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Media Freedom, Press Freedom
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Politics and Media
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Civil Wars
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Digital & Social Media Use, Internet Use
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Government Communication Strategies
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Community Radio Regulation & Licensing
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Crime & Violence Reporting
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ICT Industries & Markets
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Media Viability & Financial Sustainability
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Democracy / Democratization and Media
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Access to Internet & Digital Communications
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Communication Rights
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Violence Against Journalists & Media Personnel
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Surveillance, Surveillance Technologies, Spyware
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Human Security Reporting
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Media Assistance in Conflict Regions & Fragile Countries
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Digital Journalism, Online Journalism
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Disinformation, Misinformation, Fake News
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Media Concentration
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Journalism
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Safety of Journalists, Safety Risks of Media Workers
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Media & Communication Policies
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Media Law & Regulation
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Television
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Digital Activism, Cyber Advocacy
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Media Use, Media Consumption
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Trust in the Media, Credibility of Media
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Election Campaigns
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Film Markets
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Digital Media Censorship, Control & Filtering, Internet & Social Media Censorship
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Press Freedom & Communication Rights Violations
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Creative & Cultural Industries
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ICT Regulation
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Television Markets
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Educational Radio Programmes
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Educational Television
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Indigenous Communication
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Journalists: Professional Identity & Values
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Radio Landscapes
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Television Landscapes
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Radio Law & Regulation
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Politics
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Political Communication
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Telecommunication Infrastructure
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Access to Information Laws, Right to Information Regulation
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Digital Divide, Digital Inequalities
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Civic Engagement, Citizen Participation, Civil Society & Digital Communication
2
Social Movements: Communication Strategies & Practices
2
Audiences & Users
2
Audience Research
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Mobile Phone Use
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Independent & Oppositional Media in Authoritarian Regimes
2
Clandestine Radios
2
Film Actors, Directors & Producers, Filmmakers
2
Film Industries
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Latin American Cinema
2
Videos
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Editorial Independence
2
Freedom of Expression
2
Media Assistance: Freedom of Expression & Safety of Journalists
2
Media / Communication Control
2
Censorship
2
Killings of Journalists & Media Personnel
2
Alternative Communication & Media
2
Comunicación Popular
2
Religion and Conflicts, Religious Conflicts, Religious Violence
2
Conflicts and Media
2
Extremist & Terrorist Communication Strategies and Media
2
War Reporting
2
Democracy Assistance
2
Digital Political Communication
2
Financing Digital / Online Media
2
Economic Development: Role of ICTs & Media
2
ICT Indicators
2
Afro-Latin Americans, Afroamerican Population
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Countering Hate Speech, Disinformation & Propaganda
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Digital Economies & Markets
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Media Ownership
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Educational Broadcasting
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Radio Schools
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Ethics in Media & Communication
2
Journalism Ethics
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Feminism & Communication
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Journalists
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Safety of Journalists: Law & Public Policies
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Election Reporting
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Working Conditions of Journalists & Media Personnel
2
COVID-19 Pandemic: Effects on Journalism, Media & Communication
2
Media, Mass Media
2
Media & Information Literacy
2
Press Landscapes
2
Democracy Assistance: Human Rights Assistance
2
Asociación de Radios y Programas Participativos de El Salvador (ARPAS)
2
Guerillas, Insurgent Groups, Revolutionary Movements
2
Democracy Assistance: Electoral Assistance
2
Election Campaigns: Social Media
2
Influence of Media on Politics
2
Media Capture, Vested Political & Other Interests in the Media
2
Public Opinion
2
Press
2
Media Reception
2
Youth Violence & Violence Prevention
2
Access to Public Information, Freedom of Information, Right to Information
1
Advertising Markets & Industries
1
Advocacy & Political Films
1
Civic Engagement, Citizen Participation, Civil Society & Media
1
Book Reading Habits, Book Readers, Book Consumption
1
Disinformation Consumption & Perception
1
Film Audiences, Film Consumption
1
Television Use: Children
1
Music Consumption & Use
1
News Consumption & Information Sources of Media Users
1
Print Media Use, Press Readers
1
Radio Consumption, Radio Use, Radio Audiences
1
Television Consumption, Televison Use, Television Audiences
1
Authoritarian Regimes, Dictatorships
1
Children's Books & Literature
1
Transnational Book Trade, International Book Trade
1
Campaigning
1
Development Communication Campaigns
1
Catholic Church and Communication
1
Catholic Church
1
Catholic Church: Media Representation & Reporting
1
Catholic Radios
1
Catholic Television
1
Animated Cartoons, Animated Films
1
Puppetry
1
Christian Churches & Denominations
1
Christian Television Programmes
1
Female Film Actors, Directors & Producers
1
Film and Religion, Religion in Motion Pictures
1
Educational Films & Videos
1
Feature Films
1
Films
1
History of Film & Cinema
1
Public Film Policies, Film Legislation, Public Film Funding
1
Television Programme & Format Trade
1
Cybersecurity, Digital Safety, Privacy, Right to Privacy
1
Freedom of Expression Online, Internet Freedom
1
Plagiarism
1
Legal Threats to Media Freedom
1
Indirect Censorship, Soft Censorship
1
Self-Censorship
1
Government Propaganda
1
Government / State Advertising: Allocation Policies & Regulation
1
Alternative Radios
1
Community Development: Role of Communication & Media
1
Community Media Financing & Sustainability
1
Community Media Policies & Regulation
1
ALER
1
Community Radio Policies
1
Community Radio Sustainability & Financing
1
Community Television
1
Storytelling
1
Reconciliation Work
1
Religion and Justice / Peace / Reconciliation
1
Conflict-Sensitive & Peace Journalism
1
Hate Speech Legislation & Regulation
1
Violence in the Media: Reception & Effects
1
Violence in the Media: Television
1
Contents of Media
1
Media Monitoring, Media Observatories
1
Theatre Audiences
1
Acculturation
1
Cultural Processes
1
Cultural Goods
1
Cultural Heritage
1
Cultural Projects (Development Cooperation)
1
Cultural Role & Influence of Media
1
Culture (General)
1
Narratives, Narrative Structures
1
Popular Cultures
1
Media Assistance Projects & Programs: Case Studies
1
Behaviour Change Communication
1
Development Aid Reporting
1
Digital Inclusion
1
Digital Media Landscapes
1
E-Governance, E-Democracy
1
Internet
1
Electronic Commerce
1
Social Media in Political Communication
1
Internet Markets
1
Digital Media Markets
1
Social Media
1
Facebook
1
Twitter & Microblogs
1
Websites
1
Digitalization, Digital Transformation
1
ICT Development Assistance
1
Mobile Phone Markets
1
Election Campaigns: Disinformation & Misinformation
1
Economics of Media
1
Economic Contribution of the Media Industries to GDP
1
Radio Industries
1
Music Markets
1
Press Markets
1
Radio Markets
1
Transnational Media Markets, International Media Markets
1
Video Markets
1
Living Conditions
1
Financial Sector, Banks
1
National Economies
1
Trade, International Trade, Trade Policies, Trade Agreements, Tariffs
1
Education and Communication / Media
1
Adult Education
1
Curricula: School Education
1
Educación Popular
1
Educational Radios
1
Environmental Education
1
Instructional Media & Teaching Materials
1
Programmed Learning
1
Interactive Audio Learning, Interactive Digital Learning, Interactive Radio Instruction
1
Media Assistance: Educational & Instructional Media
1
Media Didactics, Media Use in Education
1
Nonformal Education
1
Open, Distance and Digital Education (ODDE)
1
Soap Operas & Telenovelas
1
Environmental Communication
1
Climate Change Communication, Climate Journalism
1
Environmental Journalism
1
Bribery & Corruption in Journalism
1
Codes of Journalistic Ethics
1
Sensationalist Journalism, Yellow Press
1
Gender and Media, Gender and Communication
1
Gender-Based Harassment, Intimidation & Violence: Media Representation & Reporting
1
Gender Relations
1
Good Practice Examples
1
COVID-19 Communication
1
History of Journalism
1
History of Radio
1
History of the Press
1
Indigenous Radio Broadcasting
1
Perceptions & Attitudes Towards Indigenous Peoples
1
Public Funding & Support Policies: Indigenous Communication
1
International Communication
1
Foreign Television Programmes
1
Latin America: Foreign Media Representation & Image Abroad
1
World Trade Orgaization (WTO)
1
Journalism Education & Training
1
Journalists Dealing with Risks & Threats, Resilience & Wellbeing of Media Workers
1
Journalists: Trust in Public Institutions
1
Labour Market for Journalists
1
News Agencies
1
Print Journalism
1
Reporting & Media Representation: Specific Issues
1
Drug Trafficking Reporting & Media Representation
1
Political Reporting
1
Poverty & Impoverished People: Reporting & Media Representation
1
Protests, Protest Movements, Protest Reporting & Media Representation
1
Local Radios, Local Radio Programmes
1
Media Assistance: Institutional Support & Core Funding
1
Diversity & Pluralism in Media / Communication
1
Social Communication
1
Stereotypes in Media & Communication
1
Media System Analyses & Typologies
1
Human Rights
1
Internet Governance, Internet Policies
1
Licensing of Media
1
Regulatory Bodies
1
Transitional Justice
1
Budgeting, Cost Calculation, Financial Planning
1
Digital Media Use: Migrants & Diasporas
1
Romero, Óscar Arnulfo (1917-1980)
1
Photographers
1
Government
1
Polarization, Political Polarization
1
Political Culture
1
Populism
1
Political Opposition
1
Political Participation
1
Political Parties
1
Political Systems
1
Democracy
1
Security
1
National Identity & Media, Nationalism & Communication
1
Opinion Leaders, Politicians, Decision Makers, Elites
1
Propaganda
1
Political Transition and Media
1
Public Spheres
1
Newspapers
1
Voces (Newspaper, El Salvador)
1
Project Design, Project Planning
1
Public & State Television
1
Radio
1
Manipulation
1
Television Reception & Effects
1
Buddhism
1
Islam
1
Religion (General)
1
Religious Populism
1
Research in Media & Communication
1
Research Results
1
Social Conflicts, Social Problems
1
Disappeared People, Missing People
1
Society
1
COVID-19 Pandemic: Economic, Political and Social Effects
1
Networks & Networking
1
Participation
1
Reality & Communication, Truth & Media
1
Social Change
1
Revolutions
1
Technologies, Information & Communication Technologies
1
Blockchain Technologies
1
Digital Switchover
1
Digital Television
1
Satellite Communication & Information Services
1
Telecommunications
1
Telephone
1
Regional Television
1
Reality Television Programmes & Daily Talks
1
Signs, Signals, Semiotics
1
Youth: Media Representation & Reporting
1
Language
Document type
Countries / Regions
Authors & Publishers
Media focus
Publication Years
Methods applied
Journals
Output Type
World Press Encyclopedia. Vol. 1
New York: Facts on File (1982), 641 pp.
"This is a survey of the state of the press in 180 countries, organized in four sections: Section I, "The International Press"; Section II, "The World's Developed Press Systems"; Section III, "Smaller and Developing Press Systems, " and Section IV, " Minimal and Underdeveloped Press Systems." Covera
...
Teleducación y cambio social en Latinoamérica
Santiago de Chile: Instituto de Solidaridad Internacional (ISI) Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung (KAS) (1976), 286 pp.
Big Media, Little Media
Washington, DC: Information Center on Instructional Technology (ICIT) (1973), xiii, 333 pp.
"Media for instruction can be characterized as big (expensive) or little (inexpensive), but research evidence suggests that whether a student learns more from one medium than another depends at least as much on how the medium is used as on what medium is used. Thus, this report discusses not only ex
...
Las escuelas radiofónicas en América Latina. II Seminario de directores de escuelas radiofónicas de América Latina. Primera parte: Intercambio de experiencias
Bogotá: Oficina de Servicios para América Latina (OSAL) (1972), 239 pp.
Communications Technology and the Crisis in Education: A Report on the Bahia Workshop
New York: Council on Higher Education in the American Republics (CHEAR) (1971), 52 pp.
Education by Television: 1968-1980. Report of the Missions for the Evaluation of Educational Television in Niger, El Salvador and American Samoa. Volume 3
Ivory Coast Republic Ministry of National Education; UNESCO (1969), 111 pp.
La radio et la télévision éducatives au Nicaragua, à Cuba et au Salvador
In: Actes du Troisième Congrès International de l'U.E.R. sur la Radio et la Télévision Educatives. Paris, 8-22 mars 1967
Paris: Office de Radiodiffusion-Télévision Française (ORTF) (1968), pp. 393-394
"L'auteur effectue un aperçu assez bref de la situation de la radio-télévision éducative dans les trois pays cités — Bilan modeste au Nicaragua et désir d'intensifier les activités dans ce domaine — A Cuba: activités relativement plus importantes — Au Salvador: un vaste programme d'act
...
El periodismo en El Salvador: Bosquejo histórico-documental, precedido de apuntes sobre la prensa colonial hispanoamericana
San Salvador: Editorial Universitaria (1964), 478 pp.
"La historia más importante y completa de historia del periodismo de El Salvador. La obra resulta demasiado voluminosa porque el autor no sólo estudia el periodismo colonial, su primer periodismo, sino que dedica atención especial al periodismo político, al literario-científico y de variedades,
...
The Mass Media in Central America
Journalism Quarterly, volume 32, issue 4 (1955), pp. 479-486
"Costa Rica and San Salvador are the most developed nations of Central America in the fields of press and radio — The author examines the political, economic and social conditions which have led to this relatively privileged situation — there follows a list of the different organs of the press,
...
Press, Film, Radio. IV: 1950
Paris: UNESCO (1951), 603 pp.
"Situation of the information media in the following countries: Basutoland [= Lesotho] — French Somaliland [Djibouti] — Kenya — Tanganyika — Uganda — Nyasaland [= Malawi] — Northern Rhodesia [= Zambia] — Southern Rhodesia [= Zimbabwe] — British Somaliland — Union of South Africa
...
Presse, Film, Radio. IV: 1950
Paris: UNESCO (1951), 646 pp.
"Situation des moyens d'information dans les pays suivants: Basutoland — Côte française des Somalis — Kenya — Tanganyika — Ouganda — Nyassaland — Rhodésie du Nord, du Sud — Somalie britannique — Union Sud Africaine — Colombie — Guyane britannique — Guyane française — Suri
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