Safety of Journalists CFOM Sheffield

The Centre for Freedom of the Media (CFOM) at the University of Sheffield (UK) is an interdisciplinary research centre with global outreach on issues of media freedom, journalism safety, editorial standards and impunity. During the 2022 Academic Consultation on the UN Plan of Action on the Safety of Journalists and the Issue of Impunity, CFOM conducted a literature stocktake to scope out academic literature published in the area of media freedom, journalism safety and impunity. CFOM collated this information and produced a literature database organised by themes or countries for accessibility. The collection is especially strong on country- and region-specific safety issues and on surveys of emotional wellbeing of journalists. This special collection is curated by gemma.horton@sheffield.ac.uk.

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Covering Mindanao: The Safety of Local Vs. Non-local Journalists in the Field

Marte Høiby

Journalism Practice, volume 14, issue 1 (2020), pp. 67-83

"In this study, I examine the perilous conditions facing Filipino journalists covering the Mindanao region, focusing on differences in threats and dangers faced by those who are local to the region and those parachuting in from Manila. Using a qualitative approach, I have conducted one group intervi ... more

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Talking Back: Journalists Defending Attacks Against Their Profession in the Trump Era

Michael Koliska, Kalyani Chadha, Alison Burns

Journalism Studies, volume 21, issue 11 (2020), pp. 1496–1513

"According to neo-institutional theory, the survival of institutions in society is predicated on a cultural discourse. Dubbed “the institutional myth,” this discourse reflects the core values, practices and aspirations of an institution and legitimizes its existence to internal and external stak ... more

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The Role of Ghanaian News Media Organisations in Countering Threats to Media Freedom and Journalists' Safety

Gifty Appiah-Adjei

In: Handbook of Research on Combating Threats to Media Freedom and Journalist Safety

Sadia Jamil (ed.)

Hershey, PA: IGI Global (2020), pp. 186-213

"Journalist safety is vital to media freedom as it shows stakeholders' duties to protect the media from crime and to guard media freedom. The media have the power to combat problems via coverage, yet evidence submits that journalist insecurity persists in Ghana. So, the study aims to examine how the ... more

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Pioneer decision on safety of journalists in the preceding context

Andrey Rikhter, Deniz Yazici

In: European Yearbook on Human Rights 2019

Philip Czech, Lisa Heschl, Karin Lukas, Manfred Nowak, Gerd Oberleitner (eds.)

Intersentia (2020), pp. 339-368

"This contribution singles out and seeks to analyse the most essential elements of the OSCE Ministerial Council Decision on Safety of Journalists, adopted in Milan on 7 December 2018. Those elements aim to create an enabling environment for the media, in particular, through the compliance with speci ... more

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Programme Strategy - Multi Donor Special Account on Freedom of Expression and Safety of Journalists

Ma'aly Hazzaz

Paris: UNESCO (2020), 35 pp.

"Article 19 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights states that “everyone has the right to freedom of opinion and expression; this right includes freedom to hold opinions without interference and to seek, receive and impart information and ideas through any media and regardless of frontiers.� ... more

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Work-related sexual harassment and coping techniques: The case of Indonesian female journalists

Deborah N. Simorangkir

Media Asia, volume 47, issue 1-2 (2020), pp. 23-33

"Female journalists make up only between five to 10 percent of the total journalists in Indonesia. Consequently, this often gives women little bargaining power in the workplace. This research analyzes the prevalence and nature of sexual harassment experienced by Indonesian female journalists, as wel ... more

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Could Combat Stress Affect Journalists’ News Reporting? A Psychophysiological Response

José Francisco Tornero-Aguilera, José Juan Robles-Pérez, Vicente Javier Clemente-Suárez

Applied Psychophysiology and Biofeedback, volume 45, issue 4 (2020), pp. 231-239

"Covering war conflicts may compromise the psychological and physical health of journalists because chronic exposure to these environments has been related to depression, memory dissociative processes, and post-traumatic stress disorder; however, acute effects have not been studied yet. Thus, a comb ... more

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In the crosshairs: The perils of environmental journalism

Eric Freedman

Journal of Human Rights, volume 19, issue 3 (2020), pp. 275-290

"Journalists covering environmental issues around the globe are at heightened risk of murder, arrest, assault, threats, self-exile, lawsuits, and harassment because environmental controversies often involve influential business and economic interests, political power battles, criminal activities, an ... more

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Journalists' Safety and Multifaceted Censorship in Colombia

Yennué Zárate Valderrama

In: Handbook of Research on Combating Threats to Media Freedom and Journalist Safety

Sadia Jamil (ed.)

Hershey, PA: IGI Global (2020), pp. 298-318

"Safety of journalists has been studied as part of freedom of expression. This chapter seeks to address issues surrounding journalists' safety and censorship in Colombia by shedding light on a triple menace: the decrease in journalistic quality, citizens' right to information, and the influence on j ... more

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Overall Programme Information

Rosario Soraide

Paris: UNESCO (2020), ?? pp.

"This report assesses progress towards the achievement of the above-mentioned outcomes during the period of 1 January to 31 December 2018, the de-facto year of operation of the inception phase for the MDPFoE. Initial contributions were provided by Austria, Canada, Norway and Switzerland. On the seco ... more

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The Pitfalls and Perils of Being a Digital Journalist in Venezuela

Mariateresa Garrido

In: Handbook of Research on Combating Threats to Media Freedom and Journalist Safety

Sadia Jamil (ed.)

Hershey, PA: IGI Global (2020), pp. 319-337

"To be a journalist in Venezuela is very dangerous. In the past decade, there has been an increase of attacks against media and their personnel. On the one hand, attacks against journalists include harassment (physical, digital, legal), illegal detentions, kidnapping, and assassination. On the other ... more

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Illegal assaults and treatment of journalists: A big challenge to the journalism profession in Nigeria

Adegboyega Adedolapo Ola

Journal of Aggression, Conflict and Peace Research, volume 12, issue 3 (2020), pp. 151-161

"One of the greatest obstacles confronting the journalism profession in the discharge of their duties is the indiscriminate physical and digital threat being experienced by journalists all over the world, particularly within sub-Saharan Africa. The continuous attacks facing journalists in Africa, mo ... more

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Trolling Journalists and the Risks of Digital Publicity

Silvio Waisbord

Journalism Practice, volume 16, issue 5 (2020), pp. 984-1000

"The global phenomenon of trolling of journalists lays out the ambivalent consequences of news interactivity and the risks of digital publicity. The push for digital publicity made journalists more exposed to attacks amid rising digital hate and the populist demonization of the news media. The negat ... more

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Mob Censorship: Online Harassment of US Journalists in Times of Digital Hate and Populism

Silvio Waisbord

Digital Journalism, volume 8, issue 8 (2020), pp. 1030-1046

"Rising numbers of online attacks against journalists have been documented globally. Female, minority reporters and journalists who cover issues interwoven with right-wing identity anchors have been primary targets. This trend reflects growing forms of mob censorship linked to the demonization of jo ... more

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What foolish risks we took

Gill Martin

British Journalism Review, volume 31, issue 4 (2020), pp. 45-50

"A former news reporter looks back with horror at the news desk assignments that placed young women journalists in danger." (Abstract)

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You Really Have to Have a Thick Skin’: A Cross-Cultural Perspective on How Online Harassment Influences Female Journalists

Gina Masullo Chen Chen, Paromita Pain, Y. Victoria Chen, Madlin Mekelburg, Nina Springer, Franziska Troger

Journalism, volume 21, issue 7 (2020), pp. 877-895

"In-depth interviews with 75 female journalists who work or have worked in Germany, India, Taiwan, the United Kingdom, and the United States of America reveal that they face rampant online gendered harassment that influences how they do their jobs. Many of the women report that if they aim to engage ... more

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You need a thick skin in this game: Journalists’ attitudes to resilience training as a strategy for combatting online violence

Fiona Martin, Colleen Murrell

Australian Journalism Review, volume 42, issue 1 (2020), pp. 93-11.

"In recent years, resilience training has been recommended as a way to protect news workers from the impact of reporting on traumatic events. However, do journalists see it as a useful tool in dealing with online abuse and harassment? This article explores Australian journalists’ conceptions of re ... more

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Worlds of Journalism: Journalistic Cultures Around the Globe
Top Insights

Thomas Hanitzsch, Folker Hanusch, Jyotika Ramaprasad, Arnold S. De Beer (eds.)

New York: Columbia University Press (2019), xi, 434 pp.

"How do journalists around the world view their own function and role in society? Based on a landmark study that has collected data from more than 25,000 journalists in 66 countries between 2012 and 2015, Worlds of Journalism examines the different ways journalists conceive of their responsibilities ... more

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Human Security as a Conceptual Framework: The Case of Palestinian Journalists

Carol B. Schwalbe, Jeannine E. Relly, Sally Ann Cruikshank, Ethan H. Schwalbe

Journalism Studies, volume 13 (2019), pp. 1920-1939

"This exploratory study introduces a human security framework to examine the challenges that journalists face from daily professional and societal constraints and pressures when attempting to fulfill their role to inform the public in areas of conflict. The research focuses on the influences on Pale ... more

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An Investigation into State Suppression of Freedom of Expression in Lesotho

Ntsoareleng Koroloso, Tawanda Mukurunge, Takura Bhila

IJCIRAS, volume 2, issue 2 (2019), pp. 75-82

"The constitution of Lesotho gives assurance to freedom of expression which is supposed to protect the rights of journalists in the day to day dispensation of their duties. The situation on the ground however shows the exact opposite. Recent history can show assassination attempts on practicing jour ... more

Worlds of Journalism: Journalistic Cultures Around the Globe Top Insights

Worlds of Journalism: Journalistic Cultures Around the Globe
Top Insights