Filter
431
Topics
Safety of Journalists, Safety Risks of Media Workers
164
Harassment & Intimidation of Journalists
127
Journalists Dealing with Risks & Threats, Resilience & Wellbeing of Media Workers
80
Media Freedom, Press Freedom
65
Female Journalists & Media Workers
60
Self-Censorship
44
Conflict Reporting, Armed Conflict Reporting
30
Working Conditions of Journalists & Media Personnel
27
COVID-19 Pandemic: Effects on Journalism, Media & Communication
19
Safety of Journalists: Law & Public Policies
17
Violence Against Journalists & Media Personnel
15
Killings of Journalists & Media Personnel
13
Press Freedom & Communication Rights Violations
11
Censorship
10
Surveillance, Surveillance Technologies, Spyware
9
Crime & Violence Reporting
9
Investigative Journalism
9
Impunity for Crimes Against Journalists & Media Personnel
8
Journalism Education & Training
8
COVID-19 Communication
7
Protests, Protest Movements, Protest Reporting & Media Representation
7
Media Law & Regulation
7
Authoritarian Regimes: Government Communication Strategies
6
Legal Threats to Media Freedom
6
Foreign Correspondents
6
Journalists: Professional Identity & Values
6
Media Landscapes, Media Systems, Media Situation in General
6
Media Capture, Vested Political & Other Interests in the Media
6
Authoritarian Regimes: Media Systems & Landscapes
5
Cybersecurity, Digital Safety, Privacy, Right to Privacy
5
Citizen Journalism, Community Journalism
5
Digital Journalism, Online Journalism
5
Election Reporting
5
Digital Activism, Cyber Advocacy
4
Foreign Conflict Reporting, International War Reporting
4
War Reporting
4
Journalistic Social Media Use
4
Gender-Based Harassment, Intimidation & Violence
4
Media Law & Regulation: International Standards & Practices
4
Russia: Foreign Information Operations, International Broadcasting, Public Diplomacy
4
Freelance Journalists & Media Workers
4
Local Journalism
4
Editorial Independence
3
Indirect Censorship, Soft Censorship
3
Government Communication Strategies
3
Conflict Areas: Media Systems, Media Landscapes, Role of Media
3
Conflict-Sensitive & Peace Journalism
3
Extremism & Terrorism Reporting
3
Social Media in Political Communication
3
Journalism
3
Journalism Education Curricula
3
Photojournalism
3
Media Assistance
3
Post-Socialist Media Systems & Landscapes
3
Populism
3
Corruption & Combating Corruption
3
Media Advocacy, Media Activism
2
Audience Feedback, Interaction & Participation
2
Authoritarian Regimes, Dictatorships
2
Independent & Oppositional Media in Authoritarian Regimes
2
Russia-Ukraine War <2014-
2
Transitional Justice Reporting
2
Media Criticism
2
Countering Hate Speech, Disinformation & Propaganda
2
Accountability & Transparency of the Media
2
Countering Defamation & Harassment
2
Journalism Ethics
2
Bribery & Corruption in Journalism
2
Feminism & Communication
2
Indigenous Journalists & Communicators
2
Transnational Journalism Cooperation & News Exchange
2
Journalists
2
Stringers & Fixers (Journalism)
2
Media Reporting, Reporting on Journalism & Communication Issues
2
Political Reporting
2
Television Journalism
2
Law Enforcement, Litigations, Legal Practice, Case Law, Jurisdiction
2
Caruana Galizia, Daphne (1964-2017)
2
Military
2
Opinion Leaders, Politicians, Decision Makers, Elites
2
Kompas (Newspaper, Indonesia)
2
Public Media, State Media
2
Islamist Communications & Media
2
Networks & Networking
2
Open Data
1
Civic Engagement, Citizen Participation, Civil Society & Media
1
Gender Advocacy & Empowerment, Gender Mainstreaming
1
Election Campaigns
1
Catholic Media
1
Chilling Effects (Discouragement of Legitimate Exercise of Legal Rights)
1
Data Protection: Law & Regulation
1
Digital Media Censorship, Control & Filtering, Internet & Social Media Censorship
1
Exile Journalism, Exile Media
1
Freedom of Expression
1
Media / Communication Control
1
Censorship Circumvention Tools & Strategies
1
Internet Censorship Circumvention Tools & Strategies
1
State Influence on the Media
1
Crisis Communication
1
Government / State Advertising: Allocation Policies & Regulation
1
Military: Communication Strategies & Practices
1
Alternative Communication & Media
1
Community Radios
1
Conflicts: Victims' Perspectives
1
Terrorism
1
Boko Haram
1
Iraq War (2003)
1
Dealing With the Past
1
Trauma, Coping with Trauma, Trauma Therapy
1
Discourse & Discourse Analysis
1
Theatre
1
Digital Media Startups
1
Online Magazines & Newspapers
1
Social Media
1
Democratization & Digital Media / Social Media
1
Trolling (Social Media)
1
Digitalisation, Online Communication & Democracy / Democratization
1
Minority Journalists
1
Religious Minorities & Media
1
Humanitarian Law
1
Conspiracy Narratives, Conspiracy Theories
1
Foreign Disinformation, Foreign Information Manipulation Operations, Foreign Propaganda
1
Health Disinformation & Misinformation
1
Media Ownership
1
Media Viability & Financial Sustainability
1
Political Economy of Media
1
Climate Change Communication, Climate Journalism
1
Environmental & Land Conflicts Reporting & Media Representation
1
Defamation: Effects on Victims
1
Objectivity & Veracity of Reporting
1
Bias in News Media
1
Gender-Based Online Harassment & Sexual Threats
1
Gender Discrimination, Gender Inequalities
1
Gender Representation & Stereotypes in the Media
1
Health Journalism
1
History of Journalism
1
History of the Press
1
Foreign Countries: Reporting & Media Representation
1
Council of Europe
1
Associations & Networks of Journalists
1
Collaborative Journalism, Journalism Cooperation
1
Constructive Journalism, Solution-Oriented Journalism
1
Labour Market for Journalists
1
Newsroom Management
1
Corruption Reporting & Role of Media in Curbing Corruption
1
Service Journalism, Consumer Information, Lifestyle Journalism
1
Local Television
1
Media & Communication Policies
1
Human Rights Protection
1
Human Rights Violations
1
Transitional Justice
1
Forced Migration, Forced Displacement
1
Migration & Refugees Reporting & (Social) Media Representation
1
Khashoggi, Jamal (1958-2018)
1
Conflict & War Photography
1
Hindu Nationalism
1
Political Extremism
1
Right-Wing Extremism
1
Parliaments
1
Politics and Media
1
Democracy / Democratization and Media
1
Influence of Media on Politics
1
Political Transition and Media
1
Fundamentalisms (Religious)
1
Crimes, Criminality, Organized Crime
1
Human Security
1
Sexual Violence & Abuse, Rape
1
Rohingya
1
Al-Jazeera
1
Theories of Communication & Media
1
Language
Document type
Countries / Regions
Authors & Publishers
Media focus
Publication Years
Methods applied
Journals
Output Type
Health and Safety Risks to Journalists During Pandemics
In: Handbook of Research on Discrimination, Gender Disparity, and Safety Risks in Journalism
Hershey, PA: IGI Global (2021), pp. 90-103
"Journalists play a critical role in the dissemination of health information to the public. This chapter explores the challenges created by COVID-19 for journalists in Pakistan. It also examines how the pandemic has shed light on the disparities and safety risks in the Pakistani journalism and expos
...
Nigeria: Democratic press, authoritarian government?
"The Nigerian media scene is notably vibrant, which can be perceived as a democratization of communication and liberalization of the press where anyone with the means to own a media establishment can do so. Thus, the challenge with the Nigerian media is no longer the issue of access but, rather, tha
...
The Politics of Impunity and the Shifting Media Landscape in Kenya
Athens Journal of Mass Media and Communications, volume 7, issue 1 (2021), pp. 61-78
"This article focuses on state-media relations and the shifts in the overall media landscape in Kenya. Drawing on a political economy approach to media operations in Kenya, it argues that while there are competing meanings over what constitutes "news values", "editorial independence", and "critical
...
The new constitution freezing the press: Freedom of expression and statutory limitations in Libya
Cogent Arts & Humanities, volume 8, issue 1 (2021), 16 pp.
"This study examined the Libyan conflict which started in 2011 until now. In the same way, the study also focused on how Libyan journalists are fighting for media freedom, particularly in the context of the media laws in the new Constitution of 2017. Through focus group discussions were done with 40
...
Mexican Journalism Under Siege. The Impact of Anti-press Violence on Reporters, Newsrooms, and Society
Journalism Practice, volume 15, issue 3 (2021), pp. 308-328
"As a consequence of the endemic anti-press violence, Mexican journalists work under dangerous conditions. The constant assaults have eroded the practice of free journalism and thus, the people's right to know. Drawing on a set of semi-structured interviews with news workers from the most violent st
...
Surviving Mexico: Resistance and Resilience Among Journalists in the Twenty-First Century
Austin: University of Texas Press (2021), xiv, 288 pp.
"Since 2000, more than 150 journalists have been killed in Mexico. Today the country is one of the most dangerous in the world in which to be a reporter. In Surviving Mexico, Celeste González de Bustamante and Jeannine E. Relly examine the networks of political power, business interests, and organi
...
Journalism safety in the time of populism: A cautionary tale from the US
In: Populism, the Pandemic and the Media: Journalism in the age of Covid, Trump, Brexit and Johnson
London; New York: Routledge (2021), 9 pp.
"How did the home of freedom of expression become a very dangerous place to report the democratic process? Elena Cosentino, director of the International News Safety Institute, says the American experience is a lesson for us all." (Abstract)
Voices of Resilience: Colombian Journalists and Self-Censorship in the Post-Conflict Period
Journalism Practice, volume 15, issue 10 (2021), pp. 1423-1440
"Colombian journalists experience abundant threats and acts of violence as well as corporate and governmental obstacles to publishing the truth. In response, many reporters engage in selfcensorship, eschewing stories to protect their livelihoods—and their very lives. Our in-depth interviews with s
...
An investigation into Risks to Mental Health of Bangladeshi Journalists
In: Handbook of Research on Discrimination, Gender Disparity, and Safety Risks in Journalism
Hershey, PA: IGI Global (2021), pp. 167-193
"Mental health in workplaces is a global concern today, and Bangladesh is not an exception to that. It is a big concern in journalism as good journalism depends on healthy journalists and news organizations. Most of the scholarships on the topic have been done from the perspective of western and dev
...
Online Harassment of Female Journalists in Bangladesh: Forms, Reactions, and Consequences
In: Handbook of Research on Discrimination, Gender Disparity, and Safety Risks in Journalism
Hershey, PA: IGI Global (2021), pp. 143-166
"The online harassment of female journalists is a rising concern around the world and also in South Asia. Bangladesh, a South Asian country, recently, has experienced an increasing number of harassments against female journalists online. Various studies explored the online harassment, mostly from th
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Reporting under fear and threats: The deadly cost of being a journalist in Pakistan and India
World of Media: Journal of Russian Media and Journalism Studies, issue 2 (2021), pp. 5-33
"The journalists’ right to perform their watchdog role and to do their routine jobs without fear of being killed, kidnapped, harassed, and attacked is a topic of utmost importance for freedom of the media and freedom of expression. However, in the past decade, journalists’ killings across the gl
...
"Zubair Mujahid was a journalist from Mirpurkhas in Pakistan whose stories exposed corruption and human rights abuses. His stories and columns were published in the Daily Jang, an Urdu language newspaper based in Karachi, Pakistan’s largest urban centre. On 23 November 2007, Zubair was shot while
...
Threats to Media Freedom and Journalist’s Security as a Challenge to Implementation of Constitutional Principle of Freedom of Speech in the Council of Europe’s Member States
Przeglad Prawa Konstytucyjneo, issue 6 (2021), pp. 303-316
"Free speech and freedom of the media are essential to the functioning of democratic systems. However, recent decades have brought phenomena that pose a threat to media freedom. The author analyzed threats to media freedom and journalist’s security regarding resolution 2317 (2020) of the Parliamen
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Newsroom Representation and Discrimination Against Female Journalists in Ghana
In: Handbook of Research on Discrimination, Gender Disparity, and Safety Risks in Journalism
Hershey, PA: IGI Global (2021), pp. 297-318
"In journalism, there are still growing concerns about the ratio of men to women, even though women's presence in the newsroom have increased progressively. The issues of gender stereotyping and discrimination against women have emerged over time and still remain an issue of great concern. In view o
...
Media Environment Before and After 2021 Elections: Threats and Supportive Instruments
Tbilisi: Media and Communication Educational and Research Center (MCERC) (2021), 65 pp.
"The study revealed the macro and micro media threats that come to light in the digital and physical media environments prior to and following elections. The media environment observed during the 2021 self-government elections was representative of the reality seen through the eyes of media workers,
...
Safety of journalists in Germany
In: Safety of journalists in Europe: Threats and best practices to tackle them
San Domenico di Fiesole: European University Institute (2021), pp. 43-52
"The physical and digital safety of journalists is an important parameter to assess basic conditions for a plural media environment. If one examines the situation in Germany based on the given categories, it becomes clear that there are problems in various areas. At the same time, however, ideas alr
...
Sexism and Gender Discrimination in Pakistan's Mainstream News Media
In: Handbook of Research on Discrimination, Gender Disparity, and Safety Risks in Journalism
Hershey, PA: IGI Global (2021), pp. 60-89
"This research aims to examine how sexism and gender discrimination impacts women journalists in Pakistan. The International Federation of Journalists (2018-19) ranks Pakistan as the fourth most dangerous country for journalists. The Coalition for Women in Journalism declares Pakistan as the sixth-w
...
Bulgarian Journalists Under Pressure: Threats, Violence, and Freedom of Speech
In: Handbook of Research on Discrimination, Gender Disparity, and Safety Risks in Journalism
Hershey, PA: IGI Global (2021), pp. 212-231
"Bulgarian journalists are under pressure. Although the country has been a member of the EU for 13 years and the legislation on freedom of speech corresponds to Western practices, the country ranks 111th in the annual Freedom of Speech Index. While the cases of work-related physical violence against
...
Reckoning With #MeToo and the Aftermath: Perception of Workplace Harassment, Sexism, and the #MeToo Movement Among Journalists in India
In: Handbook of Research on Discrimination, Gender Disparity, and Safety Risks in Journalism
Hershey, PA: IGI Global (2021), pp. 104-118
"In 2017, following the #MeToo movement stirred by the public outing of Hollywood producer Harvey Weinstein, the safety of women at the workplace became a prime agenda for international news media. Although far from being truly inclusive, the #MeToo movement rapidly spread to other parts of the worl
...
The Voice of Women and Challenges of Gender Equality in Georgian Media
In: Handbook of Research on Discrimination, Gender Disparity, and Safety Risks in Journalism
Hershey, PA: IGI Global (2021), pp. 232-250
"This research analyzes the media landscape in Georgia from a gender equality perspective to identify the existing stereotypes dominant in Georgian media organizations. Georgia (country) faces the challenges related to femicide, domestic violence, employment of women, early or forced marriages, sexu
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