Programme Policies
2
Digital Divide, Digital Inequalities
1
Flow of Information
1
Editorial Independence: Influence of Advertisers
1
Local Advertising & Local Advertising Markets
1
Radio Advertising
1
Transnational Advertising, International Advertising
1
Empowerment
1
Media Advocacy, Media Activism
1
Agriculture
1
Family Farming
1
Forestry, Deforestation, Forest Protection
1
Area & Regional Studies
1
Audience Clubs & Listener Groups
1
Audience Research
1
Media Use: Rural Populations
1
Media Use: Women, Female Media Audiences
1
Media Use: Youth
1
Print Media Use, Press Readers
1
Reading, Reading Habits, Reading Skills
1
Authoritarian Regimes, Dictatorships
1
Authoritarian Regimes: Government Communication Strategies
1
Books
1
Book Markets & Industries
1
Bookshops & Bookshop Management
1
Christian Book Publishing
1
Media Events (Events or Activities Hosted Largely with the Media in Mind)
1
Political Campaigns
1
Radio Ecclesia (Luanda, Angola)
1
Catholic Television
1
Catholic Media Organizations
1
Child Protection, Protection of Minors
1
Political Cartoons & Comics
1
Christian Communication
1
Reformed / United Churches
1
Arab Cinema, Middle Eastern Cinema
1
Bollywood
1
Films
1
Public Film Policies, Film Legislation, Public Film Funding
1
Television Programme & Format Trade
1
Videos
1
Cybersecurity, Digital Safety, Privacy, Right to Privacy
1
Editorial Independence
1
Editorial Independence: Influence of Media Owners
1
Intellectual Property
1
Plagiarism
1
Indirect Censorship, Soft Censorship
1
Harassment & Intimidation of Journalists
1
Killings of Journalists & Media Personnel
1
Violence Against Journalists & Media Personnel
1
State Influence on the Media
1
Government Propaganda
1
International Organizations: Communication Strategies & Practices
1
Military: Communication Strategies & Practices
1
Social Marketing
1
Strategic Communication Planning
1
Community Communication
1
Community Radio Associations & Networks
1
Telecentres, Community Telecentres, Internet Cafés
1
Oral Cultures & Traditions, Oral History, Oral Testimonies
1
Genocides
1
Civil Wars
1
Iraq War (2003)
1
Russia-Ukraine War <2014-
1
Crime & Violence Reporting
1
Dealing With the Past
1
Extremism & Terrorism Reporting
1
Foreign Conflict Reporting, International War Reporting
1
Information Warfare, Psychological Warfare
1
Media Law & Regulation in Conflict Areas
1
Transitional Justice Reporting
1
Violence in the Media
1
Violence in the Media: Reception & Effects
1
Content Analysis (Research Method)
1
Rumours & Rumour Management
1
Theatre
1
Popular Art, Folk Art, Handicrafts
1
Collective Identities & Media
1
Creative & Cultural Industries
1
Cultural Heritage
1
Cultural Identity
1
Cultural Projects (Development Cooperation)
1
Cultural Values
1
Hybrid Cultures, Hybridization
1
Indigenous Language Literature
1
Tales, Legends, Traditional Literary Lore
1
Modernization Development Approaches, Developmentalism
1
Museums
1
Donor Coordination, Funder Collaboration, Aid Harmonsation
1
Democracy Assistance
1
Good Governance
1
Perceptions & Attitudes Towards Development Issues and Development Assistance
1
Western Approaches
1
Development Communication Theories
1
Rural Communication for Development
1
Digital Media Startups
1
E-Governance, E-Democracy
1
Indigenous Digital & Social Media Communication
1
Internet / ICTs and Social Change
1
Internet / Social Media Law & Regulation
1
Internet Shutdowns
1
Online Communication
1
Online Radio, Internet Radio, Radio Streaming
1
Online Services
1
Blogging, Blogs
1
Twitter & Microblogs
1
Ethnic / Minority Online Communities & Websites
1
Online Learning, E-Learning
1
ICTs and Development
1
Mobile Phone Markets
1
World Summit on the Information Society (WSIS)
1
Disadvantaged Groups & Communication, Minorities & Media
1
Afro-Latin Americans, Afroamerican Population
1
Ethnic Media, Minority Media
1
Ethnic Television, Minority Television
1
German-Language Media Abroad
1
Hispanic Americans, Hispanic Media
1
LGBT & Communication / Media
1
Minorities & Disadvantaged Groups: Reporting & Media Representation
1
Disaster & Humanitarian Crisis Reporting
1
Disaster & Humanitarian Crisis Information Management
1
Earthquakes, Floods, Tsunamis, Natural Disasters
1
Countering Hate Speech, Disinformation & Propaganda
1
Economic Contribution of the Media Industries to GDP
1
Distribution of Media
1
Printing Industries
1
Media Ownership Regulation & Transparency
1
Economic Conditions
1
Poverty & Poverty Reduction
1
Economic Development
1
Educational Television
1
Training Centres
1
Media Assistance: Educational & Instructional Media
1
Media Didactics, Media Use in Education
1
Gaming, Video Games
1
Media Literacy: Gaming
1
Docudrama
1
Environmental & Land Conflicts Reporting & Media Representation
1
Flora & Fauna
1
Bias in News Media
1
Evaluation Criteria, Evaluation Indicators
1
Evaluation Methods, Evaluation Tools
1
Media Assistance: Evaluation, Monitoring, Impact Assessment
1
Gender Representation & Stereotypes in the Media
1
Health Communication
1
Health Journalism
1
Sexual Health Communication, Reproductive Health Education, Family Planning
1
20th century
1
Colonial Legacies
1
Colonial Period
1
History of Media: Colonial Period
1
Precolonial Period
1
Indigenous Media, Indigenous Language Media Productions
1
Foreign Countries: Reporting & Media Representation
1
Globalisation, Globalisation Criticism
1
Image Abroad
1
International Media & Communication Policies
1
Russia: Foreign Information Operations, International Broadcasting, Public Diplomacy
1
Transnational Media Corporations, International Media Companies
1
International Relations
1
Council of Europe
1
UNESCO
1
UNESCO & IPDC Media Assistance
1
World Trade Orgaization (WTO)
1
Civic Journalism, Public Journalism
1
Journalists Dealing with Risks & Threats, Resilience & Wellbeing of Media Workers
1
Legal Status of Journalists
1
Local Journalism
1
News Values, News Selection Criteria
1
Print Journalism
1
Business & Economics Journalism
1
Court Reporting & Media Representation of Judicial System
1
Religion: Media Representation
1
Islam: Media Representation & Reporting
1
African Languages
1
Bilingualism, Multilingualism
1
Language Policies
1
Insufficient Local Media Ecosystems, "Information Deserts"
1
Local Radios, Local Radio Programmes
1
China: Media Assistance
1
Media Assistance: Governance, Accountability, Combating Corruption
1
Media Assistance: Law & Regulation, Media Policy Consultancies
1
Media Assistance: Lessons Learned
1
Media Assistance: Middle East
1
Media Assistance: Refugees
1
Media Assistance: Television
1
Media Assistance: Transition Countries & Defective Democracies
1
USA: Media Assistance
1
Communication & Information Needs
1
Communication Systems
1
COVID-19 Pandemic: Effects on Journalism, Media & Communication
1
Diffusion of Innovations
1
Interpersonal Communication, Interpersonal Relations
1
Organizational Communication, Institutional Communication
1
Stereotypes in Media & Communication
1
Media Democratization
1
Public Funding & Support Policies for Media
1
Television Policies
1
Media Literacy: Photography
1
Social Media Landscapes
1
Socialist Media Systems
1
Customary Law
1
Media Law & Regulation: Transitional Countries
1
Ombudsmen
1
Public Service Broadcasting: Regulation & Governance
1
Radio Law & Regulation
1
Regulatory Bodies
1
Religious Freedom
1
Broadcasting Companies
1
Organisational Development & Capacity Building
1
Quality Criteria, Quality Standards
1
Kenya Broadcasting Corporation (KBC)
1
Konrad Adenauer Foundation
1
Namibian Broadcasting Corporation (NBC)
1
Office de la Radiodiffusion Télévision du Mali (ORTM)
1
Radio Mozambique (RM)
1
Television Mozambique (TVM)
1
Uganda Broadcasting Corporation (UBC)
1
Word Publishing (Port Moresby, Papua New Guinea)
1
Zambia National Broadcasting Corporation (ZNBC)
1
Songs
1
People with Disabilities: Access to & Use of ICT and Media
1
Arab Spring (2010-2012)
1
Polarization, Political Polarization
1
Political Change
1
Political Culture
1
Communism, Marxism
1
Liberalism
1
Populism
1
Political Opposition
1
Political Parties
1
Political Resistance
1
Failed States
1
Fragile / Post-Conflict States
1
State
1
Centralization
1
Public Opinion
1
El Espectador (Newspaper, Colombia)
1
Kompas (Newspaper, Indonesia)
1
Public & State Radios
1
Public & State Television
1
Radio Programmes & Genres
1
Radio Stations
1
Commercial Radios
1
Media Effects
1
Media Reception
1
Socialization
1
Social Integration: Role of Media
1
Uses-And-Gratifications Approach
1
Islam and Communication
1
Muslim Digital Media & Online Communities
1
Muslim Media
1
Muslim Television Broadcasting
1
Jewish Media
1
Religious Television Programmes
1
Communication Research Design
1
African Media Barometer (AMB)
1
Media Sustainability Index (MSI)
1
Methodological Challenges
1
Countering Discrimination & Racism
1
Society
1
Corruption & Combating Corruption
1
Networks & Networking
1
Population
1
Resilience
1
Social Change
1
Inequalities
1
Social Roles
1
Technologies, Information & Communication Technologies
1
Informatics
1
Paper & Paper Production
1
Open Source Software
1
Telecommunication Law, Regulation & Policies
1
Telephone
1
Commercial Television
1
Regional Television
1
Al-Arabiya
1
Al-Hurra (Television Channel)
1
Al-Manar (Television Channel, Lebanon)
1
Rede Record (Television Channel, Brazil)
1
RT (Russian International Broadcaster, formerly Russia Today)
1
Tele Liban (Television Channel, Lebanon)
1
TeleSur (Television Channel)
1
Television Networks
1
Television Talk Shows
1
Theories of Communication & Media
1
Urban Communication, Urban Media
1
Language
Document type
Countries / Regions
Authors & Publishers
Media focus
Publication Years
Methods applied
Journals
Output Type
Zwischen Aufklärung und Propaganda: Medien im Südkaukasus
Osteuropa, volume 65, issue 7-10 (2015), pp. 211-229
"Die Medienlandschaften der südkaukasischen Staaten sind so unterschiedlich wie die Länder. In Georgien gibt es eine lebendige Medienszene, in Armenien ist der Markt von politischen und wirtschaftlichen Kartellen geprägt. In Aserbaidschan unterdrückt das autoritäre Regime die unabhängigen Medi
...
Afghan Media in 2014: Understanding the Audience
Altai Consulting; Internews (2015), 169 pp.
"In 2014, competition in the Afghan media sector has increased in order to attract diminishing advertising revenue. This has led to increased professionalization and a certain degree of segmentation with the introduction of specialist, niche channels. The pace of development of new outlets has slowe
...
African Media Barometer: Namibia 2018
Windhoek: Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung (FES) (2015), 66 pp.
Media in Egypt and Tunisia: From Control to Transition?
New York: Palgrave Macmillan (2015), x, 112 pp.
Medien in Deutschland: Presse - Rundfunk - Online
Bonn: Bundeszentrale für politische Bildung (bpb), Lizenzausg. (2015), 259 pp.
Routledge Handbook of Chinese Media
Top Insights
London; New York: Routledge (2015), xviii, 486 pp.
"The study of Chinese media is a field that is growing and evolving at an exponential rate. Not only are the Chinese media a fascinating subject for analysis in their own right, but they also offer scholars and students a window to observe multi-directional flows of information, culture and communic
...
Platform Convergence in Indonesia: Challenges and Opportunities for Media Freedom
Convergence, volume 21, issue 2 (2015), pp. 182-197
"This article examines media freedom in Indonesia, an age where the media landscape is being remade by convergence. Media scholars are debating the implications of this trend for media freedom, with some believing it is opening new possibilities for a greater range of voices to be heard and others i
...
La liberté des médias en Guinée: Entre textes et institutions, quelles réalités?
Paris: L'Harmattan (2015), 155 pp.
Medien, Geld und Freiheit
Religion & Gesellschaft in Ost und West, volume 43, issue 10 (2015), pp. 1-27
"Das Fazit der Beiträge in diesem Heft bringt Snežana Milivojevic nüchtern auf den Punkt: „Der Glaube, dass ein freier Markt gleichbedeutend mit freien Medien ist, hat sich in den Transformationsländern als Illusion erwiesen.“ Die größte Gefahr für unabhängigen Journalismus liegt dort ni
...
The State of Media Freedom in Rwanda
Media Progress; Rwanda Media Commission (RMC) (2015), 92 pp.
"This report provides a useful basis to understand the broad nature of media freedom, and gauge the Status of media freedom and development from a legal, policy and professional perspective. Being the first of its kind to be produced by RMC, we attach special value to this product because it sets th
...
Arabische Medien
Top Insights
Konstanz; München: UVK (2015), 344 pp.
"Im Fokus des ersten Teils stehen transnationale Phänomene wie die Bedeutung des Satellitenfernsehens und der Sozialen Medien sowie die Rolle von Minderheiten, Gender und Islamisten in den Medien. Diese Beiträge geben den aktuellen Stand der Forschung wieder und reflektieren diesen. Im zweiten Tei
...
Central African Republic: Supporting the Media and Humanitarian Information and Communication in a Complex Emergency. Roundtable Report, 5-6 February 2014, Yaoundé, Cameroon
International Media Support (IMS) (2014), 30 pp.
"This two-day roundtable brought together representatives from key organizations and institutions in CAR as well as representatives from international organizations currently operating in CAR. The aim was to address the needs for media support and humanitarian information and communication and to en
...
Barometre des Médias Africains: Benin 2014
Windhoek; Cotonou: Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung (FES) (2014), 107 pp.
Assessing the sustainability of media (reporting) in the Republic of Mauritius
Port Louis: Master Thesis University of Technology (2014), 85 pp.
Kenya's Media Landscape: A Success Story with Serious Structural Challenges
Leipzig: Vistas (2014), 180 pp.
"Kenya’s 2010 Constitution guarantees press freedom in a way the country has never previously seen. However, the concentration of media ownership and pending consensus on new media legislation are tarnishing the triumphs of Kenya’s media liberalization and development. Regulation of news content
...
Balkan Media Barometer: An Analysis of the Media Landscape in Bosnia and Herzegowina 2014
Sarajevo: Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung (FES) (2014), 72 pp.
The Future of News Media in the Arab World
Saarbrücken: LAP Lambert Academic Publishing (2014), 217 pp.
Bangladesh's Changing Mediascape: From State Control to Market Forces
Top Insights
Bristol: intellect (2014), xvi, 404 pp.
"Among the many topics discussed here are the difference among specific media formats, including television, newspapers, radio, film and photography; policy issues; and the challenge that new media poses to governance in a developing nation faced with innumerable economic, social and political probl
...
Belarus: Time for Media Reform. Policy Paper on Media Freedom in Belarus
Index on Censorship; Belarusian Association of Journalists (BAJ) (2014), 27 pp.
Needs Assessment on Promoting Ethics and Transparency in Pakistani Media
Karachi: Pakistan Press Foundation; Pakistan Coalition for Ethical Journalism (2014), 23 pp.