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Election Campaigns: Disinformation & Misinformation
32
Social Media in Political Communication
21
Twitter & Microblogs
14
Digital Activism, Cyber Advocacy
12
Countering Hate Speech, Disinformation & Propaganda
12
Disinformation, Misinformation, Fake News
11
Election Campaigns
10
Facebook
10
Democratization & Digital Media / Social Media
9
Election Reporting
8
Digital Political Communication
7
Civic Engagement, Citizen Participation, Civil Society & Digital Communication
6
Digital & Social Media Use, Internet Use
6
WhatsApp
6
Civic Engagement, Citizen Participation, Civil Society & Media
4
Hate Speech, Hate Speech in Social Media
4
Election Monitoring
4
Digital & Social Media Use: Youth
3
Digital Media Censorship, Control & Filtering, Internet & Social Media Censorship
3
Freedom of Expression
3
Internet / Social Media Law & Regulation
3
Internet Shutdowns
3
Social Media
3
Political Communication
3
Political Parties: Communication Strategies
3
Authoritarian Regimes: Government Communication Strategies
2
Cybersecurity, Digital Safety, Privacy, Right to Privacy
2
Surveillance, Surveillance Technologies, Spyware
2
Participatory Communication
2
Conflict-Sensitive Digital Technology Use & Social Media in Prevention & Transformation
2
Algorithms & Big Data
2
Big Digital Platforms, Big Tech Companies
2
Indigenous Digital & Social Media Communication
2
Artificial Intelligence
2
Digitalization, Digital Transformation
2
Fact-Checking & Verification of Sources
2
Gender Representation & Stereotypes in the Media
2
Ethnicity in Communication
2
Protests, Protest Movements, Protest Reporting & Media Representation
2
Governance
2
Politics and Media
2
Democracy / Democratization and Media
2
Public Spheres
2
Youth Activism, Youth Civic Engagement, Youth Political Interests, Youth Protests
2
Access to Media & Information
1
Access to Internet & Digital Communications
1
Posters
1
Gender Advocacy & Empowerment, Gender Mainstreaming
1
Media Advocacy, Media Activism
1
Audiences & Users
1
Audience Feedback, Interaction & Participation
1
Social Media Analytics, Web Metrics, User Data Analytics
1
Disinformation Consumption & Perception
1
News Consumption & Information Sources of Media Users
1
Textbooks, Textbook Development, Publishing & Research
1
Pentecostal Churches
1
Censorship
1
Internet Censorship Circumvention Tools & Strategies
1
Violence Against Journalists & Media Personnel
1
Communication Strategies
1
Local Government Communication Strategies
1
Participatory Videos & Community Filmmaking
1
Conflict Prevention, Mediation & Reconciliation: Role of Media
1
Conflict-Sensitive & Peace Journalism
1
Cyberwarfare, Cyber Operations: Attacking Enemy Computers, Software, and Control Systems
1
Dealing With the Past
1
Extremist & Terrorist Digital / Social Media Presence
1
Hate Speech Legislation & Regulation
1
Military: Online & Social Media Communication Strategies
1
Media Monitoring, Media Observatories
1
Memes
1
National Development Planning
1
Good Governance
1
Development Communication, Communication for Development (C4D)
1
Communication for Social Change
1
Digital Communication, Digital Media
1
Digital Ethics, AI Ethics, Social Media Ethics, Data & Information Ethics
1
Digital Media Research, Digital Communication Research
1
Digital Platform & Intermediaries Regulation
1
Digital & Social Media Effects
1
E-Governance, E-Democracy
1
Internet
1
Microtargeting
1
Political Blogging
1
Political Microtargeting
1
Content Moderation & Regulation: Social Media
1
Influencers (Social Media)
1
Social / Digital Media and ICTs in Disaster & Humanitarian Crisis Management & Prevention
1
Ethnic Media, Minority Media
1
Minorities & Disadvantaged Groups: Reporting & Media Representation
1
Foreign Disinformation, Foreign Information Manipulation Operations, Foreign Propaganda
1
Gendered Disinformation
1
Digital Economies & Markets
1
Media Ownership
1
Political Economy of Media
1
Mobile Money Cash Transfer Programmes
1
Massive Open Online Courses (MOOC)
1
Political Parody and Satire
1
Soap Operas & Telenovelas
1
Ethics in Media & Communication
1
Codes of Journalistic Ethics
1
Self-Regulation of Media
1
Female Opinion Leaders, Politicians, Decision Makers
1
Feminism & Communication
1
Gender-Based Online Harassment & Sexual Threats
1
Good Practice Examples
1
Health Communication
1
COVID-19 Communication
1
History of Media & Communication
1
Russia: Foreign Information Operations, International Broadcasting, Public Diplomacy
1
Journalism Education & Training
1
Safety of Journalists, Safety Risks of Media Workers
1
Political Reporting
1
Kiswahili
1
Media Assistance: Youth Programmes & Media
1
Ushahidi (Crowdsourcing Mapping Software)
1
Media Law & Regulation
1
Regulatory Bodies
1
Guerillas, Insurgent Groups, Revolutionary Movements
1
FARC (Insurgent Group, Colombia)
1
Polarization, Political Polarization
1
Anticommunism
1
Populism
1
Shrinking Spaces for Civil Society & Political Actors
1
Political Discourse
1
Political Marketing
1
Persuasive Communication
1
Manipulation
1
Religion and Politics
1
Human Security
1
Discrimination
1
Civil Society
1
Technologies: Impact Assessment
1
Mobile Phones, Smartphones
1
Urban Communication, Urban Media
1
Illustrations, Pictures, Images
1
Language
Document type
Countries / Regions
Authors & Publishers
Media focus
Publication Years
Methods applied
Journals
Output Type
"Ranked fourth in the number of Facebook users in the world in 2018, Indonesia has witnessed increasing social media usage as a strategic platform for political campaigns since the third direct presidential election in 2014. Due to their accessibility and relatively low cost, social media platforms ... more
"Ahead of the general election in April and May 2019, Indian political parties are using social media aggressively to propagate their ideology, mobilise public opinion, set policy agendas, and discredit detractors. Since the 2014 general election, India’s two major political parties – the Bharat ... more

The Impact of Digital Media on the 2019 Indian General Election

Singapore: Institute of South Asian Studies; Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung (KAS) (2019), 28 pp.
"The 2019 Indian general election saw the widespread and innovative use of digital media and technology. Most political parties employed digital media extensively for campaigning and voter mobilisation. This extensive use of digital media was due to nearly half of India’s 900 million eligible vote ... more
"The central focus of this study is the dynamic and complex relationship between elections and (digital) media. This choice of focus is explained by the need to safeguard the integrity and credibility of electoral processes, as well as the role of the news media during election periods, in the face ... more
"The regulatory gap between online and offline political communication and elections is staggering. Even as monitors track broadcast media and advertising, elections are manipulated online. Initial responses by recent international electoral observation missions in Kenya, Georgia and Nigeria – as ... more

Social Media and Political Behaviour

Delhi: Centre for the Study of Developing Societies (CSDS) (2019), 70 pp.
"This collaborative report between the Lokniti programme of the Centre for the Study of Developing Societies and Konrad Adenauer Stiftung analyzes the growth of online social networking sites and apps in India and their role in shaping political preferences and attitudes in the recently concluded 20 ... more

Social Media and Elections

Montevideo: UNESCO (2019), 27 pp.
"This paper analyses the potential impact of social media on the conduct and outcome of elections both to strengthen political participation and knowledge sharing as well as the more harmful effects. It looks at the various harms particularly those relevant in the context of Latin America. It docume ... more

Democracia y protección de datos personales en la era digital

Santiago de Chile: Ediciones Consejo para la Transparencia (2019), 22 pp.
"Las personas basan sus decisiones y participación democrática en la información de la que disponen y si dicha información es deliberadamente manipulada a través del uso indebido de sus datos personales, sus decisiones posteriores podrían no ser genuinas. En el presente documento, los analista ... more

Mapping Digital Disinformation Around Elections: A Case Study of Pakistan’s 2018 General Elections

Washington, DC: Center for International Media Assistance (CIMA) (2019)
"The 2018 general election represented one of the first times digital disinformation occurred on a massive scale in Pakistan. This report examines different forms of disinformation that circulated online in the lead up to the 2018 elections and its impact on the country’s political discourse, and ... more

Disinformation and Electoral Campaigns

Strasbourg: Council of Europe (2019), 40 pp.
"Cet ouvrage donne les détails les plus précis sur la campagne menée par les principaux candidats à l'élection présidentielle 2018 au Congo. Ils ont été suivis chacun de très près, au jour le jour : Fayulu, Kamerhe, Shadary, Tshisekedi. Pendant 50 + 20 jours, leurs actes publics, leurs pro ... more
"This book surveys current developments in social media and politics in a range of Central and Eastern European countries, including Ukraine and Russia. It explores the process of adoption of social media by politicians, journalists and civic activists, examines the impact of the different social an ... more

African Digital Media Review (3)

African Journalism Studies, volume 39, issue 1 (2018), pp. 1-128
"Explores the drastic efforts being made by elites to contain online activism, as well as how ‘fake news’, a failed digital vote-counting system and the incumbent president’s recruitment of Cambridge Analytica contributed to tensions around the 2017 elections. Reframing digital democracy from ... more
"Nouvel ouvrage de la collection Ecritures du Monde, cet ouvrage a été réalisé dans le cadre des rencontres annuelles des Chaires UNESCO en communication ORBICOM. Les objectifs de la rencontre annuelle étaient les suivants : 1) Identifier et analyser les conflits culturels et communicationnels ... more

How Africa Tweets 2018

London et al.: Portland (2018), 22 pp.
"Our study is the first to identify and analyse who is shaping African Twitter conversations during elections over the past year. The study found that 53 per cent of the leading voices on Twitter around ten elections on the continent during the past year came from outside the country in which the el ... more

Polígrafo de género

Bogotá: Linterna Verde; Colnodo; Fundación para la Libertad de Prensa (FLIP) (2018), 34 pp.
"Como parte de un proyecto sobre desinformación, el centro de Internet y Sociedad Linterna Verde, en asocio con la Fundación para la Libertad de Prensa, presenta un informe que monitorea los discursos de género –tanto de candidatos presidenciales como de sus fórmulas– a través del análisis ... more
"Ziel dieser Studie ist es, empirische Fakten und Hintergründe zum Phänomen Fake-News in Deutschland zu liefern. Der Fokus der Untersuchung liegt darauf, wer an der Entstehung und Verbreitung von Fake News in der digitalen Öffentlichkeit beteiligt ist, wie groß die Reichweiten und wie erfolgreic ... more