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The Measurement of Trust in Communication Research, Part 1

Paola Pascual-Ferrá

Communication Research Trends, volume 39, issue 4 (2020), pp. 4-34

"Professor Pascual-Ferrá provides a real service to researchers by assembling not only the story of research into trust but also the key scales with which people examined trust. Taking even a brief look at the tables accompanying this study of trust, one easily sees how unsettled this research area ... more

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Report: The Perception of COVID-19 Communication in West Africa (non-Sahel)

Abuja: UNESCO (2020), 25 pp.

"According to the respondents (522 respondents), people pay most attention to "prevention methods from COVID-19" (3.82 out of the full score 5). On the contrary, the respondents pay relatively less attention to "Pandemic Statistics (local, national, and international)" (3.55 out of the full score 5) ... more

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Estudio: Medios de comunicación en coronavirus

Santiago de Chile: cadem (2020), 34 slides

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Fake News: Understanding Media and Misinformation in the Digital Age

Melissa Zimdars, Kembrew McLeod (eds.)

Cambridge, Mass.; London: MIT Press (2020), xi, 395 pp.

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WorldCat (8)

Estudio: Medios de comunicación post crisis

Santiago de Chile: cadem (2020), 26 slides

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Mediennutzung und Medienvertrauen von Migranten: Untersuchung auf Basis des SVR-Integrationsbarometers 2018

Timo Tonassi, Alex Wittlif, Christian Schemer

Media Perspektiven, issue 12 (2020), pp. 626-635

"Das SVR-Integrationsbarometer misst die Sichtweisen und Bewertungen auf beiden Seiten der Einwanderungsgesellschaft. Meistgenutztes Medium für politische Nachrichten ist bei Menschen mit Migrationshintergrund das Fernsehen. Wichtigste Faktoren für die Mediennutzung von Migranten sind Bildung und ... more

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Trust Misplaced? A Report on the Future of Trust in Media

Ipsos (2020), 31 pp.

"This report is a collaboration between Ipsos and The Trust Project, a U.S.-based non-profit, international consortium of news organizations building standards of transparency. Its mission is to “amplify journalism’s commitment to transparency, accuracy, inclusion and fairness so that the public ... more

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Edelman Trust Barometer 2020: Global Report

Edelman (2020), 77 pp.

"The 2020 Edelman Trust Barometer reveals that despite a strong global economy and near full employment, none of the four societal institutions that the study measures—government, business, NGOs and media—is trusted. The cause of this paradox can be found in people’s fears about the future and ... more

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Healthy Scepticism Across the Board: A Study on Media Perception in Sudan

Aida Kaisy

Berlin: Media in Cooperation and Transition (MiCT) (2020), 18 pp.

"Social media is the most dominant source of news, with television and radio both declining in popularity amongst young audiences. Social media is popular due to its accessibility and speed of reporting events. Countering the commonly high popularity of radio in Africa, radio was seen as outdated an ... more

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Navigating the ‘infodemic’: How People in Six Countries Access and Rate News and Information About Coronavirus

Rasmus Kleis Nielsen, Richard Fletcher, Nic Newman, J. Scott Brennen, Philip N. Howard

Oxford: Reuters Institute for the Study of Journalism (2020), 34 pp.

"In this report, we use survey data collected in late March and early April 2020 to document and understand how people in six countries (Argentina, Germany, South Korea, Spain, the UK, and the US) accessed news and information about COVID-19 in the early stages of the global pandemic, how they rate ... more

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Especial medios de comunicación: Encuesta de satisfacción política y opinión pública

Buenos Aires: Encuesta de Satisfacción Política y Opinión Pública (ESPOP) Universidad de San Andrés (2020), 24 pp.

"En la mayoría de los casos existe una relación lineal entre la confianza y el consumo de cada medio. En ese contexto, entre los consumidores frecuentes de cada medio la confianza neta (Confía Mucho + Confías Algo) es mayor en Telefe (80%), C5N (78%) y Clarín (74%). De todos modos, cabe aclarar ... more

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Bolivia, COVID-19: Cómo pasamos la pandemia y qué nos depara el futuro

Instituto para el Desarrollo Rural de Sudamérica (IPDRS); Acción Cultural Loyola (ACLO) (2020), 42 pp.

"En el área rural, se ratifica la predominancia de la radio sobre los otros medios (59% escucha siempre o casi siempre), seguido muy de cerca de la televisión (56% mira televisión) y luego los medios digitales, el Facebook (41% se conecta) es más reconocido como un medio de información que el W ... hatsApp (36% utiliza la aplicación). En el área urbana predomina de lejos la televisión (70% siempre o casi siempre), seguida por el Facebook (60%), el WhatsApp (47%) y la Radio (33%). Un dato importante, es que los que no utilizan nunca los medios digitales en el área rural están aproximadamente entre el 33%; la radio y televisión, alrededor del 17%. En el área urbana quienes no utilizan la radio son un 20%, y la televisión, un 5%, y el promedio entre los que no utilizan Facebook ni WhatsApp es de 13% [...] Los medios por los que se informa del COVID-19, son más diversos y con características muy particulares por sector y por región. En general, la tendencia de los medios de comunicación es similar a los medios que se utilizan normalmente, aunque aquí hay una mayor predominancia de la televisión (26%), seguida por la radio (21%) y luego el Facebook (19%). Sin embargo, existen otros agentes que sumados hacen un 24%, esos son amigos / vecinos / familiares (7%), otros varios, entre ellos políticos: ONG (7%), dirigentes de organizaciones sociales (6%) y finalmente promotores de salud (4%). En algunos departamentos, estos otros medios, llegan o pasan del 20%, como es el caso de Cochabamba, Pando, Chuquisaca y el Beni. Aquí se ve más nítidamente la importancia de la radio y televisión, es creciente de acuerdo a los grupos de edad, los mayores la utilizan con mayor preferencia que los medios virtuales. Este grupo también se informa del COVID-19 en un significativo 30% por esos otros medios que se indicaron como son los amigos / vecinos / familiares, dirigentes de organizaciones sociales y finalmente promotores de salud [...] En general, la televisión es considerada el medio más confiabilidad (28%), la radio se mantiene cercana (24%), en cambio bajan los medios digitales como Facebook (15%), y WhatsApp (8%) se disputa la confiabilidad con los amigos / vecinos / familiares (7%), promotores de salud (7%), dirigentes de organizaciones sociales (6%) y finalmente las ONG (5%). Bajo ese criterio los políticos no lograron ni un punto porcentual. Existen nuevamente diferencias entre el área rural y urbana; en el área rural la confiabilidad se la lleva la radio con un 29% contra un 17% en el área urbana. En cambio, en el área urbana la televisión recibió un puntaje de confiabilidad del 33% de la población contra un 24% a la radio. El Facebook recibió una calificación de 20% en el área urbana y de 11% en el área rural." (Página 6-7) more

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Public Trust in the Media During the Coronavirus Pandemic

Media Matters for Democracy (2020), 34 pp.

"The public generally approved of the Pakistani news media coverage of the coronavirus pandemic. A majority of the respondents agreed that the Covid news coverage had provided them the information they needed, provided largely accurate information, worked for the benefit of the public, and helped th ... more

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What We Think We Know and What We Want to Know: Perspectives on Trust in News in a Changing World

Benjamin Toff, Sumitra Badrinathan, Camila Mont’Alverne, Amy Ross Arguedas, Richard Fletcher, Rasmus Kleis Nelsen

Oxford: Reuters Institute for the Study of Journalism (2020), 26 pp.

"Trust in news has eroded worldwide. According to the Reuters Institute’s Digital News Report 2020, fewer than four in ten people (38%) across 40 markets say they typically trust most news. While trust has fallen by double digit margins in recent years in many places, including Brazil and the Unit ... ed Kingdom, in other countries more stable overall trends conceal stark and growing partisan divides. Why is trust eroding, how does it play out across different contexts and different groups, what are the implications, and what might be done about it? These are the organising questions behind the Trust in News Project. This report is the first of many we will publish from the project over the next three years. Because trust is a relationship between trustors and trustees, we anticipate focusing primarily on audiences and the way they think about trust, but we begin the project by taking stock of how those who study journalism and those who practice it think about the subject [...] We focus on media environments in four democracies – Brazil, India, the United Kingdom, and the United States. These countries encompass both the Global South and North, with a range of cultural heterogeneity and political practices that vary in their partisan and populist tendencies. For our purposes, one of the most important differences across these countries is in how audiences have integrated digital and social media practices into how they consume news. Whereas public social networking sites such as Facebook and Twitter have rapidly become key conduits of information in democracies worldwide, many of those we interviewed pointed to the popularity of encrypted messaging services like WhatsApp, specifically in Brazil and India, which have combined with deficits in digital literacy to serve as a ‘breeding ground’ for misinformation and disinformation (Chakrabarti et al. 2018). As Irineu Machado, head of content delivery at UOL (Brazil), told us, audiences increasingly ‘distrust organisations who traditionally’ cover news and ‘distrust information in general’, and some rely not just on public social networking sites but also private groups and messaging applications [...] This report is divided into two main sections. First, we outline important lessons from existing research and practitioners’ observations on trust in news. Second, we identify outstanding questions that we expect will guide our project in the years ahead." (Introduction) more

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Vertrauen in Journalismus unter Online-Bedingungen: Zum Einfluss von Personenmerkmalen, Qualitätswahrnehmungen und Nachrichtennutzung

Fabian Prochazka

Wiesbaden: Springer VS (2020), xvi, 340 pp.

"In Teilen der Bevölkerung erodiert das Vertrauen in journalistische Medien. Gleichzeitig verliert der Journalismus seine Rolle als Gatekeeper und tritt in Konkurrenz zu anderen Informationsanbietern im Internet. Fabian Prochazka untersucht theoretisch und empirisch, wie diese beiden Phänomene zus ... more

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Ethnic Media Study: Media Habits and Media Representation of Ethnic Minorities in Myanmar

Aye Lei Tun, Emilie Lehmann-Jacobsen

International Media Support (IMS); Fojo Media Institute (2020), 18 pp.

"The study examines content produced and distributed to ethnic minorities in Mon, Kayin and Kayah and looks into the news and media habits and understandings of the same groups. It consists of two different research efforts: a content analysis and a qualitative audience study. The content analysis f ... more

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FactShala User Study: Executive Summary. Baseline Status of Internet Users in India

Internews; DataLEADS; fact India Media Literacy Network (2020), 29 pp.

"The study revealed some clear patterns about why people fall for misinformation, regardless of their age, gender or education level. Some of the key trends common across city and village respondents were: 1. Majority of the respondents do not question the source of the information, or assess if the ... more

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Port-Au-Prince Information Ecosystem Assessment

Internews; Panos Caribbean (2020), 70 pp.

"Key finding 1: A trusted thirdperson is the most important information provider. When asked for their main source of information, family, friends, and religious leaders accounted for 89% of the response choices combined. Additionally, 97% stated they trust their family and friends. Key finding 2: S ... ocial media, the new player in the game? Even though radio remains the main channel of information used by the population (76%) – followed by television (48%) – WhatsApp (29%) and Facebook (28%) combined total 57% of respondents’ choice. Moreover, among participants who have Internet access, the leading applications to receive news areWhatsApp (82%) and Facebook (70%). Key finding 3: News on current events and sports are the most preferred content in traditional media channels. Participants mostly responded they like to see “news on current events” and “sports news” in traditional media channels. Radio listeners mostly enjoy “news on current events” (61%), newspapers readers like to read about “news on current events” (65%) and “sports” (33%), and television consumers mostly favor “news on current events” (49%) and “sports” (37%). Sports are ahead of educational and/or health programs in all types of media. Key finding 4: Residents in Port-au-Prince have unmet information needs. When asked about the information they need the most – at the time –, 52% of participants selected “how to find a job”, followed closely by “general news about what is happening in the country including COVID-19” (51%). Respondents also mentioned the need for information on “access to food and drinking water” (48%), as well as information about the “security situation in Port-au-Prince” (47%). Key finding 5: Information consumers are not passive actors: trust and relevance are key points. Content and source are the two main factors affecting the information ecosystem in Port-auPrince. Even among their preferred source of information – family and friends – or their preferred channel – radio –, trust is not blindly granted. In the focus groups, participants point out the lack of training of journalists, the fact that many confuse facts with opinions or place greater value in sensationalism, often leading to unsubstantiated claims and misinformation [...]" (Pages 5-14) more

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Edelman Trust Barometer 2021: Confianza en México

Edelman (2020), 30 pp.

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Population Perception of the Media and Media Skills in the Republic of Moldova

USAID; UKAID; Internews; Magenta Consulting (2020), 159 pp.

"This report aims to assess the perception of the media and media skills among the citizens of the Republic of Moldova in 2020 and shows the dynamics compared to the first similar report conducted in 2018. This study assesses the extent to which media consumers can assess the quality media content, ... more