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Health Crises and Media Discourses in Sub-Saharan Africa

Carol Azungi Dralega, Angella Napakol (eds.)

Cham: Springer (2022), 283 pp.

"The chapters here explore the impact, especially of Covid-19, on the media while unpacking the complexities, intersections and dynamics surrounding technological, political and economic developments and trends. Similarly, media discourses on journalism practice, audience narratives and news discour ... more

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Risk Communication and Community Engagement Approaches During the Monkeypox Outbreak in Europe, 2022

Ben Duncan, Cristiana Salvi

World Health Organization (WHO) (2022), 11 pp.

"This document is intended for health authorities designing RCCE interventions in the context of the current monkeypox outbreak in Europe. It supplements the ‘Interim advice on Risk Communication and Community Engagement during the monkeypox outbreak in Europe, 2022’ jointly published by ECDC an ... more

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Learning from the Past: The Role of Social and Behavior Change Programming in Public Health Emergencies

Martha Silva, Paula Tallman, Jeni Stolow, Rachel Yavinsky, Julia Fleckman, Kamden Hoffmann

Global Health: Science and Practice, volume 10, issue 4: e2200026 (2022), 11 pp.

"The prevalence of emerging infectious diseases (EIDs) is rising at an unprecedented rate, and influencing human behavior is often the first line of defense to slow disease transmissions. We synthesize the contributions that social and behavior change research and programming has made in 6 recent EI ... more

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Communicating with Communities in Epidemics and Pandemics: Risk Communication and Community Engagement (RCCE) Readiness Kit

USAID (2022), 49 pp.

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Planning risk communication on foot-and-mouth disease: Guide

FAO; EuFMD (2021), 26 pp.

"The purpose of this guide is to provide risk managers and communicators with a methodology for developing effective foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) risk communication strategies. The concepts presented can also be adapted to risk communication on other animal health threats. Eight steps help readers a ... more

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COVID-19 Discourse on Twitter in Four Asian Countries: Case Study of Risk Communication

Sungkyu Park, Sungwon Han, Kim, Jeongwook, Majid Molaie et al.

Journal of Medical Internet Research, volume 23, issue 3: e23272 (2021), 17 pp.

"COVID-19, caused by SARS-CoV-2, has led to a global pandemic. The World Health Organization has also declared an infodemic (ie, a plethora of information regarding COVID-19 containing both false and accurate information circulated on the internet). Hence, it has become critical to test the veracity ... more

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Social Media Effectiveness as a Humanitarian Response to Mitigate Influenza Epidemic and COVID-19 Pandemic

Kumar, Sameer, Chong Xu, Nidhi Ghildayal, Charu Chandra, Muer Yang

Annals of Operations Research, volume 319 (2021), pp. 823–851

"Influenza and COVID-19 are infectious diseases with significant burdens. Information and awareness on preventative techniques can be spread through the use of social media, which has become an increasingly utilized tool in recent years. This study developed a dynamic transmission model to investiga ... more

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Information Saves Lives: Ebola Outbreak in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). Final Project Report

Internews; USAID (2021), 33 pp.

"On June 25, 2020, the Government of the Democratic Republic of Congo declared the end of the Ebola outbreak in Eastern DRC – the 10th in the country’s history and the second largest after the West Africa Ebola outbreak. The outbreak recorded over 3,000 Ebola cases and left over 2,000 deaths1. W ... more

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Decolonizing Ebola Rhetorics Following the 2013-2016 West African Ebola Outbreak

Marouf Arif Hasian

New York et al.: Peter Lang (2020), 232 pp.

"Defends the position that, despite the supposed "lessons" that have been learned about the spread of Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) after the 2013-2016 West African Ebola outbreak, there remains a need to "decolonize" the rhetorics of Ebola prevention and containment. The author asserts that the failure ... more

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COVID-19: Orientaciones para comunicar sobre la enfermedad por el Coronavirus 2019. Guía para líderes

Washington, DC: Organización Panamericana de la Salud (OPS) (2020), 10 pp.

"En un escenario ideal, se contaría con tiempo para hacer planes, establecer una estrategia de comunicación y una guía de acción. Pero situaciones como estas, requieren aptitudes inmediatas para comunicarse con el público. La comunicación de riesgos es un componente integral de la gestión de ... more

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Covering COVID-19: Handbook for Journalists. Collection of Tools, Techniques, Resources and Strategies for Journalists Covering the Cornonavirus Outbreak. Includes Tools for Fact-Checking Misinformation and Hoaxes

Media Empowerment for a Democratic Sri Lanka (MEND) Program

IREX; USAID (2020), 7 pp.

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Saving Lives and Changing Minds with Twitter in Disasters and Pandemics: A Literature Review

Hamed Seddighi, Ibrahim Salmani, Saeideh Seddighi

Journalism and Media, volume 1, issue 1 (2020), pp. 59-77

"Twitter is a major tool for communication during emergencies and disasters. This study aimed to investigate Twitter use during natural hazards and pandemics. The included studies reported the role of Twitter in disasters triggered by natural hazards. Electronic databases were used for a comprehensi ... more

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People, Poultry and Pandemics: Risk Communication and Community Engagement in Indonesia

William Paul Forster

Social Science in Humanitarian Action Platform (SSHAP) (2020), 4 pp.

"This SSHAP Case Study illustrates how the United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) worked in 2006-07 to support the Indonesian government in response to avian influenza outbreaks. The agency provided social mobilisation and education programmes to schools and villages in affected communities and p ... more

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Communiquer sur Ebola: Expérience du Sénégal du 23 mars au 1er décembre 2014. Récit et analyse critique des faits

Baba Gallé Diallo

Paris: L'Harmattan (2020), 204 pp.

"Le 23 mars 2014, l'Organisation mondiale de la Santé publie sur son site web l'apparition de la maladie à virus Ébola en Guinée. Du fait de la proximité du Sénégal avec la Guinée, la commission Média et Communication, dispositif multisectoriel et centre nerveux de la communication impulse ... more

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Information Saves Lives: Ebola Outbreak in the DRC. End Line KAP Survey

USAID; Internews DR Congo (2020), 72 pp.

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We Need to Talk: Effective Ebola Risk Communication Requires Respect and Transparency and Remains as Vital as Ever. An Assessment of Changing Communication Needs and Preferences in Beni, North Kivu

C. Fricke

Translators Without Borders (2019), 43 pp.

"Interviews with health communicators and residents in September 2019 found that language barriers impede understanding of critical information on Ebola. Information in French and Swahili does not reach everyone. People misunderstand seemingly simple medical words in French. Swahili is best understo ... more

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Health Education Through Mass Media Announcements by Loudspeakers About Malaria Care: Prevention and Practice Among People Living in a Malaria Endemic Area of Northern Myanmar

Pyae Linn Aung, Tepanata Pumpaibool, Than Naing Soe, Jessica Burgess, Lynette J. Menezes, Myat Phone Kyaw, Liwang Cui Cui

Malaria Journal, volume 18, issue 362 (2019), 11 pp.

"Background: Interventions to raise community awareness about malaria prevention and treatment have used various approaches with little evidence on their efficacy. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of loudspeaker announcements regarding malaria care and prevention practices among peopl ... more

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Politics, Factions and Violence: Listening to Local Voices on Ebola

Rachel Sweet

Social Science in Humanitarian Action Platform (SSHAP) (2019), 13 pp.

"This brief summarises local media and messages circulating via social media outlets including WhatsApp and local radio and press outlets in the Beni and Butembo areas of North Kivu, DRC between February and April 2019. It also captures the growing number of warning messages and written threats tran ... more

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Il faut qu’on parle : La communication efficace sur les risques liés au virus Ebola nécessite à la fois du respect et de la transparence et demeure plus vitale que jamais. Évaluation des besoins et des préférences de communication changeants à Beni, Nord-Kivu

C. Fricke

Translators Without Borders (2019), 44 pp.

"Les entretiens menés en septembre 2019 avec des communicateurs en santé et des résidents ont révélé que les barrières linguistiques empêchent la compréhension d’informations cruciales sur l’Ebola. Les informations diffusées en français et en swahili ne sont pas comprises par tout le ... monde. Les gens ont du mal à interpréter le sens de termes médicaux en français qui paraissent pourtant simples. Le swahili est mieux compris dans la variante locale de Beni, tandis que les femmes et les personnes âgées de la région ont besoin d’informations dans la variante locale du nande. Pour les militaires et leurs familles, c’est en lingala qu’il faut donner les informations. Pour communiquer de façon efficace au sujet d’Ebola, il faut relayer l’information dans ces quatre langues. L’utilisation de la terminologie technique présente sa propre barrière linguistique. Certains termes médicaux clés spécifiques à l’Ebola sont en français et ne sont pas toujours traduits de la même manière. Les personnes chargées de la communication en santé ellesmêmes se trompent sur leur sens. Les participants de cette étude ont expliqué que certains des mots liés à l’épidémie sont inacceptables sur le plan social et culturel. Ces mots sont perçus comme étant violents et offensants, surtout ceux associés à la mort. Par conséquent, beaucoup de gens rechignent à les employer. Les communicateurs en santé les remplacent par leurs propres explications enveloppées d’euphémismes. Ces alternatives peuvent parfois être incohérentes et vagues et causer des malentendus. Les personnes chargées de la communication en santé ont besoin de soutien pour traduire les termes liés à l’Ebola d’une manière harmonisée et acceptable pour la population locale. La teneur des informations communiquées pose, elle aussi, un problème. Les messages actuels sur l’Ebola ne communiquent que des informations et des consignes de base. Ils ne fournissent pas les éléments nécessaires qui pourraient aider les gens à comprendre pourquoi et comment la prévention et le traitement d’Ebola fonctionnent. Aussi, avec l’évolution de l'épidémie et de la stratégie d'intervention, les questions des gens ont changé. Les participants de cette étude ont demandé que des informations complexes et transparentes leur soient communiquées dans une langue et un style qui leur sont familiers. Ils veulent des explications approfondies sur les derniers développements. Or il manque aux communicateurs en santé les outils de communication et la formation adaptés à ces développements, d’où la difficulté qu’ils ont à fournir des réponses à la fois claires et cohérentes. Les malentendus et les contradictions qui en résultent sont source de confusion pour les populations, et le manque d’explications détaillées ne fait qu’exacerber les doutes et les frustrations." (Résumé, page 3-4) more

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Cell Phones as an Anticipatory Technology: Behind the Hype of Big Data for Ebola Detection and Containment

Ulf Engel, Richard Rottenburg (eds.)

Halle; Leipzig: University of Halle; University of Leipzig (2018), 17 pp.