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Challenges and Perspectives of Hate Speech Research
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Christian Strippel, Sünje Paasch-Colberg, Martin Emmer, Joachim Trebbe (eds.)

Berlin: Institute for Media and Communication Studies Freie Universität Berlin (2023), 482 pp.

"This book is the result of a conference that could not take place. It is a collection of 26 texts that address and discuss the latest developments in international hate speech research from a wide range of disciplinary perspectives. This includes case studies from Brazil, Lebanon, Poland, Nigeria, ... more

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Social Media 4 Peace: Local Lessons for Global Practices

Adeline Hulin, João Brant

Paris: UNESCO (2023), 69 pp.

"The three countries [Bosnia and Herzegovina, Indonesia, and Kenya] provide evidence of online hate speech and disinformation affecting human rights offline. The evidence is not comprehensive yet clear enough to raise serious concerns. Online gender-based violence is also reported as critical in the ... more

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Platform Problems and Regulatory Solutions: Findings from a Comprehensive Review of Existing Studies and Investigations
Quick Overview

Guy Berger, Alison Gillwald, Elizabeth Orembo, Dominique Diouf, Juan Manual Garcia

Paris: UNESCO; Research ICT Africa (2023), 17 pp.

"The proliferation of hate speech and disinformation on online platforms has serious implications for human rights, trust and safety as per international human rights law and standards. The mutually-reinforcing determinants of the problems are: ‘attention economics’; automated advertising system ... more

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Safety at Stake: How to Save Meta's Trusted Partner Program

Internews (2023), 33 pp.

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Regulating Disinformation on Twitter and Facebook

Corinne Tan

Griffith Law Review, volume 31, issue 4 (2023), pp. 513-536

"The spread of disinformation in recent years has caused the international community concerns, particularly around its impact on electoral and public health outcomes. When one considers how disinformation can be contained, one often looks to new laws imposing more accountability on prominent social ... more

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State of Internet Freedom in Africa 2023. A Decade of Internet Freedom in Africa: Recounting the Past, Shaping the Future

CIPESA (2023), 71 pp.

"This special edition honours the efforts of various state and non-state actors in the promotion of internet freedom in Africa. The report takes a deep dive into the dynamic landscape of internet freedom on the African continent and offers contextual information and evidence to inform ICT policymaki ... more

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Hate Speech in Lebanon: The Shortcomings and Responsibilities of Social Media Platforms

Afef Abrougui, Mirna Ghanem, Farah Rasmi

Metn: Samir Kassir Foundation (2023), 49 pp.

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Researching the Evolving Online Ecosystem: Telegram, Discord and Odysee

Henry Tuck, Jakob Guhl, Julia Smirnova, Lea Gerster, Oliver Marsh

London: Institute for Strategic Dialogue (ISD) (2023), 59 pp.

"Harmful actors use an ever-expanding range of digital spaces to spread harmful ideologies and undermine human rights and democracy online. Understanding their evolving ideas, online networks and activities is critical to the development of a more comprehensive evidence base to inform effective and ... more

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Policy Brief: Ensuring Ethical AI Practices to Counter Disinformation

Federica Urzo, Elisabetta Panico, Salvatore Custureri

MediaFutures; Luiss Data Lab (2023), 15 pp.

"In particular we recommend to strengthen collaboration (platforms should adopt a collaborative approach involving various stakeholders, including governments, civil society organisations, and fact-checkers, to counter the spread and impact of disinformation. This can include sharing information, be ... st practices, and resources to develop effective strategies); enhance transparency (platforms should prioritise transparency by providing clear and comprehensive information on their policies, algorithms, and content moderation processes. Users should have a better understanding of how their data is used, and how algorithms work to prevent the amplification of false and misleading narratives); implement effective content moderation (platforms need to allocate sufficient resources to effectively monitor and moderate harmful content. This includes investing in advanced AI systems and human moderation teams to detect and remove disinformation in a timely manner. Transparent and consistent guidelines should be in place to ensure fairness and accountability in content moderation decisions); promote fact-based information (platforms should prioritise the promotion of fact-based information from reliable sources. This can be done by partnering with credible news organizations and fact-checkers to provide accurate information and combat false narratives. Advertising promoting climate change denial or other forms of misinformation should be prevented); improve the access to data for researchers (platforms should make efforts to provide access to data for independent researchers to evaluate the effectiveness of their policies and initiatives in countering disinformation. This will enable better analysis and understanding of the impact of disinformation and the effectiveness of countermeasures); comply with regulatory frameworks (platforms should fully comply with regulatory frameworks, such as the Digital Services Act (DSA) or other relevant International, EU and National laws and regulations, that provide for obligations on addressing disinformation and mitigating associated risks, the Code of Practice on Disinformation that aims to commit signatories to a range of actions to counter disinformation. These actions include providing transparency reports on political advertising, restricting advertising placements on disinformation websites, disrupting advertising revenue for purveyors of disinformation, and enabling user feedback and fact-checking mechanisms. In this framework, compliance should not be limited to large platforms but extended, with adjustments, to smaller platforms to ensure a comprehensive approach)." (Recommendations, page 6) more

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Platform Responses to Misinformation: A Meta-Analysis of Data
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Zurich: International Panel on the Information Environment (IPIE) (2023), 70 pp.

"This Synthesis Report examines the effectiveness of countermeasures against misinformation on social media platforms, focusing on the two most examined remedies: content labeling and corrective information interventions. A meta-analysis is a research process for synthesizing and aggregating the fin ... more

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Moderación de contenidos en línea y construcción de paz en el posconflicto: Una revisión al marco normativo de Colombia

Juan Sebastián Salamanca Calle et al.

Bogotá: Fundación para la Libertad de Prensa (FLIP) (2023), 86 pp.

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Case law on content moderation and freedom of expression

Erik Tuchtfeld

New York: Global Freedom of Expression Columbia University (2023), 23 pp.

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Freedom of expression in the digital public sphere: Strategies for bridging information and accountability gaps in algorithmic content moderation

Josh Cowls, Philipp Darius, Valentina Golunova et al.

Berlin: Alexander von Humboldt Institute for Internet and Society (HIIG) (2022), 20 pp.

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The social atrocity: Meta and the right to remedy for the Rohingya

London: Amnesty International (2022), 72 pp.

"Beginning in August 2017, the Myanmar security forces undertook a brutal campaign of ethnic cleansing against Rohingya Muslims in Myanmar’s Northern Rakhine State. A UN investigation found that the role of Facebook in the violence was “significant”. This report is based on an in-depth investi ... more

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Content moderation from an Inter-American perspective

Vladimir Alexei Chorny Elizalde, Luis Fernando García Muñoz, Grecia Elizabeth Macias Llanas

AlSur (2022), 54 pp.

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Content Moderation in autoritären Staaten: Wie soziale Medien zu Komplizen autoritärer Herrscher zu werden drohen

Paula Köhler, Daniel Voelsen

Berlin: Stiftung Wissenschaft und Politik (SWP) (2022), 8 pp.

"Täglich gibt es Berichte darüber, wie private Betreiber sozialer Medien sich problematischen Vorgaben autoritärer Herrscher beugen. Ob in Thailand, Kasachstan oder Russland, immer wieder werden als Teil von Content Moderation (CM) gezielt Inhalte entfernt oder Konten gelöscht, weil Regierungen ... more

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Iranians on #SocialMedia

Holly Dagres

Washington, DC: Atlantic Council (2022), 40 pp.

"This report explores the social media habits of Iranian netizens and how the Islamic Republic is repressing the online space." (Publisher description)

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Terrorist Content Analytics Platform. Year One: 1 December 2020 - 30 November 2021. Transparency Report

Tech Against Terrorism (2022), 33 pp.

"In November 2020, with support from Public Safety Canada, Tech Against Terrorism launched the Terrorist Content Analytics Platform (TCAP). The world’s largest database of verified terrorist content, collected in real time from verified terrorist channels on messaging platforms and apps, the TCAP ... more

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Social Media and the Information War in the Balkans

Brussels: Balkan Free Media Initiative (BFMI) (2022), 52 pp.

"This report examines the destabilizing effects of social media in two key places in the Balkans: Serbia and Republika Srpska, the majority Serb entity of Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH). The leaders of both – President Aleksandar Vucic in Serbia and President Milorad Dodik in Republika Srpska – ar ... more

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Content Moderation and Local Stakeholders in Kenya

Victor Kapiyo

Article 19; UNESCO (2022), 83 pp.

"This report specifically looks at the situation of local actors who, while they are impacted by the circulation of harmful content on social media or the moderation thereof, often find themselves unable to take effective action to improve their situation in that respect." (Introduction)

Challenges and Perspectives of Hate Speech Research Top Insights

Platform Problems and Regulatory Solutions: Findings from a Comprehensive Review of Existing Studies and Investigations Quick Overview

Platform Responses to Misinformation: A Meta-Analysis of Data Top Insights

Challenges and Perspectives of Hate Speech Research
Top Insights

Platform Problems and Regulatory Solutions: Findings from a Comprehensive Review of Existing Studies and Investigations
Quick Overview

Platform Responses to Misinformation: A Meta-Analysis of Data
Top Insights